فصلنامه تحقیقات جغرافیایی
سال سی و نهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 154، پاییز 1403)

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of organizing criteria for land uses along the riverbanks in the city of Noor in 2024.

This research is applied and descriptive-analytical in nature, conducted in the city of Noor in 2024. The statistical population includes citizens and experts in urban management and tourism. A total of 379 individuals were selected through simple random sampling based on Cochran's formula. Data were collected using a questionnaire based on relevant indices and a five-point Likert scale. The validity and reliability of the instrument were ensured through expert validation and a Cronbach's alpha coefficient greater than 0.7. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, with one-sample t-tests and Friedman tests used to evaluate and prioritize the criteria.

The criteria for recreational and welfare facilities, economic aspects, environmental factors, institutional and legal support, and public participation were found to be below the desired average, indicating significant weaknesses. In contrast, the criteria for physical infrastructure, security, and protection were above the average and played a positive role in sustainable tourism development. The proposed conceptual model emphasized the balance between natural, economic, social, and managerial dimensions.

Urban riverbank land use in Noor City has significant weaknesses in recreational and economic facilities, environmental sustainability, institutional support, and public participation, all scoring below desired levels. Conversely, infrastructure and security measures were found effective, aiding sustainable tourism development.

In recent years, urban challenges have emerged alongside increasing civic demands, prompting discussions around the concept of "the right to the city." Contemporary social and political transformations, including capitalist dominance and the rise of urban social movements, have led to evolving interpretations of this right. Therefore, the present study seeks to conceptualize and model the approach to the right to the city within the urban context, focusing on Yazd city as a case study.

This research employed a descriptive-analytical method and was categorized as applied research. Data collection involved both documentary review and fieldwork approaches. The statistical population comprised 515,659 citizens of Yazd, with a sample size of 325 determined using Cochran's formula. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26 software, the t-test, structural modeling, and AMOS 26 software.

The t-test results indicated that the examined components of the right to the city (namely control and ownership, urban vitality, and citizen participation) were in a suboptimal state, falling below the standard level. Pearson's correlation test revealed a positive and significant relationship among all dimensions of the study parameters. Moreover, structural model analysis identified the citizen participation index as the most influential factor in advancing the right to the city approach compared to other components.

The core components of the right to the city (control and ownership, urban vitality, and citizen participation) are in a generally unfavorable condition.

The problems resulting from population growth and the increasing transformation of urban configurations have led to an increased importance of examining the environmental quality of urban open spaces as a multidimensional and complex concept. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the environmental quality indicators of urban open spaces in the Bagherabad neighborhood of Rasht.

The present research is of a descriptive-comparative type and was conducted in the city of Rasht in 2024. In this study, based on a document content analysis process, the environmental quality indicators of urban open spaces were extracted and then, based on the obtained indicators, a field survey was conducted with the aim of evaluating the environmental quality of open spaces in the Bagherabad neighborhood of Rasht city.

The comprehensive structure of evaluating the environmental quality of urban open spaces in the Bagherabad neighborhood is based on three objective, subjective and behavioral orientations and has 6 main dimensions, including social, physical, economic, environmental, service and personal. Based on the findings, Bagherabad neighborhood, in terms of open spaces, has a below-average environmental quality, and the strength of this area is in the natural elements and environmental dimension, and the main weakness is in the view, landscape, and aesthetics of the physical elements of the area. Also, the survey results showed that the most attention of citizens is on the issue of view, landscape, aesthetics, and security of the neighborhood.

It is concluded that the concept of environmental quality has a homogeneous and multifaceted structure, and changes in each of the indicators affect the other indicators. It is concluded that Bagherabad neighborhood has a lot of potential, especially in the environmental dimension and natural elements and the social dimension of the traditional texture of the area; Which can lead to the improvement of various indicators of the environmental quality of open spaces, especially the view, landscape, and aesthetics index, which are the main weaknesses of this neighborhood.

This study aims to examine the impact of urban tourism, public appeal, and realism on tourists' willingness to choose Tabriz as a travel destination.

This applied research utilized a Likert-scale questionnaire and a random sampling method to collect data from tourists at entry and exit points of Tabriz, including airports and passenger terminals. A systematic literature review was conducted using the Sandelowski and Barroso method to identify relevant indicators. Frequently mentioned indicators were then assessed through a survey, and the data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).

Since the T-statistic is greater than 1.96, independent variables have a significant effect on the dependent variable tourists' willingness to visit Tabriz at a confidence level above 95%. The P-value being less than 0.05 confirms the significant relationship between variables. Urban tourism has the highest impact (0.771) on tourists' willingness, followed by public appeal (0.608) and realism (0.576). Moreover, urban tourism directly influences public appeal, while public appeal and Islamic realism significantly affect tourists' interest in the destination. Additionally, public appeal and realism exhibit a direct correlation (0.595), implying that satisfaction with social and cultural interactions enhances the motivation for revisits or recommendations. Public appeal also affects tourists' overall experience and, ultimately, their perception of realism (0.386). The high correlation values, all close to +1, confirm strong relationships between the variables.

The findings suggest that factors such as the attractiveness of tourism activities, service quality, travel costs, historical sites, ethical considerations, and respect for tourists’ rights have the most substantial impact on tourists' willingness to choose Tabriz as a destination. Due to the data being collected within a specific timeframe and location, this study may not fully capture long-term behavioral changes, which could limit the generalizability of the findings.

