پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی
سال شانزدهم شماره 32 (پاییز و زمستان 1403)

For more than a decade, major airports have been transitioning from a simple environment with air infrastructure for passengers and cargo to a diverse city with an airport at its center along with commercial developments and people's activities. Airports with this type of structure are called airport cities. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative section includes managers, professors, and experts who have had a noteworthy scientific or practical effect in the field of organizational entrepreneurship model. Therefore, in the qualitative phase, seventeen experts were present in the interview and formed the statistical sample of this section. The basic tool of data collection in the qualitative phase of the research was a semi-structured interview using the protocol, and in the quantitative part, the statistical population consisted of business managers of airport towns. And in a small part, the statistical population includes business managers of airport settlements. The researcher analyzed the results of the qualitative research and coding, including entrepreneurial leadership, human resources capabilities, new social needs, organization culture and values, organization mission and organizational structure, innovation, intelligent risk-taking, strategic renewal, enabling policies and entrepreneur-oriented talent management, economic-social environment, excellence of human resources, improvement of organization performance and social value creation

According to the psychology perspective, although each person's personality traits including agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, extraversion, and openness vary among different people, they remain relatively constant over time. Based on this, this diversity in individual differences and its stability over time, are able to describe human behavior in different scenarios of life. Therefore, in this research, the impact of these five personality traits on the decision-making process of investment allocation has been investigated through the channels of beliefs, risk preferences and social interactions of investors. To achieve this goal, 264 questionnaires were collected from the investors of Tehran Stock Exchange and analyzed using the regression model using Eviuse 8 software. The results showed that conscientiousness, extraversion, and neuroticism personalities were more determining factors in explaining the participants' beliefs, while extraversion, neuroticism and openness personalities have broader social interactions than other personalities. In addition, the findings indicate that openness and extraversion investors have less risk aversion, while neuroticism investors have a higher risk aversion. Finally, neuroticism, extraversion, and openness personalities are more decisive factors in the allocation of participants' assets that these factors can be interpreted through the views of beliefs, risk preferences and social interactions. The results also showed that the variables of gender, age, and education have an impact on people's investment decisions.

In today's turbulent world and uncertain conditions, the strategic planning of technologies plays an important role in their successful management and is considered the cornerstone of technology management in technology-oriented organizations. Strategic planning of technologies in defense research centers, which are the pioneers of creation and development of a significant part of the country's technologies, is very key and an undeniable necessity. Therefore, this study has been compiled with the aim of providing a model for strategic planning of emerging technologies of defense research centers. This research was conducted with an action research approach and based on the Susman & Evered model in four phases of observation and planning; Developing a strategic planning model for emerging defense technology; Model implementation in defense research centers; And monitoring and review has been used, which has lasted for more than a year. In the observation and planning stage, review and analysis of the literature on strategic planning of technology and problem diagnosis and creating a common understanding of managers and relevant experts were done, and in the stage of drafting the initial model, with the opinion of experts including 15 managers, researchers and faculty members of defense research centers. , in a qualitative method and using fuzzy screening and focus group interviews, the local model of strategic planning of technologies according to the ecosystem of the defense sector was presented. In the next stage, with the formation of specialized working groups in defense research centers, this model was used and the related technologies were counted according to it, and the validation of the model was done in practice. In the monitoring and revision phase, after the implementation of the strategic planning model for emerging defense technology developed in the defense research centers, the initial theoretical model was compared with the operationalized model, and the final model was approved by the experts. Defense research centers were placed. The results of the research showed that the strategic planning of emerging technologies in defense research centers includes a six-stage, hierarchical model in the form of sixteen steps. This model includes six stages of identifying technological needs and required capabilities, designing and developing a product based on capabilities, identifying and choosing technological solutions, developing a technology macro map, developing an operational and monitoring plan, as well as protection, support and commercialization of technology at the same time and in connection exhibited with each other and tries to provide the most help to the purposeful fulfillment of their mission by aligning and creating a logical connection between the activities of defense research centers and defense needs. In the presented model, considering the period of planning and monitoring and evaluation in the form of four-year, annual and monthly periods, it has been tried to pay attention to the relationship between strategies and macro-plans with operational plans. Also, turning strategies into tangible and measurable executive actions should be taken into consideration.

