نشریه پژوهش در ورزش تربیتی
پیاپی 20 (پاییز 1399)

The present study was conducted to develop a Pattern of educational sports development in education during health crises situation such as COVID-19 pandemic. The methodology of present study is of mixed (quantitative and qualitative) type. The statistical population was sports management experts and specialists familiar with the subject of educational sports in education with more than 10 years’ work experience. Sampling methods were targeted and theoretical saturation index and communication software were used for online interviewed with 18 experts and experts. The Delphi technique was used in three stages for Validity of qualitative section, so that the findings were presented in three stages for participant and their point of view were applied. To confirm Reliability, the retest method was used and the results showed that the relationship between the percentages of agreement within the subject is equal to 0.91, which is appropriate. After identifying the factors affecting the development of educational sports, the factors in the matrix table were compiled as a questionnaire and provided to the research sample and they were asked to complete the questionnaires based on the ISM method. To determine the causal relationships of the indicators, the structural-interpretive modeling method was used and Micmac software was used to draw the model. Finally, 7 major categories including re-needs assessment, strategy formulation, two-way communication, correction of virtual education processes, operational plans, use of global models and factors affecting development were identified as indicators of educational sports development model in education during health crises.

The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive model for talent identification in Iranian championship sport. Considering the exploratory nature of the subject, the method of qualitative research and the theorizing approach based on the data was used. First, through the initial studies and the systematic review of related resources, the introductory inventory of effective signs was identified. In the following, 23 semi-structured interviews with well-known experts were conducted on purposeful and snowball method. The interviews continued to reach theoretical saturation. The open coding results indicated that 296 primary marks and 38 final figures were extracted. In the axial coding, the final marks were classified in 12 concepts and 4 main categories. Finally, the identified categories derived from selective coding include, respectively, the talent identification process, model management, environmental factors and key stakeholders. The theoretical model derived from the findings of this study can help managers and policy makers of championship sport to use the appropriate stakeholders and determine the role for each trusted organization to address the interfering factors and accelerate the development of talent identification in championship sports.

agencies such as ministries. Unfortunately, Sports Celebrity Endorsement Advertisement have failed to achieve the goals in Iran due to lack of appropriate laws and regulations, as well as the existing cognitive and legal lack of knowledge. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the governing, territorial, and legal standards related to sports Celebrity Endorsement advertisement in Iran. The research is developmental based on the objective and qualitative based on the method in which content analysis was implemented. The population included sports lawyers, advertisers, policy makers and sports managers without any special number of participants in advance, as well as legal documents related to validating advertisements in Iran and other selected countries. Finally, 15 experts were selected by using purposive sampling and interviewed based on a semi-structured interview. Regarding the documents, 12 documents were analyzed based on analytical saturation criteria for analysis. The quality of the findings was verified by recoding some of the data. The set of encodings, along with a host of remarks by the researcher indicated that legal criteria include two categories of new laws, and reforming and strengthening the existing laws. Policy should be made in the areas including religious , national , cultural , ethical , sports, and sociological values. In addition, governance criteria were divided into political and economic management. Thus, it is possible to formulate advertising rules for sports figures and provide the basis for promoting advertising indicators by considering the legal policy-making criteria for sports figures.

The purpose of this study is model designing for empowering indicators of physical education training based on the modern educational technology. the research method was qualitative based on the Ground Theory of Strauss and Corbin's approach to design a paradigmatic model of empowering indicators of physical education. The statistical population of this study was all masters with associate professor degrees, and the statistical sample was selected on the theoretical saturation. The reserch tool was a semi-structured interview, which was used to collect data by 18 experts viewpoint in the physical education field. the output of the research was a paradigmatic model of the empowering indicators of physical education training that was consisting of causal, pivotal, intervening conditions, strategies and outcomes. Codes mentioned in the first stage of coding are open coding in several concepts such as academic honor, educational facilities, educational content, educational evaluation system, educational management system, educational planning, student-related factors, masters -related factors. Also in the second stage of coding, pivotal coding was identified with the educational empowerment factors and sub-levels such as individual, managerial, and professional. Finally, for effective educational strategies, it was found that many of the educational empowerment factors in physical education need to be sought at the three individual, intermediate, and macro levels.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of social support and quality of life on the eudaimonic well-being of Veterans and Disabled athletes participating in volleyball championships in Iran.

The research was descriptive and its design was correlational. The statistical population of the study consisted of all veteran and disabled athletes who participated in the national championship in 2019 and 99 were selected through available sampling. Research tools included the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire - Short Form (1996), eudaimonic well-being (Waterman et al., 2010), and social support (Wax et al., 1986). Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data.

The findings of this study showed that social support had a direct and significant effect on quality of life, and quality of life had a direct and significant effect on eudaimonic well-being. Social support also had a direct and significant effect on eudaimonic well-being. The results indicated a significant and indirect effect of social support on eudaimonic well-being through quality of life.

The findings indicated the importance of the role quality of life as a mediator in promoting the eudaimonic well-being of veteran and disabled athletes, thus enhancing quality of life and social support can enhance the eudaimonic well-being of athletes. Hence, the welfare and veterans' organizations, the veterans and sports organizations as caretakers of support for disabled and veteran athletes can play a role in improving social interactions and ultimately the eudaimonic well-being of these people.

