International Journal of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Science
Volume:13 Issue: 2, Spring 2024

The literature consistently emphasizes the significance of primary formal education in addressing social inequalities, fostering inclusivity, reducing stereotypes, and promoting critical thinking regarding discrimination, violence, and prejudice. However, the lack of specialized undergraduate studies for teachers raises questions about their cultural competence and their ability to effectively teach and cultivate appropriate attitudes and values. This research aimed to evaluate the cultural competence skills of preschool teachers, explore social inequalities, and develop an intervention plan. A quantitative study was conducted, involving the translation and validation of a cultural competence measurement scale, which was then administered to preschool teachers. The survey included 532 participants, consisting of 500 women and 32 men, with 27 individuals having received training or postgraduate specialization in intercultural education. Data analysis was performed using SPSS (v. 28). The study revealed that teachers possess a high level of knowledge in cultural matters and demonstrate good cultural awareness; however, their cultural abilities are limited. The survey results provide valuable insights for ongoing intervention design. In conclusion, while preschool teachers exhibit satisfactory theoretical knowledge of cultural work, weaknesses are identified in the acquisition of skills, attitudes, and behaviors.

The main issue of this article is to compare image in the poems of Nima and Forough Farrokhzad from the perspective of the romantic image. The romantic image of the epistemological and aesthetic nature is fundamentally different from the classical, symbolic, and surrealistic. The author has tried to explain the nature of the romantic image in three parts: In the first part, explains the special features of romantic imagery with the discussion of four characteristics: Transformation in nature, shadow of the image, dynamics, and individuality in the image. In the second section, the relationship between the images and the position of the image in the context of the poem is examined by two characteristics of continuity and maturity. The paper is based on a descriptive-analytical method based on a library method. Identifying how Persian poetry deals with literary schools and how the influence and role of image in this transformation and evolution is one of the most important goals of the research, which has received little attention. Literary schools in each period have been able to impose unique themes and methods of imagery in the Persian language, which can be traced in the form of modern imagery. One of the other goals of the research is to know the mutual influence of content and image in the form of contemporary literary schools and imagery. Furthermore, the role of the poet's creativity and social perspective on the process of illustration is examined.

Understanding contemporary perspectives on telehealth and its impact on human lifestyle and behavior is crucial for informing public health initiatives, one of which is telemedicine-a rapidly expanding discipline that utilizes electronic information and communication tools to provide healthcare services remotely. Telemedicine has gained increasing interest due to its demonstrated practical efficacy, cost, and time savings, enhanced patient and clinician satisfaction, and positive impact on patient mortality and quality of life. The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the telehealth significance in addressing ongoing healthcare needs while reducing in-person clinic visits and limiting human exposures. Our findings suggest that the benefits of telemedicine include overcoming geographic barriers, making it especially beneficial for rural and underserved populations. However, there are still challenges to widespread telemedicine implementation, such as a lack of technological literacy, concerns about losing a personal connection with healthcare providers, and apprehension about communicating sensitive information. This review examines telemedicine as a current scenario and the potential of integrated IT-based solutions at the global and Indian levels, drawing from exploratory research articles, reviews, perspectives, and policy documents. The need and significance of telemedicine in incentivizing healthy behavior are also discussed herein.

Most people consider the speaking skill to be the most important language skill; Because it is more visible than other skills and directly affects communication with others. Due to the importance of this skill, many English language educational institutions emphasize it more than other skills or even organize free discussion courses so that students can gain a better command of English conversation. Speaking skill is the most important way of your communication with others, without which you will face major problems in a foreign country. For this reason, many people who intend to immigrate to an English-speaking country try to improve their speaking skills more than anything else. In order to be able to express your thoughts correctly when speaking, you need to know a lot of words and phrases. In fact, learning new words is one of the basic abilities in any language that helps the learner to expand his knowledge and strengthen his skills. In other words, learning words and phrases has a direct effect on strengthening all four skills of reading, listening, speaking and writing. However, it is better to remember that memorizing a large amount of aimless vocabulary and necessary techniques will not only not help your language knowledge, but can also cause confusion.

The main nutritional problems of the country are malnutrition due to low protein and energy intake (PEM), iodine deficiency, iron deficiency and anemia caused by it. Vitamin A deficiency and other deficiencies including B vitamins such as vitamin B2 and vitamin D deficiency have also been reported in children. The increase in need during this period is significant, especially in children who need more nutrients and micronutrients such as iodine and iron in growth spurts. The difference in need between girls and boys, especially during puberty, is due to the difference in the age of puberty, and after that, the need for iodine and iron is higher in girls. But after puberty, the balance of hormones in boys is such that the growth of the thyroid gland stops due to iodine deficiency in them, but in girls, the need still exists until pregnancy. For this reason, after puberty, goiter is 5 to 6 times more common in women than men. The analysis of the findings shows that there is a significant difference between the learning level of students who have used proper nutrition and students who have not received proper nutrition. Also, the level of learning in students who are fed is higher than the level of learning of students who did not use proper nutrition.

Error patterns in these children are produced in a constant manner with specific errors. The performance of these children is poor in phonological awareness, trans linguistic and reading and writing tasks. Children with stable phonological disorders perform normally in oral motor tasks and speech motor planning. Children who show such errors have language-cognitive defects in linguistic rules. It may be difficult for children to learn to pronounce words correctly. This is actually a part of their growth process. Over time, their speaking skills gradually improve. Children at any age master certain words. Most children at the age of 8 can pronounce all the sounds of different letters well and correctly. But some children have problems in pronouncing the sounds of letters and words. This means that they are unable to pronounce some sounds and words that should be pronounced without problems at their age. This disorder makes it difficult for the child to understand the lessons. Disturbance in pronouncing sounds includes the child's "Phoneme expression disorder" and "Problem in phonological process": Phoneme expression disorder: In this type of speech disorder, it is difficult for the child to pronounce some sounds correctly. For example, pronunciation of phonemes that requires special movements of the tongue in the mouth. Like the vowels "L" and "R" are difficult for him. Disturbance in the phonological process: A child with this type of speech disorder has wrong repetitions in pronouncing words. For example, he does not pronounce some phonemes of a word.