نشریه ایده های نو در تعلیم و تربیت
پیاپی 6 (بهار 1402)

-The present research was conducted with the aim of explaining the self-efficacy of teacher creativity based on the variables of positive and negative emotions and cognitive flexibility. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the research consisted of elementary school female teachers of Khoy city, 234 teachers participated in the research as a sample. The creativity self-efficacy questionnaires of Lee (2008), Chen's teacher excitement (2016) and Dennis and Vanderwaal's (2010) cognitive flexibility questionnaires were used to collect data. Data analysis was done using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression by stepwise method. The results of the data showed that teachers' creativity self-efficacy can be predicted based on positive and negative emotions and cognitive flexibility components (problem solving processing, perception of controllability). As a result, by strengthening the teacher's emotions, flexibility and successful intelligence in teaching, the self-efficacy of teachers' creativity can be increased.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between coping styles and quality of work life and work conscience with job stress in female teachers of non-profit primary schools in Rafsanjan. The research method was correlational. The statistical population of this study was 350 teachers. The sample size was 183 based on Morgan table. In this way, the list of teachers was first received from schools and conscience questionnaires were used to collect data. Regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there is an inverse relationship between problem-oriented style, quality of work life and work conscience with job stress. There is a direct relationship between emotion-centered and avoidance style and job stress. In multivariate relationship, problem-oriented strategy, quality of work life and work conscience had the most power to explain job stress, respectively, but emotion-based strategy and avoidance strategy had no role Therefore, in order to reduce job stress, training problem-based coping style, improving quality of life and promoting work conscience, should be considered.

Abstract This article aims to analyze the views of Lao Tzu and Confucius and its implications in the field of education. In total, using search engines and internet sites Google Scholar, Civilica, Mag Iran, Normagz, Scientific Information Database of Jihad Academic (SID), Irandak between 1389 and 1402 and using the main keywords of this research including; Lao Tzu, Confucius, education and educational implications were investigated. The study population of this research included 36 articles, books and research reports in a review study, which was selected and analyzed with the purposeful sampling method of 15 cases. The findings presented in the results section were obtained from the total information obtained after removing duplicate cases and merging some cases. The study of these sources showed that the educational opinions of these two prominent Chinese philosophers and thinkers had a fundamental impact on the thinking and attitude of the people of the world, especially the people of the Far East, and they have the ability to adapt to the current goals and principles of education. Considering the necessity of using contemporary and ancient educational ideas and issues and using them in operational and executive programs of schools, it is necessary to take advantage of the valuable experiences of education and training at the world level and in order to localize goals and programs according to Upstream documents, necessary actions should be taken.

The current research deals with the application of John Dewey's educational ideas in modern education with the aim of making it practical. This research is a document analysis type and has been done in a review method. In this regard and based on the results obtained: according to Dewey's point of view, true knowledge is obtained based on experiences, and education is an educational process, reorganization, reconstruction and transformation. Opinion and practice or theory and practice cannot be separated from each other and they have the same ruling. From Dewey's point of view, the goal can be seen as a laboratory where the goal is to create, play, and study nature, and children are actively interested in recreating their experiences and are constantly recreating it. The fundamental component of education in Dewey's view , experience and thinking in education. Accumulating meaningless information in the mind is not real learning and understanding. Real learning takes place through experience, that is, the impact and mutual impression of the person with the environment. And the best method of education according to John Dewey is the method of problem solving, in which the student builds a hypothesis with the problem in mind, then hypothesizes and tests the hypotheses and finally evaluates. And the most important freedom is the freedom of thought and understanding, in which a person observes and judges correctly. Dewey, relying on the principle of natural evolution, considers the foundation of existence to be the product of a process of evolution and natural selection, and this belief is the basis of the philosophy of education. puts. It is expected that the education system of the country will bring pragmatism to the fore in education by taking advantage of the positive points of Dewey's universal school of education.

Virtual space and social networks are a newly emerging phenomenon full of opportunities and threats. In recent years, the Internet has been intertwined with human life and has affected the lives of all people. The purpose of this research is to investigate the opportunities and threats of cyberspace and its impact on mental health. This research is done in a qualitative way and to collect its information, a review of related written sources in this field has been done. After reviewing the sources and authentic articles, we came to a coherent classification and classification. Virtual space and the internet have included a part of people's daily life, and of course, the media and virtual space today have turned the topic of raising children and the impact of this space on children into a worrying issue for families, as well as virtual space on health. The psyche of people is also very influential, and by knowing the opportunities and threats of cyberspace and its effects, it is necessary to use cyberspace in a positive way.

The purpose of writing this article is to make teachers more aware of the effect of the problem-solving teaching method on students' learning and to be serious about using this teaching method as a factor for more and better student learning. One of the active teaching methods is the problem solving method. In this method, by posing a problem, the teacher motivates the student and forces him to gather information and make a judgment based on this information. Learning based on problem solving has a high proportion with academic progress and increases motivation and improves the level of student's understanding, and student-centered strategies of this kind, cause the development of critical thinking and reasoning skills and foster creativity and a sense of ownership of the learner. It is related to his work. This article is a review type. The result of this article shows that the teaching method of problem solving has a positive effect on students' learning and increases their learning. If the application of problem solving method is implemented correctly in Iranian schools, it can prepare people for real life outside the classroom and formal educational environment. A mind that is used to solving problems, does not lose itself in the face of life's problems and hardships, and is far from despair and seeks to find a solution for all the problems of its life. The output of this method can lead to the cultivation of a more exalted human being and a better lifestyle.