فصلنامه تحقیقات فرهنگی ایران
سال هجدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 69، بهار 1404)

The primary function of housing is to respond to human lifestyles, and currently, many residences are designed with less consideration for the preferences and needs of their inhabitants. In this research, aimed at examining the impact of individuals' lifestyles on the physical aspects of housing and addressing the question, “What are the contemporary spaces based on today’s lifestyle?”, a questionnaire was developed based on the Likert scale. The statistical population consists of 298 residents of District 5 of Tabriz, selected randomly. In the data analysis phase, the statistical software of SPSS was used, along with a combination of a one-sample t-test to assess the influence of each component, the Friedman test for component comparison, and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to examine the normality of score distribution. According to the analyses conducted, the highest correlation coefficients between contemporary lifestyles and housing are as follows: environmental dimension with a coefficient of 3.91, physical dimension 3.84, socio-cultural dimension 3.76, individual dimension 3.62, and economic dimension 3.55. Based on the results, the most important sub-components of the environmental, physical, socio-cultural, individual, and economic dimensions are related to environmental health, construction patterns, security, goals, and income levels, respectively. The proposed contemporary spaces in this research include a central water purification system, a central laundry, individual unit laundry facilities, waste chutes, mechanical car washes, a filter for the restroom entrance, a designed guard station for monitoring entries and exits, ensuring visibility to children's play areas, creating visual and physical connections between public and semi-public courtyards, designing health pathways, a gymnasium, and a swimming pool.

The relationship between humans and places, and consequently the sense of spatial and social belonging to urban spaces, has been one of the most important research topics in urban anthropology and sociology. Although the economic capital has significant effect on choosing a place of residence, the factors that enable one to stay and continue living in the chosen place, creating a sense of belonging and attachment to it, and making it difficult to leave, are social and cultural factors that are produced and reproduced within individuals’ living spaces. In the present study, inspired by Bourdieu’s theoretical approach, the social structures influencing individuals' decisions in choosing a place to live and the willingness to reside in District 6 of Tehran were examined. The field of study of the present research was the Amirabad neighborhood of Tehran, where the relationships between social capital, cultural capital, lifestyle, and the inclination to reside in the neighborhood were examined using survey methods and structural equation modeling. The results of the study indicated that the choice of residence is not only the outcome of structural factors such as security, social capital, and local amenities but is also influenced by individual actions and daily decisions related to lifestyle and leisure. Furthermore, habitual consumption patterns and leisure styles play a decisive role in the choice of residence for citizens.

This research aims to explain the cultural dynamics of Iranian society, part of which, lies in the contrast between past-oriented and future-oriented cultures. Media, as one of the tools of cultural reminiscence, can play a role in reviving the past-oriented discourse. For this purpose, the "Tunnel Zaman" program on Manoto TV channel, has been selected to analyze how the past Iranian culture is reproduced. The main question here is how this media plays a fundamental role in the representation and reproduction of the past-oriented discourse. The research has been conducted using the cultural semiotics method of the Tartu Moscow School, employing concepts such as binary oppositions, self and other, culture and non-culture, text and non-text, and presence and absence. This research accomplishes a kind of cultural typology of the past-oriented Iranian society. As a result, it became clear how media, especially in this study, the content of Manoto's "Tunnel Zaman", uses cultural mechanisms to transform the past from a state of non-text and death into a living text, as well as how the desirable past in this program, which is introduced as of the Pahlavi era, is reproduced and represented.

In many cases, what we perceive about the world around us, is due to the experience of reports and images presented by the media. The way women are represented in the media is also related to the ideology, beliefs, and goals of content producers, and different representations that lead to different interpretations by the audience. In this study, the representation of women in Iran and the United States on the Radio Farda website during the years 2020-2021 has been examined. This research uses the content analysis to explore how women's roles are depicted in media content. Based on the results of the research, news websites tend to publish news and events according to their ideology, thereby shaping public opinion. Coverage of news events by these websites is usually biased. This research tries to highlight the media bias while covering women's news is common, and based on the findings, it can be said that Persian-language media abroad (with an emphasis on Radio Farda) try to downplay the positive achievements of women in Iran and somewhat portray them negatively. Meanwhile, this same media presents a completely positive image of the status of women in the American society.

The topic of this article is the influence of virtual social networks on music and musicians of North Khorasan. The music of North Khorasan in the 80s has been influenced by virtual networks. In such a way that these networks have influenced popular music in its proximity. In this research, an attempt has been made to study this trend based on the issue of changes in ethnomusicology. The main question is how the changes will be made. The research method is qualitative and based on content analysis. The method of collecting sources from interviews is to investigate the activities of local musicians in virtual social networks and cultural aspects related to it. Undoubtedly, the changes resulting from media developments are different in each city or region. In this research, musician, music and audience are the three main pillars. In general, virtual networks have played a role in these cases: wider interaction with the audience, maintaining jobs in the field of music publishing and marketing, lower costs for music producers, star making of musicians in North Khorasan, activity such as studio recordings and making music videos, the possibility of uploading live performances and sharing artists liked by the audience. The mentioned process is evident in the closeness of the performing behavior of musicians to popular music, the selection of common songs that people are more inclined towards, and the audience's inclinations towards the audio and visual aspects of this field.

For the native people of northern Iran, the organization of the bloody battle of two bulls is called Varzajang. They insist on its continuation under titles such as safeguarding the local game, tradition, preservation of culture, and protection of identity. Although during the last few centuries, this unusual culture has undergone tremendous changes with the transformation of social structures, but its main core, "fighting two bulls", still remains. Recently, some university researchers also emphasized economic dimensions, its development to attract profit and financial income for the host, the attraction of tourism, and social cohesion. Although many tourists and historians in Iran have called this phenomenon a play since the past, but the ideal of the presence of wisdom in individual and social life makes us consider a play beautiful that accepts the equality of actors in its functions. This show, which has a kind of unconventional livelihood, denies half of its actors (women). Our intention to deal with this issue is not to try to bring women into this campaign, but to critically analyze it. Therefore, the central question is that the lack of presence of women in this ceremony indicates what kind of relationships? Therefore, the researcher tried to find an appropriate answer to the above questions with the bio-experiment among the mentioned activists and adopting the Moustakas strategy in phenomenology as a method as a result, Varzajang, in the continuation of the cultural tradition of the past in the society, despite the changes it has had, has not come close to the threshold of a cohesive social play.