Customer loyalty is an effective and profitable investment for service companies. The present study aims to provide innovative marketing strategies to increase user satisfaction with hotel booking apps and transform them into loyal users in Iran. In this research, the survey method was used to collect data, and the correlation method was used to analyze the data. The statistical population of this study was people who had installed mobile booking apps for Iranian hotels on their mobile phones. A total of 384 of these individuals were selected as the sample using Cochran's formula. A questionnaire based on the Likert scale was used to collect information, and standard descriptive tests and structural equation modeling based on Smart-Pls software were used to analyze the data. Findings obtained from the present study reveal that innovative marketing strategies, with a coefficient of 0.687, increase user satisfaction, and with a coefficient of 0.276, increase loyalty. User satisfaction, with a coefficient of 0.566, also affects loyalty. Innovative marketing strategies in hotel booking apps increase user satisfaction with these apps and turn ordinary users of these apps into loyal users.

This research aims to investigate the effect of green technology with the mediation of smart logistics and moderation of green governance on the sustainable performance of knowledge-based companies. In terms of purpose, this research is applied, and in terms of information gathering method, it is descriptive.  The study is also a correlation type, and a questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population of the current research was all managers of knowledge-based companies in the West and East Azerbaijan provinces, which included 440 companies. Based on Morgan's table, the required sample size of 205 people was obtained by stratified random sampling. For more certainty, 219 questionnaires were distributed. SPSS22, PLS3, and Excel software were used for data analysis. The findings of the research showed that green technology has a positive and significant effect on sustainable performance and smart logistics. In addition, smart logistics significantly impacts the sustainable performance of the company. Moreover, green governance has a positive moderating role in the impact of green technology on smart logistics. Green governance also has a positive moderating role in the impact of smart logistics on the company's sustainable performance. Finally, smart logistics positively mediates the relationship between green technology and sustainable company performance. From this study, it can be concluded that applying green technologies can help knowledge-based companies understand the potential of digital platforms to support innovation and sustainable performance. However, to achieve a higher sustainable performance, knowledge-based companies should adopt a smart logistics approach, which will not only reduce the negative impact on the climate but also benefit economic growth and society.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating role of industry dynamism and the mediating role of information and communication technology capability on the relationship between technology readiness and artificial intelligence-based customer relationship management. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and follows a descriptive survey approach. The data was collected from 116 company managers using a field method and a standard questionnaire and analyzed using the structural equation method. The results showed that technology readiness during the fourth industrial revolution is positively related to the capability of artificial intelligence-based customer relationship management, and the capability of information and communication technology moderates this relationship. Industry dynamism moderates the relationship between ICT capacity and AI-based customer relationship management capability. The higher the dynamism of the industry, the greater the impact of information and communication technology capability on AI-based customer relationship management. Therefore, companies should focus more on dynamism capabilities, i.e., the capability of artificial intelligence-based customer relationship management in dynamic situations. A firm can develop a dynamism capability when it can combine, build, and reconfigure its technology readiness and ICT capabilities in response to a changing business situation. Rapid technological changes, changes in production and labor markets, population change from villages to cities in developing countries, and climate changes make managers pay attention to the development of dynamism capabilities, i.e., the capability of AI-based customer relationship management to focus on evolution in this changing environment.

The purpose of this research is to identify the dimensions of the entrepreneurial university and the regional advantage and model the impact of entrepreneurial university's dimensions and components on the development of regional advantages. This study follows a mixed approach; the qualitative part is phenomenological, and the quantitative part is descriptive and developmental based on nature and goal. In the qualitative section, 11 experts from the Entrepreneur University field were interviewed using a semi-structured interview.  By applying the open code’s theme technique, central codes and dimensions of the entrepreneurial university and regional advantage were identified. Next, a 108-question questionnaire was designed based on the extracted codes. A total of 327 questionnaires were completed. The quantitative part data was analyzed by the structural equation model method with PLS software. The qualitative section identified 15 dimensions of the entrepreneurial university and four dimensions of regional advantage. The results of the quantitative part showed that the entrepreneurial university variable significantly affected the regional advantage variable with an influence coefficient of 0.791. Based on the findings, in order to become an entrepreneur at the Dezful JundiShapur University of Technology, it is suggested to consider the 19 dimensions obtained for the entrepreneurial university and the region's advantages, which are identified based on the region's local indicators.

