مجله فیض
سال بیست و چهارم شماره 2 (پیاپی 112، خرداد و تیر 1399)

Lactobacillus reuteri has broad-spectrum effects on both gram-positive and negative bacteria as well as fungi and protozoa. Also, Coumarins have high ability to control and treat cancer. Apoptosis is a planned cell death that plays an essential role in the development and homostasis of living creatures. Bax and Bcl2 genes are among key target genes of internal pathway; thus the present study aimed to determine the effect of L. reuteri and Coumarin on the expression of these two genes on AGS cell line.

After cultivation of gastric cancer cells, Coumarin and L. reuteri were affected in these concentrations at different concentrations and the inhibitory effect on cell proliferation was evaluated using the MTT method. Afterwards, the RNA content of cells was extracted using an RNA extraction kit. Then the cDNA was synthesized for Bax and Bcl2 genes and finally Real time PCR was run.

The results of the MTT assay on gastric cancer cells showed the inhibitory effect of Coumarin and L. reuteri. Also, the results of Real Time PCR showed that the expression of Bax and Bcl2 expression in comparison with the control group was significantly increased.

Considering the effects of Coumarin and L. reuteri on inhibiting proliferation of AGS cells and increasing the Bax and Bcl2 gene, it can be concluded that Coumarin and L. reuteri can induce apoptosis in cancerous cells by affecting the expression of genes involved in apoptosis.

Nanoparticles are effective in treating the cancer disease due to their antioxidant, Antibacterial and the ability to produce toxicity in the cancer cells. This study aimed to evaluation of cytotoxic, antioxidant and antibacterial effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized by Amaranthus cruentus.

This study was performed in vitro. The cytotoxic effects of biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles were evaluated against the cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and the normal cell line HUVEC by MTT assay. Also, antioxidant properties of these nanoparticles were evaluated by assays the DPPH and ABTS. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software and one way ANOVA. Antibacterial activity was also evaluated by the disc diffusion method on the gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The result of MTT assay showed that IC50 was about 32µg/ml in 48 hours after treatment of the breast cancer cells by nanoparticles while the viability of the normal cell line was 94% in the similar concentration of nanoparticles. The results of the antioxidant test showed that nanoparticles at a concentration of 1000µg/ml were able to inhibit 50% of ABTS free radicals, but they exhibited a slight potential for DPPH free radicals inhibition. Also, they had an inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth.

The results showed that ZnO nanoparticles biosynthesized by Amaranthus cruentus can have antioxidant, antibacterial and anti- cancer activities.

Physical activity has been recognized, as an effective way to prevent and treat diabetes. This study aimed to determine the effect of the continuous aerobic - versus high -intensity interval training on IRS1 gene expression and its correlation with insulin resistance index in liver tissue with type 2 diabetic rats.

In an experimental study, 24 male Wistar rats aged 6-5 weeks weighed 160 to 180 g. The rats were randomly divided into three groups of 8 controls, aerobic continuity, and severe periodicity. Each group performed their protocol five days a week for eight weeks. 24 hours after the last training session, blood samples were collected directly from heart of rats. The liver tissue was immediately extracted. Pearson correlation, one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used to analyze the data.

The results of this research showed that both trainings had a significant effect on the expression of IRS1 gene in the liver of type 2 diabetes mellitus than in the control group (P=0.011), but no difference was observed in the two training groups (P=0.874). There was a significant correlation between IRS1 gene expression and insulin resistance index in the liver of type 2 diabetic rats after a HIIT and continuous exercise (P=-0.634). Increasing the IRS1 gene, reduced the insulin resistance index (r= -0.634, P=0.005).

It seems that both intensive and continuous aerobic exercises could be used to improve the indices studied in subjects with type 2 diabetes.

This study aimed to determine the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training using elastic bands and green coffee supplement on hepatic steatosis index in obese middle-aged Women.

In this randomized clinical trial, 60 obese (33.58±2.96) and middle-aged women (42.99±3.08) were selected as the subjects and were randomly divided into four groups of 15 people: supplement, exercise+supplement, exercise+placebo and placebo. The training groups received eight-week elastic band resistance training program at 3 sessions per week and 60 minutes each session. Daily supplementary groups received a 400 mg capsule of green coffee extract. Blood samples were measured 24 hours before the start and 48 hours after the end of the protocol in the fasting state. In order to compare intra-group and extra-group, the t-test and the two-way ANOVA and post-hoc Bonferroni test were used.

The results showed that 8 weeks of exercise with supplementation, despite significantly reducing the serum levels of liver enzymes in the experimental groups, there had no significant difference with the control group. Also, 8 weeks of resistance training combined with green coffee supplementation made a significant difference in the index of hepatic steatosis in obese women.

However training with elastic bands and green coffee consumption improved hepatic steatosis index but considering that its effect on liver enzymes was not significant. it seems, improvement in liver function indices in obese women may require longer periods of resistance training and green coffee supplementation.

