نشریه مطالعات سیاسی
پیاپی 59 (بهار 1402)

After Russia's military invasion of Ukraine and the deepening of the gap between Russia and the Western world, many concerns arose about the consequences and impact of these developments on the process of Iran's nuclear negotiations. And the tension that has arisen among the countries involved in Iran's nuclear case, what path will Iran's nuclear negotiations take? In this regard, 5 views have been formed among analysts, which show a spectrum from the ineffectiveness of the Ukraine crisis on Iran's nuclear negotiations to its maximum effectiveness. Based on this, the main question here is what effect does the Ukraine crisis have on the nuclear negotiations of the Islamic Republic of Iran? This article has been written with a descriptive and analytical approach and tries to investigate this issue and by considering the available evidence and by adhering to the theory of chaos and the butterfly effect, the result obtained is that despite the existence of different views and perspectives. and sometimes contradictory; The crisis in Ukraine has affected Iran's nuclear negotiations, and this effect has led to the pursuit of de-escalation policies by the majority of countries involved in this issue. Therefore, the Islamic Republic of Iran can continue its strengthening process in the region by taking advantage of this policy and complete the nuclear negotiations.

Historical changes are shaped by peaceful and violent events such as reform, revolution, social movements, coups, and Rebellion. Terror is a method of violent change that, depending on the strength and stability of political structures, has different effects on the course of change.Political violence is both the cause and effect of the obstruction or lack of publicly accepted and institutionalized political structures within societies. In the absence of mechanisms for the peaceful settlement of disputes within societies, Disagreements lead to conflict and are resolved outside the consensus framework by violent meansPolitical violence in Iran, despite its long history, has emerged in new forms since the constitutional movement, influenced by domestic and foreign historical developments, and has become one of the most common methods of political action by expelled or out-of-power groups.The ideological roots of groups prone to violence, especially misinterpretations of Islam and the belief in the effectiveness of armed struggle, along with the political and structural obstruction of peaceful participation in contemporary Iran, have made violence a seemingly effective tool for advancing their political goals.The main issue of this study is to examine the impact of the use of violence as a method of political action on the course of historical changes in Iran in the second Pahlavi periodTherefore, in this article, relying on analytical-descriptive method, the process of formation of political violence and the use of terror in contemporary Iran and its impact on the changes of the second Pahlavi period has been studied.

This research applies a descriptive-analytical approach to explain historical aspects and consequently interprets the data regarding the left movement and left wing women based on the Anthony Giddens's construction theory in the second Pahlavi dynasty.In this regard, after examining the developments of the left movement and the political and social activities of left wing women, we will try to answer the question that what effects the political and social actions of left wing women have had on the process of political development in Iran in the second Pahlavi dynasty?To answer the above question according to Giddens's construction theory, There is a mutual relationship between structure and agent which based on, the left wing women as agents of the left movement had potential to influence the political structure of the Pahlavi dynasty and play a role in establishing a developed political system.As result, this research reveals the political and social actions of left wing women, due to the political structure of the Pahlavi regime and the domination of dictatorship, had no effective role in the process of political development and establishment of a democratic system.

As a study of the relationship between political parties and economic development after the Islamic revolution in Iran, this article pays attention to the course of economic and political developments in the form of development programs. The research is a qualitative and descriptive type of analysis, which is carried out by a documentary method. The results of the survey indicate that the Islamic revolution is the result of the participation of all political groups, including religious, religious and national groups, nationalists with socialist and liberal tendencies, and economic and political development requires the political participation of parties and groups and the economic participation of the private sector. After the revolution, these things have been seen in the country's development plans in the form of five-year plans, where the program and budget organization is the main agent of preparing the requirements and formulating the plan. Despite the fact that the Islamic Republic Party was the most comprehensive revolutionary and Islamic party, it was pulled towards isolation and closure due to differences caused by political attitudes and tendencies, without affecting the economic system and only by eliminating competitors. The parties of construction agents and the 18 groups of reforms had the most influence in Iran's economic development programs, and to the extent that the participation of the parties has decreased, the development programs have also been ineffective. So that the highest alignment and the best performance can be achieved in the third, first, second, fifth and fourth programs respectively.

The withdrawal of American forces from Kabul in August 2021 and the formation of the Islamic Emirate in Afghanistan following the escape of the country's legal government, once again turned words such as Al-Qaeda, Taliban, ISIS, extremist, radical and fundamentalist forces into the headlines of the news and analytical media. . It is very important to know where these groups originate from and what are their thoughts based on? It seems that the political thought of these groups does not lack a framework, but is supported by a set of epistemological, ontological, anthropological, sociological and epistemological data. In this article, using the hermeneutic method, we will examine the basic foundations of the political thought of Salafist Islamist groups. Groups that are mentioned under different titles such as Islamic fundamentalism, Salafi, Daesh, Taliban and the like. Of course, these groups may have differences with each other from different angles, but they have many commonalities in the basics, which are considered according to these common basics.

Ali Shariati's thoughts had a profound impact on Iran's political and social developments. One of his main works was emphasizing on the element of social responsibility in political behavior. In this framework, he redefined politics and related concepts. In this research, we have examined the theoretical foundations of Shariati's reading of politics, especially the theory of ummah and imamate, and in this framework we have answered the main question: How did Shariati redefine the main political concepts? The findings of the research show that in redefining political concepts, Shariati was influenced by the critical approach on one hand and the discourse of social democracy on the other hand. he attempt to combine both with the elements of the Shia theory of ummah and imamate and redefine political concepts in this framework. In conducting this research, the necessary information was collected through the library method and inferred using the qualitative method and descriptive-analytical approach.