مجله پژوهش های علوم شناختی و رفتاری
سال سیزدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 24، بهار و تابستان 1402)

The aim of this study was to investigate the structural relations between perfectionism levels and cognitive performance in individuals with symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder mediated by cognitive styles. The study population included students of University of Tabriz. Using convenience sampling, 360 subjects were selected. They completed Madsley's obsessive-compulsive disorder inventory, positive and negative perfectionism scale, and Felder-Solomon learning styles questionnaire online. Also, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Continuous Performance Task (CPT) and Wechsler Working Memory Test (WMT) were performed through computer software. Results showed that reflective cognitive style could mediate the relationship between positive perfectionism and cognitive performance. Besides, levels of perfectionism could significantly predict reflective cognitive style and cognitive performance significantly. Hence, it could be concluded that levels of perfectionism and reflective cognitive style in interaction, predict cognitive performance in individuals with symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. It was also obtained that interventions in this field should consider the interactive effects of perfectionism and reflective cognitive style.

The aim of this study was to investigate the structural relations between perfectionism levels and cognitive performance in individuals with symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder mediated by cognitive styles. The study population included students of University of Tabriz. Using convenience sampling, 360 subjects were selected. They completed Madsley's obsessive-compulsive disorder inventory, positive and negative perfectionism scale, and Felder-Solomon learning styles questionnaire online. Also, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Continuous Performance Task (CPT) and Wechsler Working Memory Test (WMT) were performed through computer software. Results showed that reflective cognitive style could mediate the relationship between positive perfectionism and cognitive performance. Besides, levels of perfectionism could significantly predict reflective cognitive style and cognitive performance significantly. Hence, it could be concluded that levels of perfectionism and reflective cognitive style in interaction, predict cognitive performance in individuals with symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. It was also obtained that interventions in this field should consider the interactive effects of perfectionism and reflective cognitive style.

The current research was carried out in line with the development of a therapeutic intervention package based on the healthy human theory and comparing its effectiveness with positive psychotherapy on on social stigma, emotional malaise of mothers with children on the autism. The method of this research was a combination of sequential exploratory type . In the qualitative section, Atride Stirling (2001) comparative thematic analysis method was used to compile and validate the package. The research community includes all related articles in the field of healthy human approach and interventions that were performed on mothers with autistic children, the number of which reached theoretical saturation with a total of 52 studies based on the inclusion criteria. Also, the agreement between 6 psychologists was used to determine the Content Validity Ratio and finally the coefficient of the evaluators was 0.88. The results of the theme analysis indicated that 18 basic themes were obtained in 8 organizing themes (satisfaction and enjoyment of life, loving creation and self, metacognition, peace, happiness, hope, continuity and meaning) and the therapeutic intervention package was based on Their frequency was compiled. Research method in the quantitative part; It included a three-stage, three-group semi-experimental design, which finally included 14 people in each group, taking into account statistical attrition. The statistical population in both the pilot study and the main study included all the mothers of children with autism disorders who referred to autism centers in Isfahan city in July 2022. The data in all three stages were collected by Social stigma scale’s Rezaeidehnavi et al (2010) and Toronto Ataxia Scale (TAS-20). The package of positive psychotherapy according to Rashid and Seligman (2013) was implemented during 8 sessions and the therapeutic intervention package based on the healthy human theory was implemented during 9 sessions of 90 minutes. The findings of the analysis of variance with repeated measurements showed that both therapeutic intervention packages based on the healthy human theory and positive psychotherapy reduced social stigma and emotional malaise in mothers with children on the autism, and this effectiveness was sustained during the follow-up phase has been (p≥0.05). As a result, there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of the two therapeutic intervention packages in the post-test and follow-up phase, and these therapeutic interventions can be used to improve on social stigma, emotional malaise in mothers with autistic children.