Autophagy is a mechanism that could be inhibited or activated through exercise. FOXO3a and Beclin-1 proteins are important proteins in autophagy regulation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of 4 weeks high intensity interval training (HIIT) on the content of FOXO3a and Beclin-1 proteins in the left ventricular heart tissue with type 2 diabetic rats.

In this experimental study, 12 two-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats with a mean weight of 270±20 g were selected. After diabetic induction with STZ and Nicotinamide, rats were randomly assigned to two groups, diabetic training (6 heads) and diabetic control (6 heads). The training group trained for 4 days a week in accordance with the training program for 4 weeks, while the control group did not have any training program. Also, the rats did not receive any insulin treatment during the study period. The protein content of the present study was measured by Western blotting. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 19 and independent t-test.

Four weeks of HIIT training resulted in a significant decrease in FOXO3a (P=0.03) and Beclin-1 (P=0.0001) proteins content in the diabetic training group compared to the diabetic control group.

 Four weeks of HIIT training would decrease the content of FOXO3a and Beclin-1 proteins which leads to inhibition of autophagy in the left ventricle of subjects with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, HIIT training could be a new therapeutic approach in diabetics.

One of the possible mechanisms to the nervous system growth restriction and behavioral impairment following hypoxia, is oxidative stress. According to the antioxidant effect of fish oil, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of fish oil treatment during chronic hypoxia in pregnancy on memory, brain morphometric changes and oxidative stress in adult rat offspring.

In this study female pregnant rat (Wistar) were used; they were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups: control, sham, hypoxia, fish oil and hypoxia groups treated with fish oil. Hypoxia with 10% oxygen and 90% nitrogen intensity was applied. Fetal brain morphometry was examined on the 15th and 20th day of pregnancy and the 30-day-old offspring. Passive avoidance memory and oxidative stress parameters were examined in the 30-day-old rat offspring.

The brain weight average in the 15 and 20 day-old fetuses and 30-day-old offspring of the hypoxia group was significantly lower than the sham group (P<0.05). Memory results evaluation indicated that the avoidance memory was significantly decreased in hypoxia group compared to the sham group (P<0.05). Oxidative stress also increased significantly in the 30-day-old offspring of the hypoxia group compared to the sham group and fish oil treatment prevented the reduction of these parameters (P<0.05).

According to these results, Fish oil treatment during chronic hypoxia in pregnancy can be attenuate fetal brain restriction, oxidative stress and memory impairment following hypoxia.

Regular physical activity and diet can be effective in preventing cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) with nano-curcumin supplementation on factors related to cardiovascular disease such as lipid profile and C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in overweight girls.

The research method was randomized-experimental with pre-post test design. 48 overweight student girls with mean age of 21.78±0.94 years and BMI equals 28.12±2.1kg/m2 were randomly divided into four groups: training (n=12), training-supplement (n=12), supplement (n=12) and control group (n=12). Supplement groups consumed a 80 mg nano-curcumin capsule daily. Training groups performed an exercise protocol of HIIT training with maximum heart rate for 6 weeks (three sessions per week). The control group did not have any regular exercise. Blood samples were obtained for measurement of lipid profile serum levels (Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG) and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL)) and CRP before and after a 6-week period of exercise and supplementation. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and dependent t-test at P≤0.05.

In the supplement-training group, triglyceride (P=0.03) and CRP (P=0.03) significantly decreased, HDL (P=0.034) significantly increased and LDL and cholesterol did not show significant changes (P≥0.05). But there were no significant changes in lipid profile and CRP in the training and supplement groups (P≥0.05).

HIIT training and nano-curcumin supplementation alone resulted in slight positive changes of lipid profile and CRP. But it seems that doing HIIT training together with nano-curcumin supplementation has a reinforcing effect on each other and they are more effective at preventing cardiovascular diseases.

Streptomyces have the ability to produce bioactive metabolites such as antibacterial compounds. This study aimed to isolate and evaluate the production of  antibacterial compounds from marine sediments by Streptomyces of eastern Gilan province. 

Marine sediments were collected and Streptomyces species were identified based on morphological, physiological, biochemical methods and molecular identification was used by 16SrRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against pathogenic microorganisms such as Micrococcus luteus PTCC 1408, Bacillus cereus PTCC 1154, Staphylococcus aureus PTCC 1189, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 1310, Salmonella typhi PTCC 1609 and Proteus mirabilis PTCC 1776 by using primary (Cross streak) and secondary (Well diffusion agar) methods were investigated.                                                                         

The isolate SN7 was collected from marine sediments of eastern Gilan province, Iran and the results of 16SrRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolate belonged to Streptomyces genus with the highest similarity (90.17%) to uncultured Streptomyces sp. and it can be introduced as a new species. This isolate showed significant antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microorganisms and P. aeruginosa was the most resistant microorganism against antimicrobial activity of this isolate.

The results showed that the marine sediments of the eastern regions of Gilan province, Iran can be significant for producing antimicrobial compounds and these regions can be valuable for pharmaceutical application.

