مجله توسعه تکنولوژی صنعتی
پیاپی 54 (زمستان 1402)

Research and technology organizations are one of the organizations related to technology development activities that constitute the major part of public research institutions and centers in Iran. Given the spread of privatization to the field of research and technology in Iran and the inclusion of public research institutions and centers in the agenda of privatization, the purpose of this article is to critically review the privatization policy of research and technology organizations.For this purpose, by examining the characteristics and historical evolution of research and technology organizations and explaining the business-oriented approach in these organizations, the challenges of privatization of research and technology organizations in Iran have been explained. Accordingly, regardless of whether the research and technology organizations are governmental or not, the business-oriented approach can be implemented in them, and privatization is not necessary to turn public research and technology organizations into an entrepreneurial and value-creating organization, and the idea that research and technology organizations can be driven towards financial autonomy (financial self- sufficiency) by forcing them to monetize from industry is a strategic mistake that has already been tried and tested in the world's leading countries and has not been successful. It is also a strategic mistake to consider the business-oriented approach to research and technology organizations as equivalent to forcing them to generate revenue. Another misconception in Iran is that if research and technology organizations are eliminated, technological startups or knowledge-based companies will be better and superior alternatives for them.

In this article, the results of the investigation of the key factors affecting the portfolio management of research and development projects based on information technology in the field of health and treatment are presented using the Delphi method. For this purpose, an explanation will be given first about the management of research and development project portfolio, and then the research problem will be defined by providing evidence from all the studies conducted in Iran and the world. The review of previous researches and studies in the field of key factors on the management of the portfolio of research and development projects on information technology in the field of health and treatment and their summary forms the next part of the article. In the following, the research method, especially the Delphi method, is explained, and at the end, the findings of this research are described and analyzed. To carry out this research, firstly, with library, studies and literature review of the research topic and the opinion of experts in the field of study, key factors and indicators were extracted on "management of the portfolio of research and development projects based on information technology in the field of health and treatment" and 67 indicators for research were identified. In this research, a 7-point Likert scale was used to obtain experts' opinions. Based on the findings of this research, the data of experts in this field were analyzed. These factors were categorized into three categories: main, contextual, and environmental factors, and at the end of the third round of Delphi, less important indicators were removed. At the end, limitations and suggestions are presented.

The purpose of the research is to identify and prioritize the obstacles that prevent entrepreneurial learning based on the failure experiences of Iran's top entrepreneurs. The research method was mixed with an exploratory-sequential plan and an applied-developmental goal. Participants in the qualitative part (phenomenological method): 24 top entrepreneurs with targeted theoretical sampling and in the quantitative part (structural equation analysis): 100 experienced entrepreneurs who answered the researcher-made questionnaire extracted from the qualitative part. Qualitative data analysis until saturation and theoretical consensus were reached for initial coding of research dimensions in the structure of barriers to entrepreneurship learning and its quantitative analysis was done with Smart pls(3) statistical software. The findings showed the barriers to learning entrepreneurship from the failure experiences of Iran's top entrepreneurs in 3 levels (individual, medium and macro), 8 dimensions in order: barriers (economic and financial, infrastructural, business environment, support, managerial and organizational, socio-cultural , communication and educational and individual (human)) and 28 items were placed. In the quantitative results, the existence of a positive and significant relationship between 8 dimensions and the structure of learning barriers (T ≤ 2.58) was confirmed at the confidence level of 95% and the quality of the effect size of the dimensions of the structure was evaluated as higher than average and strong. The fit of the research model was appropriate and strong (GOF=0.596). Managers and entrepreneurs are suggested to remove the mentioned levels with special attention to the barriers that prevent entrepreneurial learning based on the failure experiences of top entrepreneurs.

The current research was conducted with the aim of using blockchain in human resource management of educational organizations. The statistical population of the research is 10 people who are experts in the field of human resources and know the basics of technology and blockchain and have a visible work experience.The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of data collection method. To collect data, qualitative methods of interviews with experts and content analysis were used, as well as a questionnaire tool for prioritizing factors using the Denap method. After reviewing the literature and interviewing related experts, nine main factors were identified in line with the applicability of blockchain in human resource management of educational organizations. Following the prioritization done in the studied university, it showed that one of the main reasons for using blockchain in human resources management is blockchain-based human resources records. As mentioned in the research literature, blockchain makes both the job seeker and the employer clearly consider the records and then make a choice. The results of the research showed that increasing efficiency and productivity (accurate decision-making - optimal services-...), reducing human resource management violations and errors, and maintaining and securing data based on blockchain have the greatest impact in the application of blockchain. China has in human resource management. On the other handHuman resource records based on blockchain (trust-convenience-fast recovery-fast access-simultaneous access-accuracy-reliability-...), transparency and data integration in blockchain are the most effective factors.

Some family companies are more willing to innovate than other companies. Being innovative helps companies to deal with the complexity and change of the rapidly increasing turbulent external environment. In such a situation, companies that have the necessary resources for innovation are able to respond to challenges faster, extract new products and get better opportunities than organizations that lack innovation. In the meantime, marketing resources can reduce or increase activities related to fundamental innovation. Although marketing resources only provide a partial understanding of the willingness of family companies to innovate, unless the family's specific resources (such as patient capital and social capital) are also considered in the dynamic and changing environment of the company for a more comprehensive analysis of the willingness. To make fundamental innovation.The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of marketing resources on the willingness of owners to radical innovation with the moderating role of the dynamics of the environment and specific family resources (study). Case: households with family business in Abadan city. In this research, 374 members of households with family businesses in Abadan city in 1401 were considered as a statistical sample by simple random sampling method. A standard questionnaire was used to collect data. The results of the research using PLS software have shown that market knowledge, reputation, relational resources and technological resources have an effect on the willingness of owners to radical innovation. Also, family social capital, family patience capital and environmental dynamics moderate the relationship between marketing resources and owners' willingness to radical innovation.

The research was conducted with the aim of analyzing innovative factors affecting customer loyalty in multi-level marketing based on business intelligence. This research in terms of purpose; It is applied and in the field of quantitative-qualitative studies which was done with survey and data-mining methods. The statistical population of the research consists of 15 senior managers and experts in the field of research, i.e. Panh-Riz cosmetics and hygiene company, were selected by snowball method to identify the components and factors, and in the second part of the data warehouse of Panh-Riz company in the period of 2013 Data mining was done until 2018, which includes 5,200,000 records. The method of data analysis is data mining and customer clustering, which was done using R software. The results of data analysis showed that 6 indicators could be considered for the model, which are: the length of customer cooperation, purchase delay, repeat purchase, high purchase amount, profitability, and discounts to customers. In general, it can be stated that the loyalty of the customers of multi-level marketing companies is in accordance with the intelligence of the business, considering five clusters of customers, it is influenced by these six indicators, and in order to improve the level of customer loyalty and achieve a competitive advantage, the company must Active in this field should be considered. Also, for the development of multi-level marketing, it is suggested that the investigated companies pay more attention to the role of discounting and credit sales to customers, and on the other hand, keep their main customers more satisfied by providing better services and more support. It should be mentioned that so far no research has been done at the country level regarding the design and development of customer loyalty management model in MLM multi-level marketing and business companies based on business intelligence (BI) and this research as a project A new study with an innovative approach to the cosmetic and health products market can be a guide for network marketing managers in achieving greater customer loyalty.