نشریه تحقیق و توسعه سلامت
سال دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 5، پاییز 1403)

Emergency medical technicians are the first responders to stressful situations, and this stress can lead to burnout over time. Burnout may impair their performance. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the assocition between occupational stress, burnout, and performance among emergency medical technicians.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 63 emergency medical technicians at the Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, in 2022. The study used a census method with standardized questionnaires: the HSE Occupational Stress Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Hersey and Goldsmith Job Performance Questionnaire. The content validity and reliability of the questionnaires were confirmed, with coefficients of 0.92, 0.71, and 0.69, respectively. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient through SPSS statistical software.

The findings indicated a significant positive correlation between stress and burnout (r = 0.883, p = 0.025). A significant negative correlation was observed between burnout and performance (r = - 0.181, p = 0.021). Furthermore, a negative relationship between stress and performance was confirmed through the mediating variable of burnout (r = -0.355, p = 0.043).

According to the study's findings, stress leads to increased burnout and decreased performance. Therefore, it is recommended that health policymakers implement interventions to reduce stress and strengthen coping resources to help decrease burnout among emergency medical technicians.

Nurse migration, as a key human resource in the healthcare system, is considered a significant challenge. In recent years, this phenomenon has reached an alarming level. This study was conducted to investigate and identify the reasons behind nurse migration.

This study is a narrative review. A systematic search was performed in reputable databases using the Persian and English keywords "migration," "migrants," "nurses," and "nurse migration." To ensure comprehensive coverage, the search was conducted without time limitations and using logical operators AND and OR. Ultimately, 36 relevant studies were selected for review.

Based on the findings, the reasons for nurse migration are divided into two main categories: Push Factors and Pull Factors. Push factors include low wages, limited educational opportunities, low job satisfaction, unstable political environment, workforce shortages, and physician dominance in decision-making. In contrast, pull factors include access to jobs with competitive wages, opportunities for professional advancement, recognition of nursing expertise, a favorable work environment, and opportunities for personal growth and development.

Nurse migration is a global challenge that requires effective managerial interventions and policymaking. The development and implementation of appropriate programs to attract and retain nurses, including improving working conditions, increasing salaries and benefits, providing educational opportunities, promoting professional development, and creating supportive and healthy work environments, can help mitigate this trend.

Previous studies have shown that advanced maternal age is directly associated with an increased risk of miscarriage and chromosomal abnormalities. This study aimed to investigate the pregnancy outcomes in women over 35 years age referred to Alavi Hospital in Ardabil during the years 2018 to 2020.

In this study, pregnant women over 35 years old who visited Alavi Hospital were followed from their first prenatal visit (up to the 8th week of pregnancy) until delivery to assess pregnancy outcomes. Background information and pregnancy outcomes were recorded using a researcher-made checklist based on patients' medical records and then analyzed using statistical software.

This study included 300 mothers over the age of 35. The mean age was 39.55±2.46 years, and the mean BMI was 28.57±2.78. Seven women (2.78%) had a history of smoking. The second pregnancy was reported in 133 cases (44.3%), and 31 women (10.3%) had used assisted reproductive technology. Chromosomal abnormalities in previous children were observed in 5 cases (1.7%). The most common pregnancy complications included cesarean delivery in 104 cases (34.7%), gestational diabetes in 21 cases (7%), preterm delivery in 19 cases (6.3%), and gestational hypertension in 15 cases (5%). Stillbirth was reported in 1 case (0.3%).

Cesarean delivery, gestational diabetes, preterm delivery, and gestational hypertension were the most common pregnancy complications in mothers over 35 years of age.

The main purpose of the current research is to determine the effects of obesity induced by high fat diet (HFD) on lipid profile and oxidative stress in plasma and ovarian samples of Wistar rats and to investigate its anti-apoptotic effects in ovarian cancer cells. In the animal study, female Wistar rats were divided into two groups fed with HFD and fed with standard control diet (SCD). After 14 weeks, mice in two groups were compared in terms of weight, biochemical factors, oxidative stress factors and ovarian tissue section. Also, in the cell culture model, the effect of serum samples taken from two groups on inhibition of cell apoptosis in SKOV3 cells has been investigated. Significant changes were observed in the ovarian tissue of two groups. HFD feeding increased mice weight, (P ˂0.01) glucose (P ˂0.05) and triglyceride (P ˂0.01) levels compared to SCD. Also, high levels of MDA (131±6.1 nmol/gr/tissue compared to 72.4±5.4) and decreased activity of SOD (525.3±23U/min/gr tissue compared to 189±23) and CAT enzymes (7.2±16 U/min/gr tissue compared to 16.2±2/3) were observed in the plasma and ovaries of rats fed with HFD compared to SCD. Cell treatment with serum samples from HFD-fed mice significantly inhibited cell apoptosis. Overall, our findings indicated that HFD-induced obesity may play an important role in ovarian cancer progression through changes in lipid profile and oxidative stress factors.

