فصلنامه جغرافیا و آمایش شهری - منطقه ای
پیاپی 51 (تابستان 1403)

A city often has certain identifiable ideas or inner values perceived by its inhabitants. Urban branding is rooted in creating and highlighting an identity of diverse values, which always evokes a favorable or unfavorable image in our minds when we hear the name of a city; This image can originate from our interaction with the residents of the city, or from advertisements, etc., and dimensions such as social image (people, behaviors, norms, symbols and rituals of that society), or economic image (level of development) , business space, economic capacities, etc.), or the physical image (urban furniture, geographical location, architecture and tourism, etc.) or the image we have of the historical past of that cit. The purpose of this research is to investigate the elements of Iranian Islamic cities in branding a place in the historical context of Shiraz. This research is a descriptive-analytical study and data analysis was done in a descriptive way using TOPSIS multi-criteria decision making models. The method of data collection has been obtained in two forms, through data collection (including books, Persian and Latin articles, theses) and field (questionnaire and field observations). After explaining the indicators related to the subject, a structured questionnaire in the form of a Likert scale was compiled and completed by experts. In this research, 9 elements of the historical context of Shiraz, which are among the building blocks of the Iranian Islamic city, were examined. The findings of the research show that Shah Cheragh ranks first with a priority index of 0.85, Karim Khan Citadel ranks second with a priority index of 0.83, Vakil Bazaar ranks third with a priority index of 0.64, and Madrase Khan ranks third with a priority index of 0.83. have the ninth place in Shiraz's historic place branding. Based on the obtained results, issues related to the pleasantness, stimulation and excitement of the space have had a great impact on creating a favorable mental image. Shah Cheragh is the biggest advantage of Shiraz tourism that visitors can use this special gift by planning and providing suitable environmental conditions. However, extensive destructions and constructions outside the principles of urban planning can cause irreparable damage to this special branding potential of Shiraz. In line with urban branding of Shiraz, a disciplined approach and based on the principles of urban planning, identifying the realities of the society and trying to eliminate obstacles and deficiencies, participation and supervision of stakeholders, participation and cooperation of all influential economic organizations, urban management, organizations Cultural and educational and non-governmental organizations are essential.

In recent decades, Iranian Islamic cities have been heavily influenced by globalization, which has led to transformation and creating ambiguities in their physical manifestation. Due to the spread of foreign culture, this metamorphosis has moved away from the basic guidelines of the revealed teachings in the construction of the Iranian Islamic city and has brought about significant changes in the urban structure. Therefore, the main goal of the current research is the comparative comparison of the new and old neighborhoods of Isfahan based on the Iranian-Islamic city approach. Therefore, two neighborhoods (the old neighborhood of Shahshahan and the new neighborhood of Baharestan) were selected in the city of Isfahan. In this context, 39 indicators were selected in the form of four principles: mosque-centered (man's relationship with God), introversion (man's relationship with himself), neighborhood-centered (man's relationship with society) and naturalism (man's relationship with the universe). In the next step, research data was collected using the questionnaire technique and field studies. In the next step, the collected data was entered into spss software. Finally, the status of the two studied neighborhoods in terms of the indicators of the Iranian Islamic city was compared using an independent t-test. The results of the statistical analysis showed that the average of the two groups in the two studied neighborhoods have significant differences in 23 indicators, and also the average of the majority of indicators in Shahshahan neighborhood is much higher than Baharestan neighborhood. The biggest difference between the two studied neighborhoods is in mosque-oriented, introspective, neighborhood-oriented, and lastly, naturalism. An important point is that these two neighborhoods have very little difference in the nature aspect, apart from the two indicators of the presence of a yard in the house and the presence of a garden in the yard of the residential unit.

The neighborhoods of the historical context of the cities have been disintegrated over time; So that it has put a lot of pressure on the cities and made them suffer from premature fragility. The aim of this research was to analyze the fragility in 24 neighborhoods of the historical context of Urmia city. The type of research is applied and the research method is descriptive-analytical. The analyzed data were collected through a survey and using a questionnaire from a statistical sample consisting of 30 experts. 14 indicators have been selected based on the opinions of elites and the availability of information, and information layers have been created for them in GIS software. FUCOM method was used to calculate the weight of indicators and CoCoSo decision method was used for data analysis. The results show that in the historical context of Urmia city, 8% of the range is located in the very low fragility zone, 21% in the low fragility zone, 29% in the medium fragility zone, 28% in the high fragility zone and 14% in the very high fragility zone. Darvishlar, Aghdash, Doshabchikhana, Khanbaghi and Khanbabakhan neighborhoods are in the zone of very high fragility, Sahiyeh, Jarchibashi, Tandirchilar, Shurshora and Hezaran neighborhoods are in the high fragility zone, Bazarbash, Argh, Delgosha, Yurdshahi and Nogechar neighborhoods are in the medium fragility zone, Yedidarman, Agh Zamilar, Seyedjavad, Mahdi-ul-Ghadam and Yunjaligh are located in the low fragility zone and Nayeb Asghar, Khatib, Qara-Aghaj and Davchilar neighborhoods are located in the very low fragility zone.