Urban decay can be considered a type of urban disease affecting various dimensions. This study aimed to examine the physical factors influencing the decay of urban fabric in the neighborhoods of Haft Chenar and Bryanak in District 10 of Tehran Municipality. 

This descriptive-analytical research was conducted in 2024 in the Haft Chenar and Bryanak neighborhoods of District 10, Tehran Municipality. Through a review of theoretical foundations and field studies, criteria and indicators related to urban fabric decay were identified, and a 20-question questionnaire was developed. To evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire, 35 pilot questionnaires were distributed, and the data obtained were analyzed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The questionnaire was then distributed among 25 experts and specialists in related fields, and the weighting process for the indicators was performed using the AHP method. To prioritize neighborhoods, questionnaires were randomly distributed among residents of the neighborhoods (n=378). The data were analyzed using the TOPSIS method. 

The results indicated that the "quality of construction" index, with a weight of 0.286, was identified as the most significant factor. Following this, the "road network" index (0.194) and "population density" (0.172) ranked second and third, respectively. The "lighting" (0.165) and "urban environment" (0.183) indices were of comparatively lesser importance. This prioritization formed the basis for subsequent TOPSIS analyses. The results revealed that neighborhoods Haft Chenar 1 and Bryanak 1 ranked first due to better performance in the "quality of construction" and "road network" indices. In contrast, Haft Chenar 4 and Bryanak 4 ranked lowest due to weaknesses in the "lighting" and "urban environment" indices. 

Improving the quality of construction and road networks can significantly reduce physical decay. The findings of this study highlight the necessity of enhancing physical and environmental infrastructure in underserved neighborhoods.

Analyzing the impacts of land use, climate, and water resources on the sustainability of rural areas is a key topic in environmental studies and sustainable development, especially in watersheds. This study aims to investigate the effects of land use, climate, and water resources on the sustainability of villages in the Mond watershed.

This study integrates analytical methods using satellite data, statistical analyses, and literature reviews to comprehensively analyze and assess the status of water resources, land use changes, and climatic conditions in the villages of the Mond watershed. Data were collected using the Google Earth Engine platform. These data include remote sensing and satellite images, such as GRACE data for assessing groundwater changes and MODIS and Landsat data for evaluating land use changes from 2015 to 2023. For analyzing land use changes, satellite images and GIS-based spatial statistics were utilized to analyze spatial distribution maps of the villages.

The villages in the Mond watershed face multiple challenges, including declining water resources, climatic fluctuations, and increased pressure on natural resources. A gradual reduction in groundwater reserves, as well as a decrease in water coverage area from 2015 to 2023, has been observed. In villages located in the central and northern parts of the watershed, population growth and infrastructure development are more prominent due to better access to agricultural lands. Excessive pressure on groundwater has led to an annual decline of nearly one meter, resulting in the most significant land use changes occurring in agricultural lands (37%) and residential areas (13.6%).

Monitoring and managing land use changes are essential to prevent the excessive conversion of agricultural lands into residential and commercial areas, particularly in the central and northern parts of the watershed.

The current research was conducted with the aim of explaining and presenting the pattern of regeneration of old urban tissues with an emphasis on the strategic methods of sustainable income, the case study: the central tissue of the city of Tehran.

This research is applied and its purpose is to discover the relationships between variables and phenomena related to the variables of re-creating old urban textures and methods of sustainable urban income strategy. The statistical population of this study includes all experts and specialists in the fields of geography, urban planning and architecture. In order to select the samples, simple random sampling method was used. In this research, 165 people were randomly questioned among the experts. To analyze the relationships between the variables, Fan Dimtel has been used. Then, to analyze the data, the structural equation model was used in Smart PLS version 4 software to identify the cause and effect relationships between the variables.

Based on the findings, the indicators of sustainable infrastructure development (10.048), environmental sustainability (6.25) are important, and the relationships between the variables of sustainable income strategies with the path coefficient (16.837) show a greater effect on the diversity of income sources.

In terms of the variables related to the regeneration of old urban contexts, the variables of social participation and community empowerment with the path coefficient (7.16) and the variable of preservation and maintenance of the old context (2.083) show the lowest value of the path coefficient and the variables of sustainable infrastructure development And the creation of economic opportunities has led to the weakening of sustainable income strategies.

Security is one of the fundamental needs of humans, and due to population growth and increasing complexity, today's cities face more challenges in achieving security. The overall aim of this study was to explore the relationship between smart city drivers and sustainable urban security in the city of Semnan.

This research employed a descriptive correlational method to investigate the relationships between smart city dimensions and urban security in 2024 in Semnan. Data were collected through a questionnaire from 384 participants. For analysis, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and one-sample T-test were used. The results revealed that the dimensions of citizens, smart environment, and smart mobility had the most positive impact on urban security, while the dimensions of smart governance and smart dynamics need strengthening.

The findings indicate that the various dimensions of the smart city have different impacts on urban security in Semnan. "Citizens," "smart environment," and "smart mobility" have the most positive impact on urban security and should be strengthened in policy-making. On the other hand, "smart governance" and "smart dynamics" need revision and improvement. The results also show that 58% of the variance in urban security is explained by the dimensions of the smart city, indicating a strong relationship between these dimensions and urban security. Additionally, the urban security status in Semnan was found to be below expectations, and this difference is statistically significant.

The results of this study indicate that the various dimensions of a smart city, especially "citizens," "smart environment," and "smart mobility," have a significant impact on urban security, while the dimensions of "smart governance" and "smart dynamics" require strengthening and improvement to enhance urban security.