The study was conducted by Q methodology aimed to discover the experts' mental model about sport development strategies with regards to its educational aspects at Farhangian University. The study base on the objective was of applied research, and with respect to nature was exploratory and descriptive and because of Q-methodology was of mixed researches. The population of the study included all the elite professors and experts, sports veterans at university, administrative directors, and supervisors who were active in this area. The research method was purposive and snowball sampling. In order to do this study, Q chart with semi-normal distribution with mandatory distribution was used. Sorted data of participants were entered into SPSS software so that various mentalities of participants be identified using Q factor analysis. Based on the findings of this study, 9 distinctive mental paradigms regarding sports development strategies with the educational approach were identified at Farhangian University. Extracted mental paradigms included external motivational factors, development of appropriate and standardized facilities and equipment, paying attention to the physical, educational and psychological needs of individuals, the possibility of family and friends cooperation in activities, the internalization of the value of participation in sports programs at Farhangian University. The management of Farhangian University with regard to extracted mental models can facilitate the development of sport in the university and guide its organization towards the higher educational goals of the university.Keywords: Subjective patterns, Sport development, Farhangian University, Q methodology

The purpose of this study was to examining the barriers affecting the admission and observance of environmental policies and regulations in sport. The present research was mix method research that carried out in qualitative and quantitative methods. The statistical population of the study included elites and experts in the field of sport and environment. The sampling method was purposeful. For this purpose, 12 elites and experts were selected as the sample of the study. The instrument for collecting this research was a semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire. In the quantitative analysis have been used Structural Equation Method with PLS approach and Electre method and use of Solver Electre method. The qualitative research results showed that 21 effective Micro barrier were obtained for the admission and observance of environmental policies and regulations in sport through interviews, which were categorized in 5 categories of economic, political, cultural, technical and legal barriers. Regarding the results of the method of Electre, it has been determined that a legal barrier with an overloading number of 4 is the most important barrier to the adherence and observance of environmental laws and policies in sport. Also, technical barriers with the number of overtakes were another important obstacle in admitting and observing environmental regulations and policies in sport. Also, technical barriers with the number of overtakes were another important obstacle in admitting and observing environmental laws and policies in sport.

The purpose of this study is to present a model of strategies for improving the effectiveness of Sports teaching methods in primary schools in Iran with the grounded theory approach. This research has a qualitative approach and the method of data theory (grounded theory) has been used as a research method. The method of data collection, the study of theoretical fundamentals and open and deep interviews with 13 outstanding professors in the field of sports management specializing in the field of sports schools as well as elite country teachers of the country. Sampling method was purposefully and to the extent of theoretical saturation. The validity of this research was examined by interviewees and then specialist professors and confirmed. Reliability was also achieved through the use of the results of the audit process of the results of 77.9%. For data analysis, continuous comparison method has been used during three stages of open, axial and selective coding. Analysis of the data showed that 23 conceptual codes and 13 main categories are the most important strategies for improving the effectiveness of the teaching method of sport in primary schools of Iran.

The purpose of this study was to designing the strategic model for the development of student sport in schools in North Khorasan province. The research method is developmental and the data base method and qualitative analysis were used to realize the research goals. All of the teachers, expert teachers, and administrators of student-athletic organizations form the statistical population of the study. Due to the qualitative research, 21 people were selected as statistical sample using snowball sampling technique. Data analysis was done based on the analysis of the fundamental data theory through open, axial and selective coding. According to the results of research, human resources, financial resources, space and equipment, training and extracurricular curriculum as causal, managerial, cultural-social, media and technology factors, sport-science as contextual and financial, political, economic factors. And administrative issues were identified as intervening conditions and in various areas (structural development, managerial measures, human resource development, revenue development, space and equipment development, cultural development and development of extracurricular programs) student development strategies. The findings also showed that the development of student sport will have consequences for educational, religious, moral and educational consequences, economic and professional education, science and technology, social, biological and physical education, aesthetic and artistic. As a result, human resource development has become one of the strategies of student sport development, It is suggested to improve managers' familiarity with management skills by planning for specialized training courses and training of specialists to enter the student sports sector.

The aim of this study was to examine the level of physical literacy for 8-12 years students. The method was descriptive with field studies. The sample included all second to sixth grades in Tehran. 284 students in 8 elementary schools were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Physical Literacy Test with 4 domains of Physical competence, Daily physical activity, Motivation and self-confidence, and Knowledge and understanding was used to collect data. The results showed the low level of physical literacy for students. It was also found that there is a significant difference between the scores of physical literacy with gender, age and body mass index, so that The boys' group had higher physical literacy and As the age increased, the level of physical literacy improved, which was less than the period from the terminal Childhood to adolescence, In addition the students with obesity and overweight BMI had fewer physical literacy than those with a recommended BMI. As a result of the studies, it was found that 8-12 years students do not have an acceptable level of physical literacy. This suggests that second-grade students up to the sixth grade have an active lifestyle and consequently they are far from the active and healthy life style. And if not taking this seriously, this group's health from a society may come with different physical, emotional, psychological and motor health risks in the future