نشریه اقتصاد و تجارت نوین
سال چهارم شماره 2 (پیاپی 14، پاییز 1387)

The most important characteristic of the 21st century organizations is the emphasis on knowledge and information. Today’s organizations require acquisition, management and exploitation of knowledge and information in order to improve their performance. In this paper, based on the findings of literature review, critical success factors of implementing knowledge management are identified. Questionnaires and interview are used as data gathering tools. The study population consists of all spare parts manufacturing companies and the sample drawn from this population includes the spare parts manufacturing companies of Irankhodro Company. Identification of important factors and prioritization of critical success factors (CSFs) are crucial, since Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) use them as a guide in knowledge management. Moreover, the SMEs may benefit from this approach as priority setting tool in knowledge management. The findings of this study can be used in order to better understand the activities associated with knowledge management and specify models leading to development of knowledge management.

The objective of this paper is to examine the effects of foreign and domestic R&D capital stock via importing capital and intermediate goods on total factor productivity (TFP) growth in Iran's manufacturing sector using the data over the period 1338-1387. Because of the absorption of foreign R&D spillovers, it is theoretically expected that the foreign domestic R&D spending will improve total factor productivity growth. Moreover, domestic R&D spending will positively affect TFP growth. The results of the study show that human capital and foreign R&D capital stock have the most positive impact on TFP growth. The estimated coefficient of domestic R&D capital stock is positive while it is statistically insignificant. In addition, the cross effect between foreign R&D capital stock and human capital stock is positive and statistically significant.

During recent decades, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been changing human life. Moreover, ICT has important impact on business environment and foreign trade. In this article, we are going to examine the unilateral causal relation between ICT and business environment and trade facilitation. To end this, we indentify two econometric models focusing on the factors influencing business environment and trade facilitation. Panel data approach is employed to estimate those models specified using the data for two groups of developed and developing countries. The results of the paper show that ICT has positive and statistically significant effect on business environment and trade facilitation in developed countries while the evidences couldn’t support the same hypothesis using developing countries data. It seems that the developed countries would be able to utilize ICT capabilities effectively in their economic growth path while this couldn’t be observed in developing countries.

Because of newness of technological corporate entrepreneurship and lack of theory for interaction of corporate entrepreneurship and technological entrepreneurship, this article aims to introduce a conceptual and systematic model for technological corporate entrepreneurship. To end this, the process of technological corporate entrepreneurship is reviewed in order to design a model for intelligent transportation systems in the Organization of Tehran Municipality using grounded theory methodology. A conceptual model has derived from the data collected through systematic interviews with academic experts. At the same time, the conceptual model shows that contextual factors including culture, structure, management and laws and environmental situations such as government, research institutes and consultants influence on this process.

To enjoy the transient opportunities of this time, organizations should establish a flexible structure and enjoy attracting more resources from outside the organization. This is a strategic necessity of competiveness which means providing a value, better than competitors for customers. Outsourcing process explains the use of consideration and thinking in better use of resources available for an organization. In this paper we try to investigate outsourcing process status as a resource to make values. The method of this research is descriptive. Besides comparing, we used Friedman ranking test. 57 professors from Tehran universities were chosen and the method of choosing was simple random. The research result shown that, according to local modeling, Iran status for outsourcing attractiveness is unfavorable and also price increases has the highest importance and next items ranking are political geography, infrastructure, sources transaction, culture, time distance, outsourcing identity and understanding of the conflicts in the country, staff skills, security and finally monitoring the manufacturing site.

Research and development (R&D) is usually considered from cost point of view while in the framework of knowledge based economy, R&D is regarded as a part of public investment in an economy. In this paper, the short and long-run effects of R&D subsidies on economic growth are examined in Iran using the data over the period 1975- 2007. The ARDL approach is used to estimate empirical models. The Iranian Government is almost the sole investor of R&D. The results of estimated model confirm that R&D has positive and significant effect on economic growth in the short-run in Iran while in the long-run R&D has positive effects on growth but its coefficient is statistically insignificant. Moreover, the results show that physical capital has positive and significant effect on GDP growth both in the short and in the long-run. However, labor force has negative and insignificant effect on GDP growth both in the short and in the long-run.

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is one of the main economic variables that affect positively economic growth. However, according to some empirical findings, FDI has not positively affected economic growth in some countries. Scholars have pointed out that the finding of negative effect is due to domestic qualification of host country in absorption of FDI. Financial development is an essential factor that along with FDI development impacts positively economic growth. The aim of the paper is to examine the effects of financial market and FDI on economic growth in Iran using the data between 1346 and 1387. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach is employed to estimate empirical models. The results of this article show that the economy with underdeveloped financial markets is not able to benefit from FDI to accelerate its economic growth. Moreover, the findings confirm that financial market effects economic growth negatively.