Journal of the Persian Gulf (Marine Science)
Volume:9 Issue: 34, Winter 2018

In addition to introducing foraminiferal communities, this study aims to investigate the relationships of these communities with the environmental parameters of water and sediment. Nine sediment samples were collected in 2019, from three stations in Qeshm Island. Environmental conditions including temperature, DO, salinity, pH, grain size, TOM, and CaCO3 were measured. Our results revealed that grain size, TOM, and DO factors controlling the diversity and distribution of benthic foraminifera. Thirty-five species from 26 genera and 21 families of foraminiferchr('39')s assemblages were identified where Quinqueloculina was the most abundant genus in all stations.

Plotosidae marine catfish Plotosus lineatus reportedly have an extra-branchial salt secreting dendritic organ (DO) unlike other marine teleosts. 10 days acclimation in three salinity ranging from [seawater (SW control) 34‰, brackishwater (BW) 3‰ and hypersaline water (HSW) 60‰] was used to investigate the osmoregulatory abilities of P. lineatus through measurements of physiological parameters including blood chemistry, Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) activity and ion transporter expression in DO and gills using immunohistochemistry. A significant osmoregulatory challenge results from elevated mortality (36%), plasma osmolality and ions, and hematocrit in HSW. At all salinities DO NKA activity and protein were significantly higher than gills. DO mass thus total DO NKA activity was higher, indicating higher overall capacity at HSW. NKA and NKCC1 co-localization was rare in gills ionocytes while it was observed strong in DO parenchymal cells. Using IB detected NKCC1 expression only in DO which was highest at HSW and DO NKA-IR cells showed apically CFTR localization. Taken together, the observed high NKA activity in DO, strong basolateral localized with NKCC1 and apical CFTR indicates the presence of the conserved secondary active Cl- secretion mechanism found in other ion transporting epithelia.

 Considering a large number of beaches in the south and the north of the country, the issue of sedimentation in ports and erosion of beaches around the marine structures has great importance, and not paying attention to it can affect the efficiency of the port. One of the most important parameters in the detailed study of coastal sediment transport is the directional spreading of waves in this study by using Delft-3D software, the effect of directional spreading in the sediment transport is investigated. The results of this study show that wave height, changes in radiation stress gradient and flow velocity will change with a change in directional spreading. Simulation with a constant directional spreading coefficient reduces the accuracy of the results.

Ocean preservation has been getting an indispensable goal for the international policy as human activities increasingly endanger the ocean ecosystemchr('39')s integrity, which is usually summarized as “ocean health.” Marine debris is one of the significant challenges for humankind and one of the greatest menaces to the sustainability of marine ecosystems throughout the world. marine debris produces a large-scale kind of unfavorable ocean health, safety, environmental, economic, and cultural impacts. The present study discusses the environmental, Socio-economical, and biological consequences of marine debris on the ocean. Finally, it provides practical solutions to decreasing these pollutantschr('39') adverse effects on ocean health.

In most ecological studies, traditional biodiversity indices such as the Shannon have generally been used in assessing species diversity. New taxonomic distinctness indices have been considered phylogenetic relatedness of species and provide more information for ecologists. In the present contribution traditional species richness index along taxonomic distinctness indices were used to evaluate amphipods communities of Chabahar Bay. Sampling was carried out in 19 stations during December 2016. We identified 21 species belong to 14 genera and 12 families. Amplisidae was the most abundant family. Shannon index was 0-2.9 with average value of 1.2. The highest distribution of amphipod communities was on the east, northeast and southwest coasts of the bay. The highest average taxonomic distinctness index (AvTD) was calculated for west, southwest and southeast. Therefore, considering that higher taxonomic distinctness indices indicate more suitable ecological conditions, it can be concluded that the middle part of Chabahar Bay has more unfavourable ecological conditions for amphipods and other macrobenthos.

Coastal environments are always under the pressure of natural processes such as erosion, sedimentation, natural disasters as well as human projects. These threats have made coastal areas a priority for coastline monitoring and sustainable coastal management programs. In this paper, algorithms for separating water and land boundaries as well as new sub-pixel methods are presented with the aim of dividing large pixels (with low resolution and spatial accuracy) into smaller pixels and creating a classified map with better spatial resolution. Different water identification indices and machine learning algorithms were investigated, and two models of Spatial Attraction Models were implemented. Results showed that the Sub-pixel / Sub-pixel Spatial Attraction Model had more capacity in providing higher resolution and precision, while provided 10% reduction in error when compared with observations. To skill assess these two methods, the difference in areas created by each method compared to the reference shoreline (high resolution aerial image) was computed. Also, in order to accurately evaluate and show the high accuracy of sub-pixel algorithms, the results of these algorithms should be examined by conventional classification methods. The creation of such models is proposed to support integrated coastal management in the Persian Gulf region for future studies.

Many elements such as Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn), and others are major environmental problems due to their toxic nature, nonbiodegradability and accumulative behaviors. There are anthropogenic or geogenic sources that accumulate or rotate elements in sediments. Sediments served as excellent indicator of metal pollution in coastal environments as larg inputs (>90 %) of heavy metals ultimately find their way to the estuarine zone and on the continental shelf. Twenty one samples of superficial deposits were collected from the 3- 47 meter depths during the summer of 2019 using a grab sampler. In the present investigation, bulk concentration of elements in sediments measured and assessed. The degree of Contamination Factor (CF), Enrichment Factor (EF), and Geo- accumulation Index (IGeo) was evaluated. Cluster analysis and dendrogram in other assesses guid our to some anthropogenic or geogenic sources in studied area.

Today, many satellites over land cover and land water produce high-quality images of different uses. The conditions for access to these images are such that it can be used for several years to study the phenomena of aquatic ecosystems, such as wetlands, and at the same time identify their changes. Length- The temporal and spatial distribution pattern of primary production is useful for studying global climate change. In this study, using Landsat images from 1985 to 2017 and their initial processing, the average initial production (based on O.E.C.D) for Choghakhor International Wetland was determined. The results show that the wetland is in terms of chlorophyll-a and secchi disk depth (SDD) in the middle of mesotrophic and towards eutrophication.