Physical inactivity and overweight not only affect the growth of adolescents but also their future health. The Health Belief Model (HBM) is one of the first theories specifically developed for health-related behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the effect of an educational intervention based on the HBM on physical activity and overweight among high school boys.

This randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2021 in Taybad. A total of 160 high school boys were divided into test and control groups. Demographic, HBM, and physical activity questionnaires were completed at three stages: before, during, and two months after the intervention. The validity of the researcher-made questionnaire was confirmed by 5 experts with a score of 0.79, and its reliability was determined with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.89. Four educational sessions were held for the intervention group. Data were analyzed using SPSS V.26 and covariance analysis.

The results showed that after the intervention, the scores of awareness, perceived sensitivity, and perceived severity in the test group were significantly higher than in the control group. Additionally, perceived barriers were lower, and the scores of cues to action, self-efficacy, and behavior were higher in the test group. Physical activity scores and mean BMI also significantly improved in the test group (P≤0.05)

  This study demonstrated that an educational intervention based on the HBM can effectively increase physical activity and reduce overweight among high school boys. By increasing awareness, perceived sensitivity and severity, self-efficacy, and reducing barriers, students were able to adopt healthier behaviors. These findings suggest that using HBM in educational programs can be an effective method for promoting student health and preventing issues related to physical inactivity and overweight.

suicide is one of the problems affected by cultural, regional and multifactorial factors. Currently, there is no regular reporting regarding the prevalence and risk factors of suicide in the country. The current study was conducted with the aim of investigating the prevalence of suicide and its related factors in cases referred to the General Department of Forensic Medicine of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province.

In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the files of the deceased suspected of suicide in the autopsy file of the General Department of Forensic Medicine of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province during the years 1389 to 1398 were examined.

The files of 528 people were included in the study. The average age of the deceased suspected of suicide was 33.88 ± 16.08 years. 60.4% of the deceased were in the age range of 15-34 years. In the study, 75.8% of the deceased were men. And the method of committing suicide was hanging in 74.4% of cases. The method of committing suicide was significantly related to gender, age, education and occupation (P<0.05), but it was not related to the season of the year, previous history of committing suicide, and the year of the act. There was a significant difference in the age and marital status of suicide attempters according to gender (P<0.05). In the group of women, a higher prevalence of suicide was observed in married and younger women (P<0.023).

Suicide in the province is a serious problem that has increased in recent years. In this context, there is a serious need to identify people at risk, and to apply preventive and supportive measures.

With the onset of the coronavirus pandemic, the spread of misinformation on social media was increasing daily. Disease outbreaks often create misconceptions that mislead people about the dangers they face and how best to protect themselves. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating people's views on cyberspace and rumors about the coronavirus in Khuzestan province.

The present study was a cross-sectional study using quantitative online survey data. The research tool is a structured questionnaire is about checking rumors and false information about the corona virus in cyber space (30 questions) and the knowledge of using cyber space (13 questions). Descriptive and analytical statistics were used to analyze the data with the help of Stata12 software.

Out of 1042 respondents, 748 were women and 412 were 25-34 years old. The mean (standard deviation) of misinformation published about the coronavirus disease was 105.3 (12.7) and people's knowledge about cyberspace was 19.7 (3.3). No statistically significant correlation was observed between the amount of misinformation published and people's knowledge of cyberspace about the coronavirus disease (p value = 0.2). There was a statistically significant difference in the mean of misinformation and rumors between age groups (p value = 0.003), education level (p value = 0.0001) and job status (p value = 0.0001).

According to the results, programs should be set up to increase awareness and knowledge of the public in order to use virtual space and strategies to prevent the use of false information. Multi-stakeholder interventions are necessary to curb this phenomenon and use the power of social media to disseminate reliable and verified information.

Epilepsy and migraine are two common neurological disorders associated with the central nervous system. While numerous studies have separately focused on these conditions, limited information exists regarding the co-occurrence of these two diseases. This study aims to determine the prevalence of migraine headaches and their characteristics in patients with epilepsy.

This descriptive study was conducted on 500 patients diagnosed with epilepsy by a neurologist between 2019 and 2021. The patients were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected using a questionnaire and detailed patient history to assess migraine headaches.

A total of 146 patients (29.2%) were found to have migraine headaches. Among the types of migraine, migraine with aura was observed in 45 patients (30.8%), migraine without aura in 76 patients (52.1%), and both migraine with and without aura in 25 patients (17.1%).

The findings of this study indicate that the prevalence of migraine headaches in patients with epilepsy is significant, with nearly one-third of these patients suffering from migraine. Migraine without aura was the most prevalent type among the migraine subtypes. These results suggest a potential overlap of pathophysiological mechanisms between epilepsy and migraine, emphasizing the importance of a thorough evaluation of migraine headaches in patients with epilepsy. Special attention to this co-occurrence may contribute to better management of patients and improvement in their quality of life.