نشریه مطالعات مدیریت شهری
پیاپی 36 (زمستان 1397)

The purpose of this research is to identify international indicators for studying urban development in Tehran with using urban governance model.

the method used in this research is combined research that for making components and indicators at first, data was collected by using field method (interviews with exploratory study) and identified by qualitative method of theme analysis of components and indicators. Also, to assess the validity of achieved model quantitative method (using the scrolling and distribution of the questionnaire for confirmatory factor analysis) was used. In the first stage for theme analysis The statistical population in this research include previous research and all internal and external scientific articles that contained the key word for urban governance indicators. In the meantime, 8 scientific studios internal articles and 15 valid external articles were identified that all of them were studied. In the second part, the statistical society consists of experts from Studying and Planning Center of Tehran city. In the second part also for studying validity of the model The statistical population consists of all zone one municipality managers of Tehran.

The results of the analysis revealed that 62 themes were identified in the interview and then, with the help of confirmatory factor analysis, among them, 50 topics were finally selected and the indices were extracted from them.

Finally, indicators were categorized in the municipality in 8 areas of citizen participation with municipality, efficiency and effectiveness, citizens' accountability, transparency, legality, consensus orientation, justice, and strategic vision within municipality. The conclusions obtained from measurement model in the state of standard estimate and also T-value demonstrate appropriate validity of indicators.

The main purpose of this descriptive-survey study was to investigate the role of urban planning and environmental regulation in preventing environmental Violations. Statistical population of this research comprises all 256 managers, supervisors and experts of the 16 municipalities in Guilan province. Bartlett et al. was used for determining sample size (120). Data were collected through a questionnaire. To obtain validity of questionnaire; content and face validity were used. As well, to obtain reliability of questionnaire Cronbach’s alpha was used (0.869). To accomplish analysis of data, SPSSV19 and LISREL8.80 software were used in descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of goodness of fit showed that Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA) was equal to 0.00, Level of significant was equal to 0.695 and also Chi Square/df ratio (X2/df) was equal to 0.958. Based on the standard coefficients, the educational factors (1.14), monitoring factors (1.87) and infrastructure factors (0.75), had a strong correlation with the role of urban management. The result also showed that monitoring factors had the strongest effect in the role of urban management and preventing environmental violation. Educational and infrastructure factors were at a later stage.

The sense of belonging to the place leads to the formation of an existential base in individuals with varying levels of social and physical dimensions. The present study is intended to identify and categorize the effective indicators on the formation of a sense of belonging to the place.

To answer this question, three residential complexes of Al-Ghadir, Abrisham and Tak Masuleh were selected in Rasht and analyzed using analytic-descriptive method. Using field method, residents' views of these complexes were collected through questionnaires in the field of physical elements affecting the sense of belonging to the place and finally analyzed using SPSS software. Given the unlimited population, the sample size was calculated to be 384 according to the optimal Cochran volume formula. The original questionnaire was then filled out with 35 questions between 390 executive samples.

The results of the findings suggest that the physical strategies in environmental design, such as physical clarity, functional diversity, memorable spaces, urban furniture and green space, with coefficients 0/084, 0/119, 0/193, 0/084 and 0/087.

And the significance level of less than 0.05 is a direct correlation with increasing sense of belonging to the place. Thus, considering the physical features expressed, it is possible to design.

 One of the dimensions of urban contemporization is social. Cultural experiences are considered as stimuli of contemporization. For this reason, the reproduction of place for the basis of the application of cultural experiences must be the basis of many contemporization plans. The present study is an attempt to develop a place-based contemporization approach. It seems that there is a meaningful relationship between the underlying factors, developmental factors, foresighting, social interactions and unconscious reproduction, and the location-based contemporization approach in these spaces.

The present study requires a qualitative approach; hence the basis of the research ontology is free research. In this paper, to evaluate the content validity according to the experts in terms of the amount of coordination between the measurement tool and the purpose of the research, two methods of qualitative and quantitative are used. Cronbach's alpha method was used to assess the reliability of research tools. In order to achieve the main goal of the paper, structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) have been used to assess the validity of described environmental features.

Finally, it can be said that the orientation of this research in the field of describing the place-based contemporization approach can be provided in five main dimensions of "underlying factors", "developmental factors", "social processes", "prospective factors", "everyday interactions", and "unconscious reproduction".  

In general, it can be concluded that the unconscious reproduction factor has the greatest impact on the place-based contemporization approach. Local knowledge, use of place, and interactions and experiences are among the criteria that influence this process. The criterion of everyday interactions and experiences has the greatest impact on the unconscious reproduction and, consequently, on the process of the place-based contemporization.

