نشریه علوم آبزی پروری پیشرفته
سال هفتم شماره 2 (پاییز و زمستان 1402)

Aquaculture industry plays a considerable role in food security and white protein production in the world and Iran, too. Agriculture industry uses fresh or brackish water wells and springs in Iran's climate condition and especially in central and desert areas; therefore, it is recommended to use these scattered and small-scale water resources for aquaculture before using them in agriculture. Rainbow trout and common carp, as non-native species, have been used in the inland aquaculture industry for the last few years. But, based on their culture limitations and the significance of introducing some species with more economical efficiency for developing in Iran aquaculture industry, tilapia was introduced to Iran in 2008 and subjected to the primary researches including EIA (environmental impact assessment), reproducing and culturing technical knowledges, nutrition and all male production, then Tilapia culture developed these last years with companies’ investments in 5 provinces.Despite a lot of beneficial and recommendations for tilapia consumption for people and especially those who need high protein low lipid sources, there have been some limitations in its developing strategies because of using hormones, the ratio of omega 6 and 3, invasive effects, and culturing in wastewater. In this way, this study tried to document and respond to some significant questions and disasters in the developing tilapia culture industry. According to this study, tilapia consumption, as a high protein resource that is full of selenium and carotenoids, is recommended. Based on Iran’s agricultural development plan, importance of food security and available water resources, tilapia is a good species for introducing to Iran inland aquaculture industry in central regions with biofloc technology or recirculating system.

Monogens are a class of parasitic flatworms commonly found in fish and aquatic invertebrates. Monogens are hermaphrodites. They feed on the mucus and epithelial cells of the body surface and gills of the fish. Some are viviparous and spawning and are present in marine and fresh water. More than 4000 to 5000 species have been identified. In viviparous specimens, it can keep up to three generations in its belly .In spawning specimens, gravid specimens release eggs into the sea where they continue to develop and hatch into oncomiracidia – free swimming ciliated larva that eventually finds and attaches to the host. In this study, in the coastal waters of Chabahar region, 20 fish (Sparidentex hasta) weighting approximately 500 g were transferred to the aquaculture workshop of Offshore Fisheries Research Center for study, and after 8 days, Casualties were observed 4 fold of the fish. After taking samples from the gills of Sparidentex hasta in the form of a wet smear and using a light microscope by a 4x and 10x lens, and marine Monogen (Microcotylidae) was identified. Formalin long-term bath at 30 ppm for 24 hours removed the parasite and there were no casualties.

drying, which can be done in both traditional and contemporary ways. Potential advantages of the growth of fish drying on this island include the large sardine harvests and the frequent manufacture of dried goods from these fish. Knowing the benefits and drawbacks of contemporary and traditional approaches can assist choose the best strategy for the growth of the fish drying sector.

The traditional way of drying fish relies on solar energy and sunshine, whereas contemporary drying techniques are varied and include employing heat pumps, microwaves, and heated smoke, among others. The most significant benefits of current drying techniques over conventional drying techniques are greater product quality, better drying process control, and shorter drying times. When compared to conventional methods, new methods have a number of drawbacks, including high costs, the requirement for specialized knowledge and skills for implementation, a lack of readily available new technology, and significant energy consumption. It is significant to remember that the safety and quality of dried fish depend on a number of factors, including the initial quality of the fish, hygiene measures during processing, and storage conditions.

In general, improving process control, shortening drying time, and improving product quality are considered advantages of new drying methods compared to conventional methods. On the other hand, the need for high investment, high energy consumption, complexity of implementation, and restricted access to technology are considered disadvantages of new methods. Therefore, it is advised that modern sardine drying techniques be developed taking into account the infrastructure that already exists on Qeshm Island.

This study was conducted in order to investigate the feasibility of warm water fish breeding in the catchment area of Khairabad and Maron rivers in Kohgiluyeh and Gachsaran cities. According to the results, the biological value of Maroon river water is highly polluted in terms of quality, and Khairabad river is considered as relatively polluted river. In Khairabad river, the temperature range is proportional to some extent and is in accordance with the standard. In the Maron River, at the time of investigation, the average water temperature varied from 13°C in February to 26°C in July, which, taking into account the temperature of 16-28°C in warm water fish life, is proportional to It is the standard temperature for raising carp fish. Due to the heavy rains and the occurrence of floods and mudslides, it is necessary to use the river water indirectly by digging drains on the banks of the river. The minimum flow rate, i.e. 1.5 cubic meters per second, is considered as the basis for calculating the production capacity of tropical fish in the region in the 30 km accessible route from the length of the river to the lake of the Maroon Dam. Nevertheless, taking into account the distance of 2 to 3 kilometers to carry out the process of self-purification of river water after entering the effluent of each farm, as well as the limited access to river water in some places and the limitation of land and facilities, the number of 10 warm water fish farms With a concrete structure, the capacity of each farm is 250 tons, and the total capacity of cultivation on the river bank was estimated at 2500 tons.

Microalgae are simple photosynthetic unicellular or multicellular microorganisms. Their size is generally smaller than 400 microns and they form the basis of the entire aquatic food chain. These microorganisms due to their high adaptability to different ecological conditions; They have a high variety. In the last few decades, researchers and scientists are focused on investigating microalgae for the possibility of their exploitation as a source of energy production and sustainable control of environmental pollutants. On the other hand, this group of aquatic animals has been considered as a suitable nutrient in aquaculture due to the high concentration of proteins, vitamins and fatty acids, antioxidant molecules and pigments. In order to enter the field of exploitation of these microorganisms in the field of biotechnology and aquaculture, the cultivation of a large amount of these microalgae is required. The production of significant amounts of algal biomass in addition to the culture medium used increases the possibility of contamination. The presence of biological pollutants can often lead to a decrease in biomass and sometimes widespread death of microalgae. In commercial cultivation, fungi are one of the main contamination factors. This review is related to the common cases of contamination of laboratory and open algal culture and especially fungal pollutants.