Caspian Journal of Health Research
Volume:9 Issue: 2, Apr 2024

The occupational hazards faced by maxillofacial surgeons are a significant concern, encompassing exposure to infectious diseases, musculoskeletal injuries, radiation, and needle stick injuries. These hazards pose risks to the health and well-being of the surgeons, potentially impacting their ability to provide high-quality patient care. The article comprehensively addresses these occupational risks and emphasizes the importance of implementing robust infection control measures, prioritizing ergonomics in the workplace, and promoting a culture of self-care within the profession. Additionally, it highlights the need for comprehensive training on infection control practices, radiation safety measures, and proper ergonomics to mitigate these hazards effectively. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the occupational hazards faced by maxillofacial surgeons and the measures necessary to ensure their well-being while continuing to deliver essential care to their patients.

 Job satisfaction is used to measure how content an employee is with the job. Human resources are vital for delivering health services, and health systems cannot function effectively without sufficient numbers of skilled, motivated, and well-supported health workers. Job satisfaction of health workers is important for motivation and efficiency, as higher job satisfaction improves both employee performance and patient satisfaction.

 The present study was conducted with the aim of reviewing the factors associating with the job satisfaction among Health care personnel.

  In this systematic review, the databases of Embase, Magiran, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar were searched during the years 2000-2022 with the keywords Health care personnel., job satisfaction , physicians, nurses, Family medicine, and Ministry of Health.

 In general, the results of this study showed that various factors such as job promotion, mutual respect, job security, receiving salaries and benefits affect the job satisfaction of Health care personnel and as a result increase people's loyalty to the organization and their work efficiency.

 Considering the scope and diversity of the tasks and goals of the Ministry of Health, treatment and medical education and considering the importance of job satisfaction in providing, maintaining and advancing these goals, the job motivation of professors can be increased by removing and reducing the factors that cause dissatisfaction of these people.

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) can be aggravated due to stress, depression, anxiety, emotional and spiritual problems.

The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on psychological distress, alexithymia, and spiritual health among women with CVD.

The current research adopted a randomized controlled clinical trial, employing a pre-test-post-test design along with a control group. The statistical population comprised women with CVD residing in the 6th district of Tehran during August and September 2021. The research sample comprised 30 women with CVD who were selected using purposive sampling and divided into experimental groups (n=15) and control group (n=15). The experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of ACT, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The data collection process included utilizing questionnaires to measure psychological distress, Toronto alexithymia, and spiritual health. The data collected were subsequently subjected to analysis using multivariate analysis of covariance SPSS-24.

The results showed that ACT significantly decreases anxiety (F=34.71, P=0.001, η2=0.63), stress (F=30.14, P=0.001, η2=0.60), depression (F=48.34, P=0.001, η2=0.71), difficulty identifying feelings (F=28.80, P=0.001, η2=0.59), difficulty describing feelings (F=44.30, P=0.001, η2=0.68), externally oriented thinking (F=36.50, P=0.001, η2=0.68), and increases existential health (F=37.69, P=0.001, η2=0.66), and religious health (F=24.56, P=0.001, η2=0.55) in women with CVD (P<0.01).

ACT offers promising prospects for improving the psychological, emotional, and spiritual health of women living with CVD. By promoting acceptance, emotional awareness, and committed action, ACT empowers women to cope effectively with psychological distress, address alexithymia, and nurture their spiritual well-being.

People with a high sense of psychological well-being mainly experience more positive emotions and have a positive evaluation of the incidents and events around them. Psychological well-being includes life satisfaction, emotional balance and general attitude towards optimism with a positive orientation towards life, so people's attachment style can play an effective role in promoting psychological well-being.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of emotional regulation in the relationship between attachment styles and psychological well-being.

A total of 250 couples (125 male and 125 female) referred to Taranom Life Counseling Center and Atiyeh Counseling Center located in the 2nd district of Qazvin city were selected using convenience sampling method in the first quarter of 2022. The participants completed the psychological well-being scale, adult attachment styles, and emotional regulation questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Model (SEM) in AMOS software. 