Smart cities are developed and built as interconnected urban domains where embedded elements can interact with each other and with the users residing in them. In building smart cities, Internet of Things has the potential to collect information about the urban environment, provide new services to citizens, facilitate their daily life and increase the ability to live in the city. In the current research, with the participation of managers, officials and academic experts, the key drivers affecting the smart city based on the Internet of Things have been identified and finally, the scenarios effective on the formation of the smart city based on the Internet of Things have been compiled. The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of research method. The method of collecting data and information was library, document and survey (interview). The review of scientific sources identified 26 factors affecting the smart city based on the Internet of Things, which were categorized into 6 dimensions, and a total of 25 people, including managers of related organizations and academic experts, were interviewed. Data analysis was based on prospective research technique; Including structure analysis, analysis of mutual effects based on Micmac and Scenario Wizard software. The results showed that there are 8 possible scenarios for the establishment of a smart city based on the Internet of Things, of which 1 scenario is in a strong and stable compatibility mode (zero incompatibility) and 7 scenarios are in a weak compatibility mode. The first scenario, which is a scenario with a positive direction, has an interaction effect score of 123 and a compatibility value of 2, while the second scenario, which seems to be unfavorable conditions for the future of the smart city based on the Internet of Things in Mashhad metropolis, has a total interaction effect score of -20 and the compatibility value is -1. The third scenario also has a compatibility value of -1 and with a total interaction effect score of 27, it can be one of the possible scenarios for the future of the smart city based on the Internet of Things in Mashhad metropolis.

The rapid urbanization and urbanization trend, especially in developing countries, have become pervasive social phenomena in the present era, resulting in social inequalities, poverty, increased corruption and crime, environmental crises, class differences, lack of social welfare, premature death, inadequate housing and homelessness, informal settlements. . The existence of such inequalities in cities causes conflict in societies and ultimately violent behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the current status of urban poverty and its impact on behavioral patterns, focusing on the Shirabad neighborhood in Zahedan.The research was conducted in a descriptive-analytical manner and based on a survey strategy. Initially, the literature and foundations of the subject were reviewed to establish the criteria. Then, by consulting with a panel of experts (100 individuals), these criteria were finalized in the form of six components. In the next step, the current status of these criteria was assessed through field observations and interviews. Based on the assessment of the current status and the analysis of the t-test results, the average score of each of the six components was significantly higher than the average value of 3, Therefore, the research hypotheses were confirmed. This means that the identification of 6 components and 40 criteria that cause urban poverty in the formation of the final model was accepted and approved by experts and specialists. The results of the research show that the proposed model of this research can be very efficient in investigating the role of urban poverty on the behavioral patterns of citizens , which includes 6 components and 40 criteria in the form of social, economic, cultural, physical, infrastructure and basic and environmental services.

According to the law of the fourth development plan, one of the main axes of the issue of national security is the discussion of passive defense. One of the important parts in the discussion  of passive defense is safe spaces and shelters. In this research, the city of Sanandaj has been chosen as a study sample considering that it is one of the important cities with military importance in the west of the country. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology, and for Site Selection urban shelters, four criteria are used: compatible uses, incompatible uses, physical use and safety, as well as effective sub-criteria. (Centers with support functions (cultural, educational, medical and sports centers), firefighting centers, industrial and dangerous centers, sensitive and important centers, population density, dense areas, open and green spaces, main roads, slope and distance from the river ) Used. Using Geographical Information System (GIS) and Analytical Hierarchy Model (AHP), the locations in five floors have been obtained in priorities from very suitable to very suitable for the establishment and construction of urban shelters. The results show that the central areas of Sanandaj city have a very good to good and relatively good situation in terms of the establishment of shelters, which include Enkhelab St., Namaki St. and Imam St., Abbas Abad Beltway, Golshan St., Chaharbagh St., Salahuddin Ayubi St., Taleghani St. Esteghlal St., Twenty-Hasht Day Blvd., Dovazde Farvardin Blvd., Kurdistan Blvd., Ba'ath Blvd., Allameh Hamdi Blvd., Pasdaran St., Shahada St., and parts of Kargar St. that can be considered as favorable locations for shelter construction.

With the beginning of paying attention to the concept of environmental quality in recent decades, the importance of studying the psychological quality of urban environments has gradually increased. This has been largely neglected in relation to informal neighborhoods. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to explain the role of the quality of the physical and functional environment of Sayan informal neighborhood in Zanjan city in the psychological well-being of the residents. The research is classified as exploratory-analytical research. The approach of the research is quantitative and in terms of the application of the results, it can be considered as applied research. Collecting the required data and information has been done through library studies and field methods. The collection and assessing of the data related to the quality of the environment was done through a researcher-made questionnaire, 54-question Ryff questionnaire was used to assess the psychological well-being of the residents. The statistical sample includes 134 residential plates that have been questioned systematically by referring to the doors of the houses. Structural equation modeling and Smart PLS software have been used to analyze effect-oriented indicators and examination of their relationship with the psychological well-being of residents. Expert observation data have also been evaluated using the qualitative analysis method. Findings show that the quality of the physical environment is more effective than the quality of the functional environment in the psychological well-being of the residents of Sayan neighborhood. This is done through three components including environmental health, legibility and authenticity of environment. The quality of the functional environment also affects the psychological well-being of the residents through the land use.