نشریه پژوهش های زیست قوم شناختی و حفاظت
پیاپی 4 (تابستان 1403)

Ethnobotany Knowledge to study and survey how people of a particular tribe, culture or region use native plants in that region. This study was conducted to collect and identify the medicinal species of Bluman region and introduce their traditional and modern uses.

Collection and identification of medicinal species of the studied area was done. Traditional uses and their applications in modern medicine were extracted by conducting interviews and studying reliable scientific sources. In order to determine the importance of medicinal species, the quantitative method UV (UV=Use Value) was used.

A list of flora and medicinal plants of the region was prepared. In this research, 53 medicinal species were collected and identified, belonged to 22 families and 49 genera. Among the identified species, 22 medicinal species had the highest use value (UV). Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. & Hohen (Azgooah), Allium jesdianum Boiss (Bon sor) were among the most valuable species. A list of scientific name, Vernacular, and common name, UV values, and its use in traditional and modern medicine of known species was prepared.

The results showed rich native knowledge in the field of medicinal plants in the studied area. The results obtained from the herbal medicine knowledge of the native people of the region and their experiences in traditional medicine and compared with new researches about these species confirmed many traditional uses and native beliefs.

The use of medicinal plants is a part of the culture of the indigenous people of each region, which has been formed over the centuries and indigenous knowledge related to these herbal medicines is a good model in discovering new medicines. Due to the change in lifestyle caused and the generation gap, the indigenous knowledge is fast being forgotten, the present research was conducted with the aim of investigating medicinal species and local knowledge related to their use in Mehriz region of Yazd province. After determining the different habitat areas of the city, the collection of medicinal plants and the information of local people about the healing properties of plants was done. Based on the results of this research, 92 species of medicinal plants were identified, and the most species belong to Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, and Lamiaceae. Most of these plants are used in the treatment of digestive, respiratory, and urinary tract problems. It is hoped that this type of research will lead to the preservation of indigenous knowledge and planning in the sustainable exploitation of valuable plant resources in nature.

Climate change, as one of the most important threats ahead, has significant effects on biodiversity and natural ecosystems. In the present study, using species distribution modeling (SDM) the effects of climate change on the spread and distribution of the Shabout fish species (Arabibarbus grypus, Heckel, 1843) was investigated. in terms of SDM, an ensemble model by the Biomod2 package with six different algorithms for the present time and also under two-time series of 2070 and 2090 with two models Optimistic (SSP 126) and pessimistic (SSP 585) were used for a future time. In addition, eight climatic, topographic, and human variables were used to build the model. The results showed that the prediction performance of the model based on three parameters AUC, TSS, and KAPPA ranged from very good to excellent ≤0.77. The most important parameters affecting the distribution of shirbat species were the parameters of the minimum temperature of the coldest month of the year (Bio 6), total annual rainfall (Bio 12), and human footprints. Also, the range of distribution of the studied species in both optimistic and pessimistic scenarios for the years 2070 and 2090 will face a significant decrease. The effects of climate change on the shabout species have clearly shown that the species have different responses to climate change, and these responses provide appropriate and specific management strategies for each species.

Indigenous worldviews, beliefs, traditions, practices and institutions are transferred through indigenous knowledge and become practical. Today, depression, insomnia, anxiety and stress are among the most common mental disorders and general problems among employees. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating local knowledge and tendency towards medicinal plants effective on nerves among the employees of Ardestan city.

This study was conducted in a descriptive-analytical and survey form, and the research tool was a researcher-made structured questionnaire that included 10 general items and 72 different specialized items. The statistical population was the employees of different offices in Ardestan, and based on Cochran's formula, the sample size was estimated to be 131 people. The reliability of the research tool was confirmed by calculating the alpha value of 0.877 and its validity was confirmed by studying the professors. SPSS software was used to perform descriptive and statistical analysis.

According to the findings, among the medicinal plants, peppermint plant (2.86%) was the most consumed and sage (1.23%) was the least consumed among the employees. Also, the results of Friedman's test showed that the employees' purpose of consuming medicinal plants effective on the nervous system was to relieve fatigue and feel relaxed.

Therefore, it seems that employees in different offices tend to use medicinal plants traditionally to relieve fatigue caused by work and maintain their peace in the work environment.

the objective of this study was to investigate Asteraceae family and its traditional uses. A list of 21 medicinal plant species from Asteraceae family as the largest plant family was recorded by library method. Then, each plant was reviewed in terms of phytochemical compounds, biological activity, clinical trials, interactions, side effects and traditional uses using scientific articles, books, especially PDR for herbal medicine. Essential oil compounds such as monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were the main active ingredient compounds of most these plant species, and sesquiterpene lactones were the special active compounds of Asteraceae family. Other compounds including triterpenoids and a few alkaloids have also been identified and isolated in the active substance of plants of this family. Biological activity of the phytochemicals, the traditional uses and the interactions and side effects of the active ingredient of the medicinal plants of the Asteraceae family have also been reported, which can provide appropriate information for researchers and production of herbal medicines. Also, these findings can be a reliable reference for the logical prescription and use of the Asteraceae family medicinal plants. Generally, a review of traditional references and reported articles indicates that the Asteraceae family is one of the most important medicinal plant families, and plants such as T. parthenium, C. officinalis, and S. marianum, while being used medicinally, still needs further research and the potential of valuable natural products.

The purpose of this study is to examine the issue of nutrition and diet in ancient times among great civilizations such as Iran, Greece, China, Egypt and Rome. If an attempt has been made to explain proper nutrition, food abstinence and the favorite food basket of each of the civilizations in question and the reasons for observing their nutritional issues. In this study, which is a review study, using available sources with titles such as; Nutrition in ancient times, the diet of the great civilizations of the ancient world and attention to proper nutrition and food among the great civilizations of the ancient world, the desired and related materials have been collected. The topic of nutrition has always been a subject to be pondered in all history. Proper nutrition and its effect in some times and sometimes the treatment of diseases starts from ancient times and is gradually transferred to the next periods and in each transfer, progress and effects have been improved along with the conditions of the people of each region as well as their weather conditions. Therefore, this issue of nutrition has been given special attention in different regions and every day we see the expansion and growing trend of this category. The materials collected in this study show the increasing attention to the category of nutrition and diet, as well as the selection of a suitable food basket according to the nature of people and the living conditions of civilizations, from ancient times to the present day, so that the field of more and more comprehensive investigation in it provides this.