The results of this research showed that 79% of the variance of psychological well-being was explained by predictor variables. Secure attachment style has a significant positive correlation with psychological well-being. Anxious and avoidant attachment styles have a significant negative correlation with psychological well-being. The results of SEM showed that emotional regulation has a significant indirect effect (mediating role) on the relationship between attachment styles and psychological well-being.

The study findings revealed that the emotional regulation plays a mediating role in the relationship between attachment styles and psychological well-being. It is suggested to strengthen the psychological well-being of couples by identifying attachment styles of couples and raising awareness in the field of emotional regulation.

This study was conducted to investigate the treatment seeking behavior for COVID-19 symptoms among northern Iranian population and its related factors.

This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the treatment seeking behavior for COVID-19 symptoms and its related factors in 602 confirmed COVID-19 cases for a period of 2 months between March and May 2020 in Guilan at the onset of the corona epidemic in Iran.

Professional treatment-seeking was observed in 18.6% of patients and most of patient reported home remedies (50.3%) and self-medication (31.1%) as first reaction to COVID-19 symptoms. The most prevalent symptoms of COVID-19 in the study population were anosmia (98.3%) and fever (70.1%). The multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that patients with breathing difficulties symptom and history of respiratory disease had greater odds professional treatment of seeking respectively (adjusted odds ratio (OR) =1.6, P=0.03, (OR) =3.3, P =0.001). 

Roughly half of symptomatic COVID-19 patient reported home remedies as first treatment-seeking behaviors and only breathing difficulties symptom and past history of respiratory disease were identified as an independent predictor of professional treatment–seeking. We will certainly face pandemics in the future. However, the world must obviously prepare for future pandemics in light of the lessons learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic. We hope that the results of this study can be a lesson for the future.

Alzheimer's caregivers frequently report experiencing high levels of stress.

This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on caregiver burden and psychological flexibility in caregivers of aged patients with Alzheimer's disease.

This pretest-posttest design with a three-month follow-up was performed on caregivers of aged Alzheimer's patients who visited the neurology clinic in the spring of 2023. Following the administration of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II and the Caregiver Burden Inventory in the pre-test, a sample of 30 individuals was randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The ACT intervention was implemented for the experimental group over eight sessions, each lasting 90 minutes. Upon completion of the intervention, participants were re-evaluated in the posttest and follow-up. Data were analyzed using chi-square, repeated measures analysis of variance, and Bonferroni's post hoc test at a significance level of 0.05.

There between-group comparison showed a significant difference between intervention and control group indicating improvement of all study variables in the intervention compared to the control group. The highest difference was observed for psychological flexibility (27.281, 95%CI: 24.977, 29.586) followed by caregiving burden (17.87, 95%CI: 15.685, 20.00) from baseline to follow-up.

ACT effectively reduced caregiver burden and enhanced psychological flexibility in caregivers of aged patients with Alzheimer's disease. Clinical psychologists and health professionals are advised to provide better support for caregivers in their roles and promote their mental well-being through intervention programs. By improving their mental health, they can be more effective in assisting with the treatment process of aged patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Adolescence is an important period in the social and psychological development of human beings. Depression is a major problem that now affects many adolescents.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of attachment-based therapy on emotional autonomy, emotion regulation, and rumination in adolescents with depression symptoms.

This quasi-experimental research adopted a pretest-posttest control group design. Purposive sampling was employed to select 30 adolescents with depression symptoms as the research sample. They were then assigned randomly to an experimental and control group (n=15 per group). The experimental group received an intervention including twelve 45-minute sessions. All participants completed the Emotional Autonomy Scale (EAS), the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), and the Rumination Response Scale (RRS) at the pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages. The repeated measures ANOVA was used for data analysis.

According to the results, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the mean scores of emotional autonomy, emotion regulation, and rumination (P< 0.001). The results also indicated that attachment-based therapy significantly improved emotional autonomy, emotion regulation strategies (e.g., reappraisal and suppression), and rumination at the posttest and follow-up stages (P< 0.001).

Attachment-based therapy should be employed as a therapeutic priority for improving emotional autonomy and emotion regulation strategies (e.g., reappraisal and suppression) and alleviating rumination in adolescents with depression symptoms.