مجله پیاورد سلامت
سال هشتم شماره 6 (بهمن و اسفند 1393)

Identifying obesity-related eating behavior predictors especially in women، who have a key role in their family''s food basket، has a great importance in the prevention of obesity. The purpose of the present study is to determine the role of eating attitude on obesity-related eating behavior in overweight and obese women in Urmia. The present descriptive-analytical study was performed on 100 overweight or obese women covered by Shahid Nikkhah and No. 13 Health Centers in Urmia. Sampling was conducted through c onvenience method and women with a BMI equal to or more than 25 (kg/m2) were selected. Following their informed consent، they completed the questionnaires about demographic characteristics، attitude، and food behavior checklist. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 18 and descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square، analysis of variance and regression) at 0. 05 significance level. The result confirmed that there was a significant relationship between attitude and poor، average and good eating behavior groups of women (p=0. 003). Regression analysis revealed a positive and significant relationship between eating behavior and attitude scores (p=0. 004، r=0. 285). Also، prediction of observed distribution in eating behavior was confirmed by age، anthropometric indices and demographic factors in addition to eating attitude. The study results confirmed the predictive role of eating attitude on obesity-related eating behavior. Therefore، it is recommended that correction of eating attitude be emphasized in the promotion of healthy eating behavior.

ESR1 gene polymorphism has been found to be associated with breast cancer and clinical features of the disease in Caucasians. Genomic data for ESR1 in either population is therefore of value in the clinical setting for that ethnic group. In this study association of polymorphism in ESR1 gene with breast cancer risk was investigated. A case-control study was conducted to establish a database of ESR1 polymorphisms in Iranian population. The ESR1 gene was scanned in Iranian patients newly diagnosed with invasive breast tumors، (150 patients) and in healthy individuals (147) (healthy control individuals). PCR single-strand conformation polymorphism technology and direct sequencing was performed. The frequency of heterozygote genotype in exon 8 (ACG → ACA /) was significantly higher in breast cancer patients (48. 0%) than in control individuals (1. 4%). We found that mutant allele (ACA) was significantly more common in breast cancer patients with age at menarche Our data suggest that ESR1 polymorphisms are correlated with various aspects of breast cancer in Iranian ESR1 genotype، as determined during pre-surgical evaluation، might represent a surrogate marker to increase predicting breast cancer in Iranian population.

Purchasing hospital equipment is one of the most important decisions made by managers and health professionals. Gray systems theory is an approach to deal with issues under uncertainty conditions where decision makers are facing a small number of unspecified data. The purpose of this paper is to apply the gray theory for the purchase of anesthesia machine. This study was a survey in which mathematical analysis was used. Data collection devices included documents، interviews and questionnaires. In order to solve multiple criteria decision making in uncertain conditions، a model based on gray system theory was used. Data analysis was performed using Excel software. The findings show that among anesthetic equipment bought by public and private hospitals، brand A is superior to other brands. However، the gray possibility degree for the other brands is significantly different from brand A. In addition to helping to purchase anesthetic equipment for hospitals، the results of this study are also useful for companies manufacturing medical equipment to evaluate their situation in terms of the studied criteria and take appropriate measures to develop their strengths and improve their weaknesses.

Nurses'' perception of spirituality can affect the way they behave and communicate with patients in line with spiritual care provision. The present study aims to investigate nurses'' perception، capability، and adequacy of training about spirituality and spiritual care in Genaveh hospitals affiliated to Bushehr University of Medical Sciences (BUMS). A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed among 111 nurses working in BUMS hospitals in 2013. The spirituality and spiritual care scale (SSCRS) was used for data collection، which explores nine aspects of spirituality and spiritual care. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The overall spirituality and spiritual care was 3. 86 (out of 5). Among the nine aspects of need for spirituality، belief in God had the highest mean score، and beliefs and values had the least mean values. About 78. 7 % of the participants were confronted with the patients'' spiritual needs. Meanwhile، 74. 6 % of them noted that the current training about spiritual care was not sufficient. Although most participants were able to meet the patients'' spiritual needs، most of the nurses did not know enough about the issues related to spiritual care. Therefore، inclusion of spiritual care in nursing curriculum and holding workshops and training courses in this area can be useful.

