پژوهشنامه اقتصاد و کسب و کار
پیاپی 34 (پاییز 1403)

Improvement in all fields has been one of the most important issues in management and finance. Considering that venture capital have the important task of financing start-ups and new knowledge-based companies, etc., there is no doubt that the improvement of these funds will have many positive effects. In this regard, this research was done with the aim of improving the performance of Iran's venture capital with the systemic approach of Iran. The method of conducting this research is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). In the qualitative part of the research, the required data was first collected based on interviews with 20 experts, and then 156 primary codes were extracted using the content analysis (theme) method, and then 25 sub-themes were identified and finally 8 underlying main themes (variables) for Improved performance of bold financial funds. Then, in the quantitative part, the opinions of 20 experts on the effectiveness of the extracted basic components were confirmed using the fuzzy Delphi questionnaire. Next, to apply the dynamics of two causal-cyclical models by analyzing and explaining the relationships between the following components. The foundation was determined and then with the help of these two models, the main model was formulated with a dynamic approach, which consisted of two causal-cyclical models.

  In today's complex and ever-changing world, financial stability is recognized not only as one of the fundamental pillars in preventing financial crises but also as an influential factor in economic decision-making and sustainable development of societies. Monetary policy uncertainty refers to situations where changes and directions in central banks' monetary policies, especially regarding interest rates, money supply, and other monetary tools, are not predictable for economic agents. This article examines the relationship between financial stability, monetary policy uncertainty, and economic activities in selected oil-rich countries for the period 2002-2023. The results of the PSTR model estimation indicate that in oil-rich countries, monetary policy uncertainty negatively affects economic activities, and a one-unit increase in uncertainty results in a 0.25-unit decrease in economic activities. Additionally, oil revenues and the abundance of natural resources have a positive impact on economic growth. The nonlinear model shows that each unit increase in oil revenues results in a 0.18-unit increase in economic activities. Based on the results, it is suggested that the benefits derived from money creation can play a significant role in improving the economic structures of oil-rich countries. However, structural and institutional weaknesses in these countries may hinder optimal utilization of economic capacities. Therefore, economic policies should be implemented gradually and in coordination with financial liberalization processes and structural reforms to prevent financial and economic crises.

The main goal of the current research is to identify the success factors of technology-oriented startups in solving the challenges of Iran's fintech industry.  This research has been carried out in the framework of a mixed approach and using the foundational data method.  The collection tool in the qualitative section was selected from the sample by conducting a semi-structured interview.  Then, in the quantitative section, a pair scale with AHP technique was used to rank the factors.  The studied community were experts, faculty members and founders of startups in the fintech industry.  The purposeful sampling method and the selection of the sample according to the snowball process proceeded until the theoretical saturation was reached and 22 people were selected as the sample.  Strauss and Corbin method was used for data analysis in the qualitative part.  For the validity and reliability of the questions, the matching method by the members and the intra-subject agreement method were used.  The findings of the research show that the causal conditions include (focusing on the real needs of customers, the use of advanced technologies, ...), the central phenomenon (the success of technology-oriented startups in solving the challenges of Iran's fintech industry), the background conditions (supporting governance and creating an environment  appropriate business, development of talents and specialized human resources, ...), intervening conditions including (governance and legal support, ...), strategies including (improving the technological capabilities of startups in the field of fintech, creating specialized capital markets to attract investment  ,... ), the consequences include (development and sustainable growth of fintech industry in Iran, improving the quality and efficiency of financial and payment services, ...). Investing in cyber security using encryption and multi-factor authentication technologies can increase user trust.  the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning to analyze data and provide personalized services is of great importance.

In the content of human rights in Islam, women's rights have been raised in various economic, political and social fields in order to observe justice and social balance. According to Islam, employment is one of the divine rights of women, although it is not an obligation for women.On the other hand, due to the living conditions and the responsibilities that they bear regarding the care and upbringing of children, women often do not enjoy suitable job opportunities and are forced to accept vulnerable jobs such as domestic jobs, part-time jobs, with low wages and without social security .Since, according to Islam, there should not be any oppression and discrimination in social justice planning for people, including women, the investigation of the factors affecting the vulnerable employment of women in Islamic countries and what is involved in the transfer of women from the informal and vulnerable sector to the formal sector of the economy, is important. Therefore, this article was conducted with the aim of analyzing the effect of globalization and the legal rights strength on the vulnerable employment of women in 13 selected Islamic countries during the period of 2013-2022. For this purpose, Panel Dynamic Least Squares (PDOLS) method was used. The results indicated that the legal rights strength index had a negative effect on the vulnerable employment of women. Globalization index has a non-linear and U-shaped effect on women's vulnerable employment. Gender inequality and urban population have also had a positive effect on women's vulnerable employment.

Monetary policies financing is one of the important and practical tools in Islamic countries to improve financial conditions and increase the desired level of production of private companies, and monetary policies have a significant effect in controlling and predicting the cost of financing in line with the goal of increasing the economic power of the company. In this regard, the main goal of this research is the effectiveness of financing available to private production companies in Iran from monetary policies during the years 1390-1400. To achieve this goal, the variable of legal reserves of visual deposits is considered as an alternative variable of monetary policy in the Islamic banking system and the effect of this variable along with other macroeconomic variables such as real GDP growth, gross domestic fixed capital formation, Exchange rate fluctuations and monetary base on the facilities granted by the banking system in the above time period have been investigated. The estimation results of the model indicate the existence of a long-term equilibrium relationship between the model variables and the legal reserve rate variable has a negative effect and the investment variables, GDP growth, monetary base and exchange rate fluctuations have a positive and significant effect on the amount of facilities granted by the banking system. have a country Therefore, the most important practical suggestion of this study is that the monetary and banking policy makers of the country have taken steps to increase the amount of banking facilities in the country by reducing the legal reserve rate and increasing the excess and free reserves of the banking system, and in this way the ground for improving Provide domestic production capacity within the framework of Islamic banking law.

the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between stock market motives and investor sentiment .the spatial domain of this research is listed companies in tehran stock exchange and the time domain between 2015 to 2021 .the present study is one of the applied research and it is also in correlation research category .in this research , library method was used to collect data and information .in the data section of the study , through gathering data of sample companies with reference to financial statements , explanatory notes and the monthly stock exchange was performed .based on the systematic elimination method , 107 companies were selected as the statistical sample .in order to analyze the data , first , the variance of variance , f - limer test ,hasman test and jarc - lift test and then multivariate regression test were used to confirm and reject the research hypotheses .the results of hypothesis test showed that there is a significant relationship between stock return and stock return , initial release rate , stock trading volume , institutional investors and economic factors and investor sentiment to investment in stock market .