نشریه شاهد اندیشه
سال چهارم شماره 2 (پیاپی 8، پاییز و زمستان 1402)

The Karbala 4 operation plan under the title "Special Tactics" was designed by the most elite war commanders after about a thousand hours of work on the maps.This operation started on December 24, 1986, in the axis of Khorramshahr to Mino Island to capture Umm Rasas and Abul Khasib Island and close the road from Basra to Faw, but due to the vigilance of the enemy and the failure to fulfill the principle of tactical and time surprise, it was not defeated. This article tries to answer these questions: Why did the Karbala 4 operation take place? Secondly: What were the reasons for its failure? Thirdly: What effects and results followed? The research method is descriptive-analytical. The findings showed that Iran started this operation to determine the fate of the war and achieve a just peace. Although it could not reach the predetermined goals and the operation was stopped after 8.5 hours. but the effects of that operation were so great that Karbala 4 cannot be counted among absolute failures; because the first essential factor in the complete ignorance of the enemy from carrying out new operations by internal forces and the lack of luck in adopting an efficient defense strategy in Shalamche region; to such an extent that by releasing many forces and leaving the battle area by the commanders, it practically caused the enemy to be completely surprised in the Karbala 5 operation.

Freedom is a sacred word that the human mind has been familiar with since the first day of creation. basically, life should be accompanied by freedom. Life without freedom has no beauty, attraction and hope. The concept of freedom is freedom from unjust restrictions with various applications. The current research aims to challenge the extent of freedom in theory and practice with descriptive-analytical method and to measure the perspective of the two civilizations of the West and Islam in this category on a critical scale. For this purpose, it seeks to answer these questions: First, where is the place of freedom in western law? Secondly: What is the opinion of Islam and contemporary jurists, especially Imam Khomeini, about freedom? Secondly: What are the similarities and differences between the two civilizations of the West and Islam regarding freedom? The findings show that the principle of freedom has been respected as one of the vital rights of humanity in both legal systems. Nevertheless, Islam's view of freedom is much more progressive than that of international law, which is concerned only with the material dimension of man, in terms of paying attention to the spiritual dimensions of man in addition to its material dimensions.

The main purpose of this research is the effects of crying on the martyrs (shahidan (from the point of view of Islam. The research method is of Basic type, which is in library form, with a reliable tool, such as the Holy Quran, Fourteen Masum's Speech, Ahadith, or narrations, commentators’ comments, researchers, and Islamic scholars took place.The working method was as follows: first, the words cry, crying, tears, tears and mustaches, mourning, killing and martyrs were discussed and some similarities or differences between them were expressed. Then the word "martyr" was analyzed. Various meanings have been proposed for the word martyr, and who is called a martyr in Islam was investigated. So, the main question of crying over the martyr was answered by referring to the tool.  The findings as follows: according to the Holy Quran, crying over a martyr) shahidan( is a sign of a person's perfection and understanding the truth and the real purpose of a martyr. It is also a sign of humility and physical and mental politeness that a person has in front of a martyr and his truth. The society should learn from the martyr and Testimony lesson People's feelings take the shape and color of that martyr's feelings. Crying over the martyr, participating in his epic, and harmony with his soul and agreeing with his cheerfulness and moving in his wave.  The result is that crying over the martyr is keeping the movement alive and crying for martyrs (Shahidan) gives peace to the hearts.

Nowadays every nation tries to protect his valuable properties, because values have significant role in human conjunction to his past and can joint his new culture to the past. For this purpose in recent decade, some Martyrs museums were established in Iran to collect and conserve the remained objects from martyrs and war veterans and preserve their tangible and intangible values. The existing artworks in Martyrs Museum of Tabriz represent internal reflection of Jehad fighters who bravely choose the war and attended in Patriotic National Defens. The mentioned works which created by the martyrs and war veterans with mood of war and defense, as valuable evidence of the museum, require special look to be analyzed as unique things with creativity sign. In this research, the worth and visual substances of sixty case study artworks of the Shohada Museum of Tabriz were assessed by studying the formation of artworks. The scientific, expertise, and artistic approaches, also the analytic- description methods and deep observation in the field were conducted in order to find the impact of the war difficulties on the qualities and types of the artworks. The results of this research shows that the works with material-spiritual values have different concepts like national, culture, values, beliefs, historical, social, and documentary and it is necessary to preserve and protect these artworks in good conditions.

The literature of war begins with the firing of the first bullet and matures with the end of the war. They have stood up to the aggressors with human dignity, and the pens record the descriptions of the bravery and self-sacrifice and oppression of those heroes in the form of literary works. It also highlights human messages such as freedom and righteousness, justice and oppression, patriotism, self-sacrifice and perseverance. In this type of literature, the poet and writer seeks a language that speaks to all the people of the world; Therefore, human messages internalize events such as war and present them to the world. In this study, we intend to study the reflection of the sacred defense in the poems of Siminakht Vahidi with a descriptive analytical method. The themes of stability in this poet's poetry are praise of freedom and liberty, invitation to struggle, oppression, resistance against foreigners and striving to liberate his homeland. Therefore, the present study is a research to examine the ideas and manifestations of stability and reflection of the sacred defense in the poetry of this poet before the readers.

