نشریه کیفیت و ماندگاری تولیدات کشاورزی و مواد غذایی
سال سوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 12، بهار 1403)

poultry meat is considered as the main sources of animal proteins, essential amino acids, minerals and vitamins, however, contamination of poultry meat with heavy metals can cause irreparable damage to consumers. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to evaluate lead, arsenic and cadmium in poultry meat offered in Tehran city. The number of 45 samples of breast meat, including 15 samples of chicken meat, 15 samples of turkey meat and 15 samples of quail meat, were randomly sampled from the supply centers of this product in Tehran, and after being transferred to the laboratory, the number of heavy metals was determined by the atomic absorption device. Were measured. The results showed that the average heavy metals in 15 samples of quail meat were 0.04 cadmium, 0.07 arsenic and 0.108 lead, in chicken meat 0.748 cadmium, 0.43 arsenic and 0.717 lead in turkey meat for Cadmium was 0.569, arsenic was 0.08 and lead was 1.184 mg/kg. Statistical analyzes showed that there is a significant difference between the number of heavy metals and the type of food (p<0.05). The results showed that the concentration of heavy metals in all samples exceeded the national standard, and therefore it.

The objective of this study was to investigate the utilization of Boswellia serrata gum (BSG) and Glycyrrhiza glabra root (GGR) alcohol extracts as natural antioxidants for retarding acrylamide formation and lipid oxidation in shallow fried beef hamburger. BSG and GGR extracts separately were added to hamburger formulation at 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% (w/w) levels and the sample with combination of these extracts (1.0% BSG and 1.0% GGR) also was prepared. Then, the prepared samples were fried at 170°C for 8 min. The obtained results revealed that BSG and GGR alcohol extracts hadn’t significant effect on pH of hamburger. BSG and GGR extracts addition (at 2.0% level) respectively reduced the acrylamide formation by 32.95% and 49.87% compared to the control, significantly (p<0.05). By increasing the concentration of BSG and GGR extracts, the oxidation process decreased, so that the peroxide, anisidine, TBA and Totox values of treated samples significantly were lower than control (p<0.05). GGR extract at 2.0% level had the highest antioxidant activity than other samples, and the combined sample and sample with 1.5% GGR extract were at the second place. The sensory evaluation showed that BSG and GGR extracts didn’t affect the hamburger’s texture and color, while, by increasing the GGR extract concentration in formulation, the flavor and overall acceptability scores significantly were decreased (p<0.05).

Enterobacter cloacae strains, with having different virulence factors and multiple antibiotic resistances, are mainly considered as an opportunistic pathogen in nosocomial infections. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Enterobacter aerogenes isolates isolated from urinary tract infections in Shahrekord city and to detect broad-spectrum beta-lactamase (SHV-CTX, TEM) genes in these strains. In this study, 65 Enterobacter cloacae strains were studied. The antibiotic resistance of the isolates and the frequency of broad-spectrum beta-lactamase genes were studied phenotypically according to CLSI by instructions using a combined disk and genotypic method in the presence of specific primers. Out of 65 isolates of Enterobacter cloacae, 25 isolates (38.26%) were found to produce ESBLs in the phenotypic study, and the frequency of blaCTX-M, blaTEM and blaSHV genes was reported as 28%, 32% and 10%, respectively. In the statistical analysis, no significant statistical relationship was observed between resistance to the antibiotics and bla genes. The present study indicates high prevalence ESBLs producing Enterobacter cloacae strains. The present study suggests that ESBL producing Enterobacter cloacae isolates have a high prevalence. The increase in the number of these species is often due to the irrational administration of antibiotics, which requires the use of new antimicrobial agents and limiting the unnecessary use of antimicrobial agents and increasing the use of infection control tools.

Aquatic is one of the most important food items in the food table of the people of the world and especially in Iran. Increasing the shelf life of fish is one of the most important challenges faced by food industry researchers today. In this study, the effects of green tea extract and Germanders extract on microbial and qualitative changes of carp were monitored for 20 days at 4°C. In this study, extracts of green tea leaves and tuberose plants were extracted by ultrasound. At three concentrations of 1, 1.5 and 2 volumes / volumes, an antioxidant strength (total phenol and DPPH) and microbial. The results of antioxidant and microbial strength tests showed that extract with 2% concentration had the most antioxidant and antimicrobial properties compared to other extracts. Four concentrations of zero, 1, 1.5 and 2% (v/v) were prepared from the extracts from the ultrasound method and added to the carp. The fish were subjected to TVB-N, TVC, peroxide number, thiobarbituric acid and pH tests for 20 days and every 5 days. At the end of the day, 20 results showed that with increasing concentrations of extract, pH, peroxide, thiobarbituric acid, total ester and total bacterial count decreased significantly, compared to the control and lower concentrations (P<0/05). At the end of the study, the treated fish with 2% extract showed the best quality and microbial yield. Therefore, this study considers the use of green tea extract and Germanders extract for keeping carp.

Nanotechnology is a novel and promising technology that has been introduced into many fields, including medicine, agriculture, and the food industry. For the food industry, nanotechnology is of great interest as an emerging technology in the area of food processing, safety, and packaging. With regard to food safety, nanotechnology is utilized to detect pathogens and toxins in food products and to strengthen barrier properties. Nanotechnologies for packaging ensure food safety and lead to extended shelf lives, through the prevention of decomposition and nutrient loss. Apart from providing protection against environmental conditions, active packaging also plays a crucial role in preserving food. Additionally, nanotechnology is widely used in food packaging as an antimicrobial and to produce intelligent packaging. However, nanoparticles may have a potential toxicity risk to human health. Therefore, establishing an adequate regulatory system to manage the potential risks associated with nanotechnology applications is recommended. The Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development recommended the standard test guidelines be used for the hazard assessment of nanomaterials for chemical safety. This review covered nanotechnology in food safety and packaging concerns.

The Quran and religious teachings underscore the significance of agriculture and farming as a continuous human endeavor. Through effort and work, humans have been granted the means of comfort and sustenance, with halal business promoting peace. Ethical considerations in agriculture encompass human intervention in nature, the impact of agricultural practices, and the responsibility towards maintaining a healthy environment and fertile land for sustainable production and consumption. With growing public awareness of health risks associated with conventional food production and environmental degradation, organic agriculture has garnered significant attention for its focus on sustainable and eco-friendly practices. In Islam, the importance of clean and Halal food production aligns with the principles of organic agriculture, emphasizing ethical considerations for human and animal health as well as environmental preservation. Therefore, the revival and promotion of organic agriculture is not only an ethical imperative but also a crucial necessity for global sustainability and the well-being of humanity.

With the expansion Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), the contamination of food with these pollutants has become a health threat all over the world in such a way that many regulatory authorities have set permissible limits for them. Today, the measurement of these pollutants in food is one of the important research fields. In this research, ZnO/MWCNTs nanocomposite coating was fabricated on stainless steel and investigated as a new upper space solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) fiber coating for extracting small amounts of environmental pollutants. The characteristics of the prepared nanocomposite were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The parameters affecting the HS-SPME of hydrocarbons (for example, extraction temperature, extraction time, desorption temperature, desorption time, and salt concentration) were investigated and optimized using the method of one variable at a time. The coating was used to measure 4 PAHs including naphthalene, fluorene, anthracene and phenanthrene in hookah water samples obtained from different tobaccos. The results show that the prepared nanocomposite can be a promising coating material for future applications of SPME and related sample preparation techniques. This method was linear in the concentration range of 1 to 20 μg/liter for the 4 PAHs, and the RSD% of the method was less than 9%, and the LOQ were generally around 0.3 μg/liter.