The present study aims to apply a scenario-writing approach to forecast the future of professional ethics within Iran’s business ecosystem by the horizon of 2031. This research is applied in nature and combines documentary and survey methods, drawing upon new analytical and exploratory methods in futures studies. The target population includes managers of business enterprises and academic experts specializing in professional ethics and business. Initially, through library studies and an expert panel, the study identifies trends impacting professional ethics within Iran's business ecosystem by 2031. Subsequently, these trends undergo refinement through a two-stage Delphi method, followed by the identification of ten key factors using structural analysis. Finally, scenarios were generated to outline possible futures for professional ethics in Iran’s business landscape. For data analysis, SPSS, MICMAC, and Scenario Wizard software were utilized. The analysis yielded 2,857 combined scenarios, of which 15 were categorized as strong or likely, 19 as plausible, and 23 as weak. Among the probable scenarios, the findings indicated that most influential indicators on the future of professional ethics in Iran’s business ecosystem by 2031 are in a critical state. This study outlines four primary scenarios for the future of professional ethics in Iranian business: "Justice in Flux," "Local Management, Global Market," "Survival in the Dark Ages," and "National Engagement, Global Resistance." The results highlight that key factors, such as legal transparency, government oversight, international relations, and strengthening of local values, play a vital role in either enhancing or weakening professional ethics and organizational commitment. Aligning with similar studies, these findings emphasize the importance of transparent policies, international interactions, and cultural identity reinforcement, and recommend a balanced approach for managers and policymakers to improve ethical standards and business sustainability.

Direct and unique experiences with a product provide a deeper understanding of its benefits and features, ultimately having a greater impact on customer satisfaction and judgment. In stealth marketing, creating creative and extraordinary experiences can strengthen the role of a mediator in influencing customer experience. This study examines the impact of customer experience on product judgment and the environment, the importance of human senses in creating positive or negative experiences and, ultimately, the role of stealth marketing in consumer judgment. The present research is quantitative in nature and applied in terms of its goal. In terms of data collection and analysis methods, it is descriptive and non-experimental, with analyses conducted using structural equation modeling. Additionally, the research is a survey type, as data were collected through a questionnaire. The statistical population of this study included customers of chain stores in the city of Sanandaj, located in Kurdistan Province, and the questionnaire was distributed among 280 customers, determined using the G*Power software. Findings show that with a path coefficient of 0.504, there is a positive and significant effect between stealth marketing and customer experience. Furthermore, the relationship between customer experience and consumer judgment, with a coefficient of 0.458, indicates a positive and significant impact. Additionally, the direct relationship between stealth marketing and consumer judgment is shown with a coefficient of 0.309, indicating a positive but less significant effect compared to the indirect relationship via customer experience. The results of the study revealed that experience and stealth marketing together play a stronger and more meaningful role in consumer judgment.

In addition to education and research, universities have increased their interaction with industry and society, and by focusing on technology transfer to industry, they contribute to the social and economic development of their regions and countries. In other words, in the evolution of their role, universities have moved from educational and research universities to entrepreneurial universities, and today, in the new generation of universities, the role of society-oriented science and technology transfer has been added to their previous roles. At present, society's expectation of the contribution of academic science to economic development has greatly increased. In this regard and to justify the investment in academic research, universities have started their entrepreneurial activities by investing in knowledge, interacting closely with industry, and developing internal structures to deal with new business demands. This research, with an ecosystem perspective, identifies environmental factors influencing the successful transfer of technology from university to industry.

The current research was conducted to provide a model of professional competencies of Mellat Bank employees of the Islamic Republic of Iran based on human and social development. The present research method is qualitative, and the statistical community included all elites and experts in the field of public administration and managers and heads of Mellat Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran with a scientific background related to human resources and a history of working as a manager or consultant in the banking industry in 1401. From these, 373 individuals were selected for gathering quantitative data, and 15 people were selected for interviews. The research tool consisted of a semi-structured and open-ended interview designed in 6 steps and was conducted in the quantitative part of the questionnaire designed from the qualitative part. The findings from the qualitative phase were analyzed using Max QDA software. From the analysis of 15 interviews, a total of 236 initial codes were extracted. After analyzing the text of the interviews, 41 basic themes and 15 organizing themes were extracted. In the final stage, by examining the organizing themes, four overarching themes were obtained: individual competencies and self-development, organizational competencies, social competencies, and leadership competencies.