Although about five decades have passed since the victory of the Islamic Revolution, for the generation of teenagers and young adults who have not witnessed the imposed war, the memory of the martyrs plays an important role in self-cultivation, spiritual refinement, and preventing them from deviating from the enemy's attacks in cyberspace. It is obvious that knowing the angles and details of the material and spiritual life of the martyrs requires updating information and numerous sources that the student generation of the society with the spirit of truth-seeking and jihadi work can do through meeting the families of the martyrs, veterans and freedmen and interviewing them. Maidani, with Raviyan Jabeh, add new documents to the pages of the book of resistance and sacrifice, and then publish it with the help of the latest technology. Therefore, any type of investment in this way has an important role in human development so that the strong and long-lasting tree of Iran's Islamic Revolution becomes more fruitful than before. According to the findings of the research, in all the schools of the country, the bright tulips project has had a successful outcome in education, which other combined projects such as alalahs, salalahs and tulips party, which are in the foundation of preserving the works and values of the holy defense and the foundation Martyrs and martyrs' affairs are implemented and can complement the mentioned plan. The present research has tried to introduce the mentioned plans with the descriptive-analytical method and collect information in a library-electronic manner, while introducing the role of sacred defense documents in confronting the soft war of the enemy, and provide solutions for the better performance of the implementing organizations.

Culture of sacrifice and martyrdom is a set of symbolic meanings that veterans and the desire to testify makes people and the institutionalization of the attitude and behavior toward the people will for sacrificial behavior Revolution that is your testimony Samareh Aysarv cause of change in all levels of society in this age certainly was, if the nation and strengthening the maintenance step before deriving its cultural achievements, can not remain immune to the threats. Especially the aspects of world culture today, especially the progress of science, thoughts and hearts has conquered, self-interested individuals and groups, or a notice or to stimulate devouring politicians, attempt of Islam, Islamic culture and values of the ruling and opposition destructive of life and progress are introduced to achieve its goals and young cultural intrigue our target is set but the way of our understanding and recognition of traditional culture, especially culture of sacrifice and martyrdom to promote effective steps survey. This topic: Martyrdom and sacrifice in promoting culture among the young generation is our documentary subjects comments and words of Quran and hadith Majid elders religion, as well as comments and ideas and Islamic scholars are experts in this field. Benefit this study two thing is: I: Understanding culture and principles of sacrifice and martyrdom II: how to develop this culture in the younger generation.

Resistance and stability have always stood tall in the face of oppression and evoke it. Although sustainability literature has a long history throughout history, the spread of oppression and injustice and the strengthening of the motivation to defend the right have played a role in its formation and revival. Therefore, sustainable literature is not specific to a specific land. With the start of the Syrian battles and the attack of terrorist groups on that country, the defenders of the shrine of Hazrat Zainab, peace be upon them, and from then on, the term resistance axis gained a lot of momentum in West Asia.With the martyrdom of Haj Qassem Soleimani, the commander of the resistance front at the Baghdad airport, the direction of the poems of stability was drawn towards Haj Qassem. One of the main poets of the resistance who wrote a poem about this is Moaz Al-Junaid. Using the descriptive-analytical method, the article tries to analyze the manifestation of martyr Soleimani's appearance as the commander of the resistance front in the ode of Asr Soleimani by Moaz Al-Junaid.The result of the research shows that Moaz Al-Junaid, a Yemeni poet, by composing the ode of Asr Soleimani in the description of the martyr Soleimani, to express the issue of defending the oppressed and the oppressed against the oppressors, confronting terrorism and the deviant movement of ISIS, the character of the martyr Soleimani in international dimensions as He refers to the freedom seeker, Jihad in the way of God, the fight against the arrogance of America and the comparison of martyr Soleimani with the martyrs of Islam and the Karbala movement.

Psychological operation is one of the methods of exerting pressure to achieve desired goals. It has received a lot of attention in the present era. Any action in this regard requires attention to the meaningful relationship of psychological operation with its dimensions and methods that manage it. makes it possible and effective. By reviewing the literature of psychological operations, it can be seen that most of the researches are focused on the methods and tools of applying psychological operations, and less attention has been paid to the formation and activity of patterns. The question should be answered that what are the most important methods of psychological operations of the enemy against the Islamic Republic of Iran? The method chosen in this research is descriptive-analytical. The research tool is a questionnaire that is checked through content validity. Imam Sajjad (a.s.) is in Kazeron brigade. The sample selection is a multi-stage cluster. The sample size is equal to 890. The findings show that the enemy, in order of importance, through cultural and economic measures, then political measures. and security and finally through military measures applied against the country, addressing the issue of psychological operations and The methods of dealing with it are very necessary in the military forces. Knowing the techniques of psychological operations and coping plans in the cultural, economic, political and military fields is a priority.

Sacrifice means self-sacrifice and putting others before oneself. Self-sacrifice is one of the most glorious manifestations of the beauty and glory of humanity, and only great people climb to this majestic peak. Sacrifice includes giving up one's life, property, position, character, etc. for the sake of God, although it is mostly used in putting others first in financial matters or putting other people's wishes first. The concept of self-sacrifice was a well-known concept for the people of the peninsula due to the existence of some moral attributes related to it, such as forgiveness, hospitality, and forgiveness in the Arab moral system before Islam. By signing this good behavior, the verses of the Qur'an served the goals of the new religion and sometimes modified and completed it by making changes. The most important verse of sacrifice, which is mentioned explicitly, is about the Ansar's warm hospitality to the emigrants after the migration of the Muslims from Mecca to Medina, and those who are in the Taboo and Al-Dar and those who were before them, they love me Hajar Alyhem, and they do not find any need in their face. Wa and Yutheruna Ali Anfosham, even if it is characteristic of them. . In this verse, the character of hospitality and kindness and sincere forgiveness of the Muslims of Madinah towards the immigrants of Makkah is mentioned and their sacrifice is praised in spite of their dire need. Also, self-sacrifice has a special and special place in the traditions, and in this article we intend to investigate and recognize them, the home and place of self-sacrifice and self-sacrifice in the Qur'an and religious and Islamic traditions. The research method is analytical-descriptive and it is a means of gathering information and data using the library method.