نشریه پژوهش های به زراعی
سال پانزدهم شماره 1 (بهار 1402)

Choosing the optimal cultivation model that is both environmentally sustainable and suitable for specific climatic conditions in each geographical region can be considered as one of the efficient solutions to solve the challenges and increase the profitability of agricultural activities.For this purpose, in this study, an attempt has been made to design the optimal pattern of crop cultivation in Miandoab plain, which is the fourth most important plain of the country, located in West Azarbaijan province.Optimizing the cultivation pattern was done in the form of two separate goals of maximizing profit and minimizing water consumption.For this purpose, the required data for the three years 2016-2018 were collected from various provincial and national institutions, and the average data of the mentioned three years were used to propose the optimal pattern of crop cultivation in the form of each of the mentioned goals.In this research, 12 important crops cultivated in this plain have been used.The results showed that the two crops of rainfed chickpeas and nut sunflowers, with the cultivation of the entire agricultural lands of the plain with approximately 57 thousand hectares and 5500 hectares, respectively, and a gross profit of 1614 billion rials, were introduced as the optimal model proposed with the aim of maximizing the gross profit.became.In the proposed cultivation model with the aim of minimizing water consumption, the re-cultivation of rainfed chickpeas and nut sunflowers on an area equal to 57.600 hectares and 5300 hectares will result in the optimization of water consumption.In other words, two goals of profit maximization and water consumption minimization will be achieved by sub-cultivating dry peas and sunflower seeds.

In order to investigate the effect of Sykocel foliar application on the yield and yield components of wheat variety (Kohdasht) under drought stress conditions, An experiment was carried out at the station of the agricultural research, education and extension center of Ardabil province (Maghan) during the crop year of 2019-2019. The experiment was conducted as a factorial in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor includes psychocel with concentrations of zero (S1), 400 (S2), 800 (S3) and 1200 (S1) mg/liter and drought stress in 3 levels of full irrigation or control (D1), interruption of irrigation in Spikeing (D2) and stopping irrigation were in the seed filling stage (D3). The results showed that with the increase in the concentration of Psychocell, the height of the plant, the number of spikes per plant, the number of seeds per spike, the biological yield, the weight of one thousand seeds and the weight of the stem increased. In the condition of drought stress, the highest number of seeds per spike, spike per plant, 1000 seed weight and stem weight were obtained in the spike stage. In the stress of water shortage in the seed filling stage, the highest plant and stem height was obtained. The lowest number of seeds per spike, spike per plant, plant height, thousand seed weight, leaf weight and stem weight were observed in foliar spraying with a concentration of 0 mg/liter with the control treatment. Psychocel caused a significant increase in all traits compared to the control, which indicates an increase in plant resistance with the use of Psychocel, finally it seems that with foliar spraying with a concentration of 800 mg/liter and drought stress A higher yield can be achieved in the seed filling stage.

In order to evaluate the effect of drought stress on some characteristics of germination and seed set of commercial soybean cultivars under water stress in the research farm of Karaj Seedling and Seed Breeding Research Institute, an experiment was conducted in 1400 using a standard germination test in the laboratory. The seed analysis of Karaj Seed and Seedling Registration and Certification Research Institute was carried out factorially in the form of randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The treatments include applying 4 levels of dry stress of polyethylene glycol 6000 with potentials of 0 (no stress), 3-, 6-, and 9-MPa, on the seeds of 4 commercial soybean cultivars, Williams, Hamilton x Essex, TMS, and Bunty, produced at 3 levels. The low irrigation stress of the mother plant, irrigation after the values of 50 (optimal irrigation and control), 100 (mild stress) and 150 (severe stress) mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan were class A). The examined characteristics include: percentage of final germination, percentage of normal seedlings, percentage of abnormal seedlings, percentage of hard seeds, percentage of rotten seeds, average daily germination, average germination time, seedling length and index The length and weight of the seedlings were. The results showed that the mutual effect of drought stress, low irrigation stress and variety had a significant effect on all the examined characteristics. In the treatment of 9-MPa drought stress and without water deficit stress, the Williams variety compared to the treatment without drought stress and without water deficit stress, the average germination time was 0.90 days, the percentage of rotten seeds, hard seeds and abnormal seedlings were 0.18%, 750 respectively. 5.5% and 0.60% increase and average daily germination of 1.28 days, final germination and normal seedling decreased by 1.28% and 4.92%, respectively. In general, among the studied cultivars, Williams variety showed the best and Bunty variety showed the weakest response to low irrigation and drought stress.

In order to investigate the effect of foliar spraying of ascorbate and gibberellin on pigment content and degradation biomarkers in the medicinal plant Salvia officinalis L. under salinity stress conditions, a research was carried out in 2013 in the municipal greenhouse of Region 15. The experiment was conducted as a factorial in the form of a completely randomized design in four repetitions. Experimental agents of salinity stress at 4 levels of zero, 25, 50 and 75 mM from NaCl source, ascorbate at two levels of 0 and 4 mM and gibberellin at two levels of 0 and 2 mM are considered. became The comparison of the simple effect of salinity stress showed that this factor caused a significant decrease in the amount of chlorophylls and an increase in degradation biomarkers, although in terms of d-tyrosine content, salinity values of 50 and 75 mM were in the same statistical group. The spraying of 4 mM ascorbate and 2 mM gibberellin caused the decrease of all biomarkers and the increase of photosynthetic pigments. The results of the comparison of the mean of the significant mutual effects showed that in the situation of no application of salinity stress, the use of ascorbate did not lead to an increase in carotenoids, but in moderate salinities (50 mM) and severe (75 mM) their consumption increased carotenoid.