This research aims to explain a model for evaluating factors affecting supply chain strategies in small and medium dairy companies in Khorasan province. The current research is a qualitative-quantitative study using the thematic analysis method to explain the mentioned model. The data collection method in the qualitative phase was a semi-structured interview. The study population of the qualitative research included the employees and elites of small and medium-sized production companies active in the dairy industry located in North, Razavi, and South Khorasan provinces, who had theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of the subject under study and sufficient knowledge and mastery over the phenomenon under investigation. The studied sample also consisted of people with at least 10 years of work experience and a complete understanding of the practical concepts of the supply chain. The participants were selected through the purposive sampling method. Since data saturation determines the sample size in the qualitative section, more samples were interviewed until the data was sufficient. Then, quantitative analysis was done to validate the obtained model, including exploratory and confirmatory analysis. A small part of the statistical population, including all dairy industry workers, was considered, and a list of all managers and activists of this industry was prepared. Sampling was done in a simple random way among the names. Data collection was carried out using a researcher-made questionnaire. Quantitative data analysis was also done using structural equation modeling. Based on the results obtained, seven effective factors in the supply chain strategy were identified: task factors, environmental green factors, economic factors, resilience, and its dimensions, including marketing mix, customer orientation, and organizational structure were identified. The results of the quantitative part, with the confirmation of the qualitative findings, indicate the significant impact of all factors on the supply chain strategy. The results show that the extracted factors of the supply chain were less observed in other studies and are appropriate for the Iranian landscape. The innovation of this research can be examined from many other aspects. For example, the resilience raised in connection with Iranian society is different from that in other countries. The style of dealing with this issue differs in Iran and other countries.

The family physician plan is an integrated service delivery method at the first level of health service delivery, in which the family physician and his team members are responsible for providing comprehensive, continuous, coordinated, and individual and family-based health services. This research was conducted to identify the empowerment of family physicians to improve the quality of services in managing social security treatment in Mazandaran province. The statistical population of the qualitative section consisted of experts, including family physicians and treatment management managers of Mazandaran province, who had at least five years of management or family physician experience. The number of sample people in the qualitative section was selected based on the snowball sampling method. Interview tools and a researcher-made questionnaire based on the results of interviews and content analysis were used to collect information. The supervisors and the consultant determined the face validity of the questionnaire, and the CVR index determined its content validity. Data analysis was conducted using the meta-combination technique. Results showed that 57 indices were identified in four dimensions and 11 components. The required infrastructure, communication, and planning criteria were identified for the next step. For the dimension of motivational mechanisms, the criteria of motivation, awareness, and power of action were selected, and for the dimension of management indicators, the criteria of evaluation, management, and financial supervision were selected. In order to improve service delivery methods, training and process improvement criteria were also determined. Therefore, the identified empowerment indicators of family physicians led to the improvement of the quality of services in social security treatment management in Mazandaran.

The innovative self-collection service in urban logistics is proposed as an alternative to door-to-door delivery, offering environmental and social benefits. This research aims to investigate the level of awareness among the population regarding the new self-collection service for order deliveries by preparing a questionnaire and conducting interviews with residents of Tehran. It also aims to identify the factors influencing customers' choice of this service and to examine the relationships between these factors using the fuzzy DANP approach. Ultimately, the research seeks to present a mathematical model for covering self-collection centers within an urban logistics network, aiming to minimize the distance traveled by consumers. The study's findings indicate that the awareness of the self-collection service among the population in Iran is very low. However, there is a significant increase in the population's interest in this service when the collection points are located nearby, demonstrating the high potential of this innovative initiative. Furthermore, data analysis reveals that the criteria of 1) proximity of self-collection locations to customers, 2) cost differences between door-to-door delivery and self-collection services, and 3) the quality of services provided at these centers play a crucial role in advancing this new initiative. Finally, the research recommends public awareness and education about the environmental and economic benefits of this new service, mapping consumer purchasing habits, identifying strategic points, providing financial incentives and discounts, and enhancing service quality to increase customer acceptance of self-collection services, which will lead to improved performance of the urban logistics network.