نشریه آینده پژوهی شهری
سال سوم شماره 4 (زمستان 1402)

Nowadays, the vulnerability of cities, especially old structures, to natural disasters such as earthquakes has become a global issue for experts in various fields. This issue has become more acute in recent decades for countries like Iran, which have natural and risky structures. The main question arises: which approaches and policies have been evaluated as successful in revitalizing worn-out and inefficient urban areas? Furthermore, what is the optimal policy for intervening in the renovation of Tehran's worn-out urban fabric? This research aims to determine the optimal policy and approach for intervening in Tehran's dilapidated urban areas based on experiences, with three sub-goals. The first sub-goal is to describe the indicators and criteria of the approaches and policies used in two decades of intervention in Tehran's dilapidated urban areas, including economic, physical, social, environmental dimensions, and significant thoughts and events. The second sub-goal involves explaining the indicators and criteria of the approaches and policies used in two decades of intervention, expanding upon the dimensions covered in the first sub-goal. Finally, the third sub-goal aims to elucidate the differences between the approaches and policies implemented in two decades of intervention in Tehran's dilapidated urban areas. The research method employed is descriptive-analytical, with grounded theory utilized throughout. This approach led to the formulation of a contextual theory for two decades of intervention in Tehran's dilapidated urban areas, comprising four causal conditions: background, continuity, and consequences. Each of these conditions includes subgroups that have direct or indirect effects.

The present study aims to investigate the impact of institutional and physical factors on regional development policy-making, with a focus on religious tourism. This research is considered applied, employing a descriptive-analytical method, and utilizing both library-documentary and field data collection methods. The statistical population comprised provincial and county experts as well as senior managers, selected via snowball sampling. A sample size of 30 individuals completed the questionnaire, which demonstrated reliability and validity. The findings revealed that institutional factors positively and significantly influence regional development policy-making concerning religious tourism (path coefficient = 0.223, indicating a moderate level of impact), as do physical factors (path coefficient = 0.565). Moreover, institutional factors positively and significantly impact physical factors (path coefficient = 0.609). The results showed that institutional factors have a positive and significant impact on regional development policy-making with a focus on religious tourism. Additionally, physical factors have a positive and significant impact on regional development policy-making with a focus on religious tourism. On the other hand, institutional factors have a positive and significant impact on physical factors. These results highlight the interplay between institutional and physical factors in shaping regional development policy-making for religious tourism.

The crafting of a common national spirit, referred to as nation-building, has been the prime objective of political systems throughout history. Nation-building is a process whereby citizens gradually arrive at a self-understanding of their common and unifying factors and take steps towards its evolution. During the process of nation-state building, political and social structures are formed to meet mutual needs. Through such interactions, efficient and development-oriented political, economic, and social structures, which form the basis for sustainable and genuine development, naturally emerge through interdependency. As a result, this research was conducted with a qualitative approach to reexamine the themes of nation-building on the path to sustainable development in Iran. The research method employed thematic analysis based on Clarke and Braun's (2006) model. The data collection instrument comprised semi-structured and in-depth interviews, which were analyzed using open and axial coding. The research population consisted of academic experts in the field of management, with data reaching saturation level after 12 interviewees. Validation was ensured through member checking and external audits. The results reveal that nation-building, as an overarching theme in the path to sustainable development in government organizations, consists of two themes: drivers and inhibitors of nation-building, comprising 83 components as major themes. This process aims to foster solidarity and cooperation between people and different organizations, with the goal of achieving sustainable development across social, economic, and environmental levels. It serves as a strategy to strengthen solidarity, unity, and national cooperation, ultimately reducing conflicts based on commonalities rooted in mutual national interests.

