فصلنامه دانش و پژوهش در روانشناسی کاربردی
پیاپی 77 (پاییز 1398)

The goal of this study is meta-analysis of researches about effectiveness of Triple P-Positive Parenting Program on reduction of Externalizing Disorders in children and parenting problems. This study with meta-analysis or integrating the results of different studies, determine the effect size of Triple P-Positive Parenting Program on reduction of Externalizing Disorders in children and parenting problems. For this purpose out of 12 studies,11 studies which have proper methodology were selected and meta-analysis conducted on them. The research instrument was meta-analysis checklist. This study includes 306 subjects and 11 effect sizes. The results of meta-analysis indicated high significant effect size for triple p-positive parenting program on reduction of externalizing disorders in children and parenting problems(d= 0/82, p= 0/00001). According to Cohen’s table its high effect size, and it means of intervention have proper effect.

The purpose of this research was to anticipate pro-social behavior using social trust and social perspective taking. The statistical population of the study included teachers of all educational levels of Sanandaj city in 2017. in this study 425(230 women and 195 men) techers participated. They were selected based on categorical random sampling method. The participants completed the Pro-social Behavior (penner, 2002), Social Trust (saffarinia and sharif, 2009) and Social Perspective Taking (mohaghegi and et al, 2016) questionnaires. The results of regression analysis showed that three components of social perspective taking variable including perception of the views of others, putting self in the place of others and respect for differences, and two components of social trust variable including cooperative tendencies and honesty can be significantly predict pro-social personality (P≤0/05) and explain 17% of variance.

This research aimed to determine the efficacy of Psychodrama on social anxiety, self-esteem and psychological well-being of students that met diagnosis of Social Anxiety Disorder. In first stage of sampling, questionnaire of social anxiety distributed in universities of Najafabad and students answered. In next stage, 30 students who meet diagnosis of social phobia, according to cut of point of this questionnaire(30), were selected and assigned to two experimental and control groups with 15 patients in each group. The Questionnaires of Social phobia(Kanver,2000), Self-esteem (Rozenberg,1965) and Well-being (Ryff,1970) were completed as the pretest, post-test and follow-up. The Psychodrama was conducted in 10 sessions (in 2months) in consulting center of an Azad university. Then Questionnaires were completed again. Results multivariate analysis of covariance showed that Psychodrama has been significant effect in reduction of post-test mean scores of social anxiety, self-esteem and psychological well-being (P<0.005). Psychodrama is a technical treatment(such as confrontation, asserting) could be useful to improvement of social anxiety disorder.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of admission and commitment therapy on ineffective communication beliefs and marital adjustment of incompatible women. The research design was semi experimental design with pretest-post test with control group. The statistical population were all of women with marital conflict and marital conflicts referred to the Razi Counseling Center of Karaj in the summer of 1396. From this population, 30 subject were selected through available sampling method and placed in two experimental and control groups (15). The experimental group received acceptance and commitment treatment in eight 90-minute treatment sessions. The instrument of measurement in this study was the Communicational Beliefs Questionnaire (Idlerson and Epstein, 1981) and Marital Adjustment Questionnaire (Spinner, 1976). In order to analyze the data, multivariate analysis of covariance was used with SPSS (24). Findings showed that acceptance and commitment therapy had a significant effect on the dimensions of communication beliefs (Dissolving Opposition Belief, Invariability in Spouse, Belief in Anticipation of Mind, Belief in Sexual Perfectionism and Belief in Gender Differences) and Marital Satisfaction (Couple Satisfaction, Pair dependence, Pair Agreement, Affection) (p <0.05).

The aim of this study was formulating a training protocol for treating with children of divorce for the mothers and examining its effect on the mothers’ behavior. In this experimental pre-test and post-test with control group research design, by use of purposive sampling method, 40 divorced women with 6-12 years old children were chosen and randomly were assigned to experimental and control groups (20 of each). After answering the questionnaires as pre-test, 12 training sessions was held for the experimental group during four continuous weeks, three days a week, while the control group received no intervention. The instruments consisted of five questionnaires: State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI), Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Kogler & Jones Guilt Inventory, Bell adjustment Questionnaire, and Burn Family Emotional Condition Questionnaire. For analyzing the data, descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean, and standard deviation were used, and for testing research hypothesis covariance analysis was used. The results showed that the difference between the experimental and control group’s mean were meaningful (P<001/0). According to findings it could be concluded that the designed protocol can improve the psychological state of the children of divorce by establishing a positive change in their mother’s behavior.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between organizational loyalty and organizational virtue with psychological well-being and Job engagement in high school teachers of Isfahan city which was conducted through correlation method and structural equation modeling. The study population consisted of 2234 high school teachers of Isfahan. Sample size was chosen 327 teachers using Multistage Sampling method. To collect information, Job engagement questionnaire of (Salanova & Schaufeli 2002); Psychological well-being questionnaire of (Reef 2002); and organizational virtue questionnaire of (Cameron et al 2004); organizational loyalty questionnaire of (Ali and Alkazemi 2007), were used. To analyze the findings, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient, chi-square test and structural equation modeling, were used. Research findings showed that there are significant positive relationships between organizational virtue and organizational loyalty with Job engagement and psychological well-being.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of psychological capital on work attachment with the intermediate role of psychological empowerment. The forward-looking research is applied in terms of its purpose and is considered as a descriptive type of correlation in terms of method. The statistical population of this study was all employees of provincial governors and governors of East Azarbaijan province in 1396. Simple random sampling method was used. Using Karaji and Morgan table, the sample size was 246. The tools used in the Critical Care Questionnaire (Shafily et al., 2002), the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (Lutans et al., 2007) and the psychological empowerment questionnaire (Spraitze, 2000). Data were analyzed using SPSS18 software and structural equations. The results showed that, the effect of psychological capital on psychological empowerment (0.70), the effect of psychological empowerment as a mediator variable on job attachment (0.35) and the effect of psychological capital on work attachment (0.22) And all the hypotheses of this research are verified.