Training the skills which increase positive affect leading to a better problem solving, increase social support and has some other advantages which act as a protective factor thus decreasing depression. So this study aimed to compare the effect of mindful self-acceptance therapy and positive psychotherapy on affective capital of female students with depression.

This research was a semi-experimental study pre-test, post-test and one and a half month follow-up design with three groups. The sample consisted of 54 female students with depression at secondary high school in Isfahan who were selected based on the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned in two experimental groups and one control group. The experimental groups were treated with mindful self-acceptance therapy and positive psychotherapy. Golparvar affect capacity questionnaire were used to measure the dependent variables at pre-test, post-test and the follow up. The data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test trough SPSS-22 software.

The results showed that mindful self-acceptance therapy and positive psychotherapy had a significant effect on increasing the affective capital (P<0.05). But there was no significant difference between the two treatment groups (P>0.05).

Mindful self-acceptance therapy and positive psychotherapy were both effective treatments on increasing the affective capital of female students with depression and training them both can change female student’s sentiments about life thus treating depression as a consequence.

Diabetes is a chronic disease which involves a high risk of disability and death, especially when the lifestyle of the patient doesn’t fit the patient’s illness, following up to medical treatment is low or irregular and the person does not adhere to self-care behaviors. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on self-care and HbA1C in type II diabetes.

This experimental research used an available sampling with pre-test post-test design with control group. 60 clients of diabetes who were referred to the oil industry hospital were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group, in addition to its routine medical treatment, received ACT treatment in 8 sessions of 120-minute in weekly sessions. While the control group only continued their routine medical treatment. The execution time of self-care questionnaire was weekly and blood test in both groups was before and after the implementation of the study.

Covariance analysis tests was used to analyze data of HbA1C and repeated measurements was used for self-care dates. Results showed that in the intervention group, the level of HbA1C was significantly lower (P<0.001) and Self-care behaviors increased significantly every 8 weeks (P<0.001) compared to the control group.

Considering the findings of this study, the acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) can be effective in improving the type-2 diabetes self-care and reducing levels of HbA1C leading to decreased morbidity and mortality rate.

Beta-thalassemia, with over 2 million carriers of β-thalassemia, is one of the most common genetic diseases in Iran. Identification of beta-globin gene mutations is necessary for a specific diagnostic and management program, such as prepartum diagnosis of β-thalassemia. This study aimed to investigate common mutations in β-thalassemia patients in Iranian populations using the SNaPshot method.

In this descriptive study, 10 cc venous blood sample with EDTA were collected from 20 patients of medical genetics laboratory in Tehran and Ahvaz who were identified in the marriage-screening plan and after obtaining written consent and completing the questionnaire. Then, DNA was extracted by boiling method and SNaPshot method was used to determine mutations. Finally, data were analyzed with geen maper software.

In this study, frequency of common beta-thalassemia mutations showed that IVS II-1/30% was the most common mutation of Fsc8-9 (20%), Fsc36-37 (15%), IVS I -5 (10%) and IVS II mutations (5%).

The results of the study indicate that the difference in prevalence between the present study and other studies could be due to the scattered statistical population and fewer samples taken because this study focuses more on the efficacy of SNaPshot technique in diagnosis.

In the contemporary world most people's lives have been affected by modern communication technologies such as mobile phones and computers. The entrance of mobile phones into daily communication and usage has led to new changes in medical and health perspectives. In fact, “Text Neck Syndrome" is a worrying situation and has the potential to affect millions of people around the world.

The search articles was done in databases PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and due to the widespread use and prevalence of Smartphone use in the past decade, articles about the years 2010 up to 2019 were extracted. To extract the articles, was used from the related keyword. Then, considering the main subject of the present study and criteria inclusion and exclusion, 10 articles were selected for final investigation.

After reviewing the full text of 10 articles related to the study subject that were chosen for the final review, the results of those articles are described briefly in Table 1 and completely in the discussion section. There is a direct relationship between the duration of phone calls, playing with mobile phones, browsing and the number of texting during the day and musculoskeletal disorders.

The text neck syndrome can cause forward head and rounded shoulder postures, as well as chronic pain in the neck, shoulders, hands, and fingers.

In the contemporary world most people's lives have been affected by modern communication technologies such as mobile phones and computers. The entrance of mobile phones into daily communication and usage has led to new changes in medical and health perspectives. In fact, “Text Neck Syndrome" is a worrying situation and has the potential to affect millions of people around the world.

The search articles was done in databases PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and due to the widespread use and prevalence of Smartphone use in the past decade, articles about the years 2010 up to 2019 were extracted. To extract the articles, was used from the related keyword. Then, considering the main subject of the present study and criteria inclusion and exclusion, 10 articles were selected for final investigation.

After reviewing the full text of 10 articles related to the study subject that were chosen for the final review, the results of those articles are described briefly in Table 1 and completely in the discussion section. There is a direct relationship between the duration of phone calls, playing with mobile phones, browsing and the number of texting during the day and musculoskeletal disorders.

The text neck syndrome can cause forward head and rounded shoulder postures, as well as chronic pain in the neck, shoulders, hands, and fingers.