The population growth of cities, coupled with inadequate distribution of services and improper location selection, is one of the negative outcomes of population increase. The primary goal of urban land-use planning is to provide social and economic welfare for citizens. Therefore, this study aims to assess the land-use pattern and improve the implementation of land-use patterns in the comprehensive plan of Mirjaveh city, and to analyze the changes in the composition and amount of residential, transportation, educational, healthcare, and cultural land use in Mirjaveh city over the period of 2009-2023 in terms of per capita allocation. Excel and AutoCAD 2019 were used for data analysis in this study. In the comprehensive plan of Mirjaveh city, the per capita land allocation order for residential land use was 51.50 square meters, 29.25 square meters for transportation land use, 54.2 square meters for educational land use, 2.2 square meters for healthcare land use, and 23.1 square meters for cultural land use in 1388. The results show an increase in per capita land allocation for residential land use with 57.91 square meters, transportation land use with 71.50 square meters, and educational land use with 76.2 square meters, while the per capita allocation for healthcare land use decreased by 2.2 square meters and cultural land use decreased by 18.0 square meters. These results demonstrate the failure to achieve the proposed land-use allocation in 2009. Using the information presented in this study, future plans can be developed by calculating urban land development with regard to each of the indices and sub-indices. This can help identify the strengths and weaknesses of plans in achieving their goals.

The purpose of the current research was to investigate the relationship between urban space and the feeling of social security, focusing on the case study of Soran city. The research method employed was descriptive-analytical, utilizing correlation analysis. The statistical population of the research comprised all citizens of Soran city, with a population of 32,999 according to the last census in 2015. A sample size of 380 individuals was selected using Cochran's formula and the available sampling method. In this study, data was collected using a questionnaire assessing the feeling of social security and an evaluation of urban space conducted by the researcher. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through consultation with the supervisor, and reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, yielding values of 0.83 for the social security questionnaire and 0.76 for the evaluation of urban space. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed for data analysis. Descriptive statistics included measures such as mean, frequency tables, and standard deviation, while inferential statistics involved tests to assess data fit, such as Pearson's correlation coefficient test and regression analysis. The results indicated a positive and significant relationship between urban space and the feeling of social security in Soran city, at a significance level of 99%. Furthermore, the urban environment was found to predict 43% of the variance in the feeling of social security.

In the third millennium AD, thinkers and urbanists are seeking tools to comprehend the complexities of urban spaces. Data and information have emerged as the language for understanding the spatial behavior of cities and the primary tool for analyzing their complexities. Therefore, this research aims to highlight the significance of statistical sources, including urban statistics, for analyzing urban issues. The research employs a descriptive-analytical and inferential methodology. Data collection involved gathering documents, specifically statistical texts published by municipalities in the previous year. While there was no specific statistical population or geographic area for this study, the focus was on the statistical yearbooks of municipalities, particularly those in the central cities of provinces. Data analysis utilized content analysis and simple quantitative statistical methods. The findings reveal disparities in content and format in urban statistics, as well as the absence of a comprehensive and integrated statistical system. Further investigation uncovered inconsistencies in the preparation and compilation of urban statistics regarding time, location, and adherence to statistical standards. Additionally, many statistical data and information available in municipal statistics, such as urban competitiveness indicators and metrics for measuring progress, development, and urban planning, remain underutilized. To address these issues and achieve integrated and comprehensive urban statistics, it is recommended that cities update and publish their statistics annually, following a standardized framework consisting of 22 chapters.

Resilience is one of the significant concerns of cities today, especially risky cities. The weakness of urban crisis management in the face of risks leads to substantial human and financial losses. In this regard, the present study aims to provide a model for urban resilience against flood risk in Khorramabad city. The current research is applied in terms of its purpose, descriptive-analytical in terms of the method of data collection, and survey-based in terms of its execution. The research method employed is quantitative. SMART PLS software was utilized for data analysis. The findings of the research were validated using the Smart PLS software, indicating that the structure of communication arteries and river boundaries are fundamental factors in flood resilience for Khorramabad city. Khorramroud irrigation is currently facing a flood crisis. The primary cause of flooding in the Khorramroud River is the violation of its boundaries and a lack of respect for nature and the environment. Therefore, it can be inferred that until the natural resources in the country are violated and individuals don't equip and secure themselves against natural disasters, they have to experience such bitter calamities.