One predicament in present organizations is the existence of anti-citizenship behaviors such as laziness, aggression, bullying, stubbornness, intimidation, revengefulness. These behaviors affect both on organizations' performance and interpersonal relationships and employees cooperation spirit. The main goal of this research was to identify the effectof workalienation on incidentsanti-citizenship behaviors through the mediatingrole of job burnout. This study was an applied research method based on structural equation modeling. The population of the research was all the managers and assistances of the first and second high schools of Zahedan in the academic year of 2018-19. 252 principals and assistants of Zahedan high schools were studied by stratified random sampling method. To collect information, three questionnaires were used: Anti-Citizenship Behaviors (Rahmani, 2013), Job Burnout (Maslach & Jackson, 1981) and Work Alienation(adopted from Sadaghati Fard and Abdollahzadeh, 2009). For data analysis the correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used by SPSS16 and Lisrel. Based on the results work alienation, either directly or indirectly through mediation ofjob burnout, had a positive effect on the appearing anti-citizenship behaviors. Therefore, measures such as establishing a system of suggestions, delegation of authority, diversity job and contributing employees to decision-making, while reducing work alienation, could reduce job burnout and anti- citizenship behaviors.

This study aimed to predict the decision-making style based on psychological hardiness and coping strategies in physical education managers. The sample consisted of 210 physical education managers, that selected by random Multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data gathered by 3 questionnaires Ahvaz psychological hardiness questionnaire (Kiamarsi et al, 1998), coping strategies questionnaire (Billings & Moss, 1984) and public decision-making styles questionnaire (Scott and Bruce, 1995). The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation test and multivariate regression using SPSS software version 20. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between psychological hardiness and decision-making styles, as well as coping strategies and decision making styles of managers in general (P <0.05). But there were no significant relationship between psychological hardiness and coping strategies in general. The results of multivariate regression showed that we can predict decision-making in managers based on the psychological hardiness and coping styles variables (P <0.05).

Poor caregiver in children associate with severs behavioral and emotional problems. Current study investigates the effectiveness of art therapy on externalized and internalized problems in children with poor caregiver. This research is a quasi-experimental study with pre and post- tests. The 21 subjects were selected from two family canters in Tehran. They were assigned randomly to the control and experimental groups. Art therapy was conducted with the experimental group during 10 sessions (90 min for each session per week) and the control group did not receive any interventions. Then the Child behavior checklist questionnaire (Achenbach) was administered at post-test and pretest in two groups. Statistical analysis was conducted by using the analysis of variance. The results of analysis of covariance showed that there is a significant decrease in internalizing problems including; irritability, anxiety/depression, isolation and physical symptoms, and externalizing problems such as; aggression in experimental groups (p<0.05). Regarding the findings of present research, it seems that art therapy can be utilized as an effective and efficient therapeutic intervention to diminish the behavioral and emotional problems in children with poor caregiver.

The aim of this study was to examine the structural relationship of school bonding and academic procrastination with the mediating role of the self-efficacy in students. The participants included 183 fourth, fifth and sixth grad elementary school male and female students that were chose by multistage cluster sampling method. Academic Procrastination Scale, (Savari 1390) with, School Bonding Scale (Rezaisharif and collogue, 1394) and Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (Morgan-Jinks, 1999 were administered). Structural equation modeling (SEM) and Bootstrap tests were conducted to explore direct and indirect pathways of study’s model respectively. Results showed that school bonding with academic procrastination and self-efficacy have direct and significant relationship (P<0.001). School bonding and academic procrastination are antecedents and consequences of self-efficacy in students respectively (P<0.001). The results indicated that self-efficacy has a significant mediating role on the relationship between school bonding and academic procrastination (p<0.05). The findings of this study could help school counselors, education psychologist, and teachers to reduce student’s procrastination problems.

This study was carried out to investigate the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy in anxiety and boredom proneness in children who suffer from general anxiety disorder (GAD). The Statistical population included all of the girls who suffer GAD in Tehran (aged 11-13 years). The research method was two-group pretest-posttest design with repeated measure. The sample included 32 middle school girls who had major diagnosis of GAD based on DSM5. The samples were selected by available sampling and assigned to two groups (one experimental and one control group) by randomized allocation. The experimental group received group cognitive behavioral therapy in 18 sessions and one time in a week, with duration of 90 minutes. The scales were used in this study included of Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS), and Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS). One way ANOVA repeated measure was used for data analysis. The results of the study showed the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy on anxiety reduction (p<0/05).