فصلنامه مدیریت بحران و وضعیت های اضطراری
پیاپی 51 (زمستان 1402)

A cursory look at the wars of recent decades indicates that cities are among the initial and basic targets for the enemy during war due to the existence of centers of accumulation of material and human capital as well as the existence of sensitive, vital and important facilities and centers. Therefore, strengthening the country against threats is considered to be the most effective and sustainable method of defense, which the Supreme Leader of the Revolution and the Commander-inChief, Imam Khamenei (may God bless him and grant him peace) emphasized on it many times. Considering the importance and necessity of making the country resilient and immune to all kinds of threats from the perspective of Imam Khamenei, the current research aims to identify and analyze the key drivers of strengthening the country against threats based on the perspective of Imam Khamenei, to this main question. It will answer that from Imam Khamenei's point of view, what are the key drivers for strengthening the country against threats? The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical and it was used to collect information from library sources and publications to refer to the contents and statements of the leader related to the subject by using the Hadith Velayat software and also taking a sample from the information base of the Office of Preservation and Publication of Works. The result obtained from this research using the data sufficiency method indicates that the key drivers of making the country resistant to threats from the perspective of Imam Khamenei (the Exalted) include improving the power of effective deterrence, making the country immune to harm, taking preventive measures to continue the activities It is necessary to increase national stability and pay attention to crisis management.

Crisis management after disasters is a necessity that requires the supply and distribution of many resources, including medicine. the supply chain of pharmaceutical items needs special attention due to its complexity , importance and role in health and human life. military organizations are one of the main bases for crisis management . Due to their preparation and mastery of relief services, they are able to manage, control and the supply and distribution of medicinal items for reducing adverse effects and improve relief methods. On the other hand, in order to improve the performance of each supply chain, there is a need to recognize and analyze fundamental indicators, in order to improve the effect on supply chain factors. In the current research, first by studying and reviewing the literature and expert advice, twelve critical success factors that lead to a responsive pharmaceutical supply chain have been identified. Then, Interpretive Structural Modeling approach was used to interpret the interdependence between the selected factors. The effective factors in the cold supply chain are divided into 7 levels, the factors of information technology and the skill of the forces are the most influential factors that have the most driving power because they drive other factors and, the factors of safety and quick response had a high degree of dependence and should be considered as targets in this supply chain. The results of this research will help to understand better management in pharmaceutical supply chains during crises to carry out strategic actions by military organizations.

The outbreak of the Covid-19 implies significant changes in the way service organizations work, which affects the performance of human resource. This led to the emergence of new technologies that may reduce the hazards of the Covid-19. Accordingly, the current research was conducted with the aim of analyzing in the impact of work consequences of COVID-19 outbreak on the performance of employees according to the moderating role of information and communication technology. Based on the purpose, the research is of an applied type and in terms of nature and method, it is descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the research includes all the insurance employees of the social security organization branches of Kermanshah province in the number of 254 people, 153 people were selected based on the random sampling method and using the Cochran formula. Data collection tools were standard questionnaires of work consequences of COVID-19 outbreak by Narayanamurthy and Tortorella (2021), Employee performance by Villagrasa and et al (2019) and Information and Communications Technology by Mahmoodi (2013), whose validity was confirmed using the content validity method and their reliability was confirmed through Cronbach's alpha.Structural equation modeling method and SMART-PLS 3 software have been used to test research hypotheses. The research findings indicate that at the error level of 0.05, work consequences of COVID-19 outbreak has a positive and significant effect on human resources performance. In addition, at the error level of 0.05, the moderating role of information and communication technology in the impact of work consequences of COVID-19 outbreak on the performance of employees is positive and significant. Finally, based on the findings of the research and due to the effect of the spread of the Covid-19 on the performance of human resources, practical suggestions have been presented for the use of the studied organization and other organizations.

The purpose of this research was to phenomenology of the experiences of operational project managers of the construction camp in the face of the crisis of continued erosion of sanctions based on big data fuzzification. The method of conducting this research is applied in terms of its purpose and descriptive. Due to the use of both qualitative and quantitative methods in this research, a mixed method type is used. Sampling has been selected from the operational project managers of the construction camp. Due to the use of qualitative method, a structured interview tool was used. According to this method, the sample number was considered to include 35 successful managers in order to implement the interview process. The method of conducting the research in the quantitative research method was a survey, and researcher-made questionnaires including 33 open questions were used to measure the experiences of successful managers. The variables of the research included the ability to plan and organize in crisis conditions, the ability to lead in times of crisis, and the ability to control the organization in crisis conditions. Based on the results, the most important component of leadership ability in times of crisis, including strategies to increase profit and income, was selected. Based on the results, the most important component of production logistics service management requirements, increasing and deepening the relationship with production logistics service management requirements, human capital development was selected. Based on the results, the most important component of the organization's control power in critical conditions, market segmentation according to the type of project and requests was selected.

At different points in time, the occurrence of crisis affects all activities and puts a lot of pressure on societies. As one of the main components of any supply chain, the supplier is affected by right or wrong decisions. The supply chain in the pharmaceutical industry includes the stages of drug supply until delivery to the final consumer. The occurrence of any critical situation puts pressure on the supply chain and the process of supplying goods. In 2019, shortly after the outbreak of Covid-19, a pandemic crisis occurred and plunged all nations into conflict. With the onset of the Corona crisis, the issue of medicine and its supply became one of the biggest and most challenging issues in the world. One of the main parts of drug supply is the supplier. Therefore, suppliers and their services should be examined in order to function optimally in critical situations. This research has studied this field with the approach of fuzzy multi-criteria decisionmaking methods in Iran in order to identify and rank the criteria for choosing the best supplier in the conditions of the Corona crisis, and to perform more optimally when similar crises occur. In the first step of the research, after reviewing the background and interviewing experts, using the crisis management category, 34 criteria were identified in four categories; Then, by designing and distributing the fuzzy Delphi questionnaire, among these criteria, 13 criteria were screened. Finally, using the FDANP method, the criteria were weighted and ranked. As a result, the measure of the power of persuasion of company representatives gained the most weight; Also, the cause-and-effect relationships of criteria such as influence and effectiveness have been determined using this method, and the criterion of persuasion of company representatives is more effective.

Today, resilience is a topic that has attracted increasing interest in the business space. Uncertainty about the future, changes, developments and environmental risks have endangered the survival of today's organizations. Managers of most organizations believe that the resilience of businesses plays an important role in enabling them to invest, sell, market, trade, etc. in the future. On the other hand, the lack of a systematic and efficient study and the existence of a model about the resilience of small and medium businesses in internal and external research has become the main problem of the managers of these companies. Therefore, in this research, the factors affecting the resilience of companies have been investigated in order to adopt effective strategies in order to prevent and prevent disruptions and reduce the performance of companies using system dynamics methods. Considering the importance of the development of small and medium-sized companies in the current state of the country from the economic, security, political, health and other situations, it is necessary to prevent financial and functional helplessness and bankruptcy, therefore, the findings of this research include identifying the factors that contribute to the resistance of small and medium-sized companies with Considering environmental drivers and impulses are effective and presenting a conceptual and operational model of organizational resilience. The research method of the current research is practical in terms of its purpose and it is exploratory in terms of data collection, and the type of research data is qualitative and quantitative.