نشریه امنیت ملی
پیاپی 49 (پاییز 1402)

The understanding of national security in the minds of the rulers of the Islamic Republic plays a central role in the decision-making and correct behavior of policy makers and security officials, it will reduce and neutralize threats to the country.Therefore, the answer to what is the meaning of national security inthe thought of the Supreme Leader as the main question and what are the constituent elements in this concept and what are the priorities of the conceptual components of national security in the thought of the Supreme Leader Sub-questions of the research The approach of the research is descriptive and analytical, and its method is qualitative and content analysis, and data collection is also done through documents using a survey tool.All 234available documents were counted as a statistical population and were studied and content analyzed, the results indicate that many components are influential in the definition of national security. which should be paid attention to and also the most important and most priority components of the concept of national security in the thought of the Supreme Leader national interests, national unity have the highest importance and have been assigned the most frequency. Therefore, a clear understanding of the concept of national security in Islamic thought can strengthen thenative discourse of national security and help the country's governing officials and those in charge of establishing national security in recognizing their duties and responsibilities and effectively solving security issues in order to achieve a desirable level of sustainable national security.

Several factors are effective in reducing the feeling of security in the city of Tehran among the citizens. One of these factors is defenseless or crime-prone urban spaces. Defenseless or crime-prone spaces have many characteristics that can be separated into two categories, physical and social, causing the spaces to be prone to violent behavior and thus reducing the feeling of social security. Based on this, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of defenseless urban spaces on the sense of security in Tehran.A mixed method has been used in this research. In the quantitative part, a survey method was used and the required information was collected with a researcher's questionnaire from 384 people of the statistical population and the information was analyzed using a descriptive and analytical method. Based on the findings of the research, it can be said that the physical characteristics of defenseless spaces are effective in making urban spaces defenseless. Also, the sense of security among the citizens in Tehran is low on average (37%) and defenseless urban spaces affect the sense of security in Tehran in terms of personal, financial and psychological aspects, and this effect is negative and inverse. The higher the number of undefended urban spaces, the lower the level of citizens' sense of security. and social defenseless spaces to increase the sense of security in the city of Tehran.

The expansion of human knowledge and understanding about the characteristics and unknown points of phenomena is a result of methodological approaches. Therefore, one of the important categories that needs special attention in the field of urban security studies is based on research methodology. This is a methodological question that leads the researcher to how to study urban security. Therefore, the role of methodology as a link or flow of knowledge between two elements of epistemology (factor of knowledge) and ontology (object of knowledge) is very important in the field of urban security studies. Therefore, two central questions are emphasized in the research process. What are the types of research methodology frameworks in urban security studies? And what are the characteristics of the methodological framework of urban security studies? In order to answer the central questions of the research, the literature review method has been used, focusing on two methodological and theoretical review approaches. In response to the first question, the researchers propose a conceptual, technical and operational framework. Also, in explaining the features of the methodological framework of urban security studies, they propose theory – grounded, flexibility, feasibility and redundancy. In this framework, quantitative, qualitative and mixed research methodologies are related to philosophical propositions or research paradigms in a holistic, comprehensive and integrated way.

One of the main and influential factors in the success of police programs in providing public security is public participation and the strengthening of its strengthening factors. This research has been done with the aim of providing a model of mechanisms of public participation with the police in providing stable security.

The present research is qualitative in terms of applied purpose, descriptive in nature and based on the type of data. The statistical population of this research is all commanders and mission managers of high levels of the police, which was used to determine the sample from the method of purposive sampling to theoretical saturation. The expression of data collection is a semi-structured interview, the validity of which was used by the formal method and the reliability was used by the retest method. Then the data was analyzed using the content analysis method.

In total, 137 indicators were identified as mechanisms of public participation with the police in providing sustainable security, which in the form of a five-dimensional model; Informing (34 indicators), seeking participation (35 indicators), seeking participation (26 indicators), cooperation (23 indicators) and empowerment (19 indicators) were organized.

The results show that in order to provide stable security, the police should put the identified mechanisms in attracting people's participation, which are designed in the form of a model, at the top of their plans at the strategic, tactical, and executive levels.

The aim of this study was to quantitatively analyze the role of sports in the process of peace awareness and the methods of achieving it as one of the effective factors in national security. Therefore, in ten sports, wrestling, karate, judo, boxing, taekwondo, gymnastics, volleyball, golf, tennis and skiing, the views and awareness of Olympic nationals have been investigated. In this research, survey method or what Miller called specific interview was used. Due to the presence of covid-19 disease and its epidemic, the statistical sample was selected by the available method in the first half of 2018 along with notification to the federation from the set of sports disciplines and in the age group of 19 to 32 years old from all disciplines. and a maximum of 30 people in each field of choice, with a total of 204 questionnaires that could be evaluated. Examining the results of the factor analysis and the factor loadings of the questions related to the components shows that seven indicators have been confirmed for the component of peace awareness and the result of dividing the variable by chi square the degree of freedom is equal to 2.60, which is acceptable compared to the critical value. The root mean square variable of the estimation error in this model is equal to 0.057, which is its permissible limit. The result of the investigation showed the specific situation of the sports field (team and individual, and violent and non-violent, etc.)

On May 8, 2018, Donald Trump announced his country's withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal struck between Tehran and the 5+1 countries. With the announcement of Donald Trump's decision, the question arose as to what factors contributed to Trump's decision to pull out of the US nuclear deal with Iran. In answering this question, some referred to the nature of the international system and the developments that had taken place, while others emphasized the nature of the new government in the United States and even the government in Iran. Respondents considered two levels of analysis. The international system and the role of the government. However, this study implies that a third level can also be considered to examine the reasons for the United States' exit from the Iran nuclear agreement, namely an individual level. This study has shown that Trump's decision is partly due to Donald Trump himself and his personality. So there are two related arguments. First, Trump has some personality traits that lead him to make unwise decisions. These traits are a dealmaker's mind, ambition, realism, and populism. Second, Donald Trump can be influenced by others, especially those who give him the latest advice. In the case of Iran's nuclear program, the influence of John Bolton and Mike Pompeo can be shown, both of which were strongly against the deal with Iran.