The Household financial contribution is one of the most important issues in health system. This study aims to determine and present some indices of h ousehold financial contribution in health system in Iran. In this cross sectional- descriptive study، the methods were introduced by World Health Organization. Fair Financing Contribution Index (FFCI)، catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment in Iran were calculated from a national representative data derived from Iranian Statistics Center، Household Budget Survey، and Consumption Expenditures، at 2011. The indicators have been calculated on the basis of the total cost analysis، health and capacity to pay Iranians households. Household financial contribution in the health system for households living in rural areas is more than urban areas. In this study، more than 3 percent of the households were facing catastrophic health expenditure. Also 1. 5 percent of the households have been impoverished. Fair Financing Contribution Index in rural and urban areas was 59 and 65 percent respectively. Calculation of the indicators related to households financial contribution in Iranian health system need to predict and implement appropriate plans، as well as monitoring and assessment of health system programs in order to increase the equity in the household financial contribution and effectiveness of Utilization of resources.

In order to harmonize the demands of doctors and paramedics serving subject to the law Ministry of Health with intended policy of the health ministry on determining priorities and equitable distribution of mentioned resources، the first step that should be taken is to organize resources and to consider their viewpoints. The goal of this paper was to Identify and rank the indexes related to paramedics and ranking them on choosing their place of employment and their durability.

The research was a descriptive- Analytic study. Participants in the study were resources of law service of doctors and paramedics in 2012. All data were analyzed by statistical software SPSS and EXCEL. Friedman test was used for prioritizing and determining the importance of each of the factors influencing the selecting places of employment.

Among all the factors، social / beliefs factors with mean value of (SD) 3/52 (0/019) had the greatest influence on the choice of place of service of subject to the law، and it is the first priority of service location by field of study، educational level، place of service and the service index subjects served.

In order to properly organize and direct the Ministry of Health، the most effective factor is correct understanding of the priorities، needs and mental ideal needs of the mentioned resources. Especially the changes in behavior patterns and easy access to information in large extend will create huge changes of current generation than previous generations.

Critical thinking helps to raise awareness and knowledg e growth by applying the mental processes such as analysis، inference and reasoning. So، it provides an appropriate context for problem solving as well as clear and accurate information-based decision making in different managerial and political areas. The aim of this study was to assess and compare academic librarians in terms of having critical thinking skills. This is a descriptive- analytical survey that was conducted cross- sectionally on 95 librarians working in Shiraz University and Shiraz University of Medical Sciences by Census method. Data collect ion was conducted through the translated version of t he standard questionnaire of California critical thinking skills test: form B.، that its validity and reliability have also been proved (validity according to subject specialists: 80-84% and Cronbach''s reliability test: 74%). For descriptive analysis of data obtained from 68 completed questionnaires، the descriptive statistics using frequency distribution tables، mean and standard deviation and for inferential analysis SPSS software، t- test، ANOVA، Pearson correlation coefficient and spearman were used. There was no significant difference between the two groups of librarians، in terms of different sections of critical thinking. There was no relationship between age and job tenure and critical thinking، While there was a significant difference between sex and degree with critical thinking. The results of this study and other similar studies can provide useful information to develop the critical thinking skills in academic librarians and help the academic excellence in our country.

Obesity is now considered as one of the main risk factors of certain known diseases such as cardio-vascular diseases، non- insulin-dependent diabetes، and common cancers. Moreover، the increase of white fat tissue is known as a main factor in the obesity process، in terms of physiology and pathology. Therefore، the understanding of adipocytes differentiation processes is crucial.

In this study، mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from human bone marrow by ficol-gradient، and then، their surface markers were confirmed by flow cytometry. Osteoblastic and adipocytes differentiation were done by dexamethasone protocol and confirmed by staining. Then qualitative and quantitative expressions of PPARgamma (PPAR-γ) gene as an important transcription factor in the differentiation of fat were studied by RT-PCR and REAL TIME PCR before and after differentiation into adipocytes. For statistical analysis، paired t-test was performed، using pfaffl and graph pad software.

PPAR-gamma gene expression showed a significant increase after differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into adipocytes (p<0/05).

According to the results، the PPAR-γ gene acts as one of the important factors in the differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes. In brief، the inhibition of this gene''s expression to prevent obesity is suggested as an idea for treatment in the future.