This study was conducted to compile a premarital counseling package for girls on the brink of marriage whose parents are divorced. The current study was applied and conducted based on a mixed-methods research design. For this purpose, a qualitative systematic review was initially conducted, and then the descriptive survey was used. Since the initial stage of every systematic review includes a complete and regular search of the existing literature, Persian articles published from 2012 to 2022 were selected. Finally, 12 articles were investigated by searching Mag-Iran, SID, Irandoc, and Comprehensive Portal of Human Sciences databases. Also, the revised PRISMA2020 checklist was used to evaluate the quality of the studies, and all 12 studies possessed the necessary quality to enter the systematic review. An educational counseling package including various techniques and concepts was compiled by reviewing the literature. Besides, ten experts in the field of counseling were selected based on availability to check the content validity. The findings of the qualitative phase showed three major negative psychological, sociological, and family experiences. Finally, the findings of the quantitative phase resulted in developing the content of counseling sessions in twelve weekly sessions of 60-90 minutes. Its content validity and Kappa agreement coefficient were .8 and .71, respectively. It can be said that the premarital educational counseling package has appropriate validity and is suggested to be used for girls with divorced parents.

The aim of this study was to investigate effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on emotion regulation and health anxiety in patients with asthma in Isfahan. Research design was quasi-experimental with experimental and control groups and statistical population included all patients who referred to Khorshid Hospital. In this community, 22 patients with asthma were selected by convenient sampling. They were randomly assigned into the experimental and the control groups. The intervention method of dialectical behavior therapy was performed for experimental group during eight treatment sessions. Both groups were evaluated in pre-test and post-test phases using the emotion regulation and the health anxiety questionnaire. The data was analyzed using covariance analysis method. The results showed that there was a significant difference in emotion regulation variables in reappraisal subscale between experimental and control groups, but there was no significant difference in the suppression subscale. Regarding health anxiety, there was also a significant difference between two groups. Based on research findings, dialectical behavior therapy can lead to improvement of emotion regulation and health anxiety in patients with asthma. Therefore, this intervention is used as an effective treatment in improving these symptoms.

Suicide is one of the most important indicators of mental health in a society, and many economic, social, psychological and individual factors are involved in its occurrence. The aim of this research was investigation the effectiveness of schema therapy approach on conflict resolution management in women with suicidal thoughts referred to Khurshid Hospital in Isfahan. The research design was a semi-experimental pre-test post-test type with a control group. The statistical population included all of the women with suicidal thoughts in Isfahan city. Sampling was done by simple random method and 30 women with suicidal thoughts referred to Khurshid Hospital were selected, and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The measurement instrument included the Robbins’ Conflict Management Style Questionnaire. The experimental group received package of Young et al’ schema therapy training package in 8 sessions twice a week. The duration of the sessions was 90 minutes. The results of Covariance Analysis showed that schema therapy approach was effective on the conflict management of women with suicidal thoughts and this therapy approach was able to improve the dimensions of conflict resolution styles including control, circuit solution, and non-confrontation. Improve competition in women with suicidal thoughts in the post-test stage. The results indicate that schema therapy approach is effective in improving communication and correct management of conflict resolution in women with suicidal thoughts. As a result, it is possible to prevent this social harm to some extent by holding group therapy sessions for these women.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of perceptual contrast on smoking attitudes by providing information about narcotics to individuals. A semi-experimental method was used with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. 45 smokers and 45 non-smokers were purposefully selected as samples from male undergraduate and graduate students of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran and Allameh Tabatabai universities. The Implicit Association Test (IAT) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) were used. Participants were divided into two groups of smokers and non-smokers, based on the results of the smoking addiction questionnaire. Then, each group was randomly divided into three groups including text intervention, film intervention, and control. The participants in the experimental groups received information during three sessions, but the control group did not. Information was provided to the experimental groups in the form of text intervention (a printed text) and film intervention (a documentary film). At the first and end of the intervention, participants’ attitudes toward smoking were reassessed, and two weeks later, to follow up on results. Then, the obtained data were analyzed through Mixed Anova. The research findings showed that the presentation of information about drugs, by establishing perceptual contrast made attitudes toward smoking positive. The differences between smoking and non-smoking and the difference between experimental groups (film and booklet) was significant. The result was confirmation about the principle of perceptual contrast, that means providing information about drugs, according to the principle of perceptual contrast, creates a more positive attitude towards smoking. This change in attitude remained almost stable over time and was confirmed in both groups of smokers and non-smokers and in both groups of intervention with booklet and intervention with film. Attitude change is done because compared to the information that states the harms of drugs, the harms of smoking are less important, and therefore the person's attitude towards smoking becomes more positive.