The purpose of this research is to measure the dimensions of urban quality of life in the context of the worn out texture through objective and subjective aspects and ultimately provide a solution for improving the quality of urban life in the context of the worn-out texture of the Ali Abad neighborhood of Khorramabad city.

The present research is based on the initial data. In order to collect the initial data, a sample survey was conducted in the studied area.380 questionnaires were prepared to determine the quality of life in the territory of the worn out tissue.

The findings of this study showed that transport, housing, urban governance and recreational accessibility have the greatest effect on the level of life satisfaction in the worn out tissue. By planning for the improvement of these components, the level of life satisfaction can be found in this area has been raised.

Physical variable is effective on mental aspects of quality of life. That is, by increasing a standard deviation in the variable of physical dimensions, the amount of life satisfaction and mental dimensions of quality of life will increase the same amount. Also, according to the results of regression, it was determined that the agent of housing does not have the greatest effect on the physical quality of the urban environment and this is the transport factor that has the most effect.

The most important factors in group and individual migration, at least in the past two centuries, with a brief look at the immigration phenomenon have been factors such as war, poverty and unemployment. Although immigration can have very negative economic, social and psychological impacts for immigrant and their populations, on the other hand, it can have positive cultural, social and economic issues. This paper seeks to examine and investigate the effects and consequences of Afghan immigration. In this regard, over thirty years of presence of Afghan refugees in Iran has been attended by many movie maker and various films and serials have been made on this matter that have encountered with positive and negative reactions at the national and international levels. The subject of the research was to study the role of cinema in accepting and refusing Afghan refugees in Iran with an emphasis on Iranian cinema in the 2000s. According to its importance, Cinema, due to its impact on the minds of the community can act realistic in creating people's attitudes towards the acceptance of Afghan refugees by creating clear and positive images or themes or even conversely, as an informative tool.

Analytical-descriptive quantitatively and qualitatively as the spss method is used to express the data and analyze the survey. The main indicators of the statistical society include family, education, marriage, employment, government, residence and war.

The coding of research variables including personality, acceptance of self and others, social trust, lifestyle, social security, economic development, and policy making, based on the conceptual model of research have been done. Also, war is the most effective factor, based on observation and surveys, in accepting and refusing Afghan refugees, which seventy percent of people have referred to.

The 2000s cinema of Iran has played a role in accepting and denying Afghan refugees. Also, in ​​policy-making, it is quite evident, the lack of planning of the state and the law enforcement agencies in confronting with Afghan refugees.

Urban settlements have become more complex, and, consequently, instability has increased in these settlements. In this regard, the urban community, especially in its contemporary and modern forms, has been exposed constantly to a wide variety of threats. Much of the damage caused by these hazards, more than the result of unexpected events, is a predictable result of the interaction of three major systems: the physical environment (including hazards), social and demographic characteristics, and moreover the mechanism is the management and planning system. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the vulnerability of Farahzad neighborhood and identify the effective factors on it. Farahzad neighborhood due to the non-chemical and erosive texture and the location near the Laser land fault in the event of an earthquake, the damage caused by it will be doubled.

In this regard, the present study uses a descriptive-analytical method and has developed a comprehensive index and application of the AHP model in ArcGIS environment to analyze the vulnerability of Farahzad neighborhood. Also, the questionnaire was distributed among the residents of the neighborhood. The sample size is selected using the Cochran formula according to the neighborhood population. Thus, according to the population of 5931, 357 people have been selected as the sample size. Pearson and regression tests were used to analyze the questionnaire.

The findings show that the quality of the building is the most important factor in reducing vulnerability to possible earthquakes. It was also found that Farahzad neighborhood is not in desirable position as a vulnerability, with 28% having high vulnerability and 13% high vulnerability. Finally, for analyzing the effective components of vulnerability reduction, the questionnaire was evaluated and analyzed by Pearson test and multivariate regression. The results of the test analysis indicate that the physical-environmental index in the first place, and then the institutional-management index, are an effective factor in reducing vulnerability.

The existence of major weaknesses in the physical structure of the neighborhood, especially its passageways, has caused the region to be more vulnerable to crises during the crisis. In terms of institutional management, this neighborhood also has a lot of challenges. The necessity of paying attention to the crisis management agent is related to the management factors, so that the implementation of educational maneuvers and monitoring of construction can reduce the vulnerability of the neighborhood seriously.