نشریه مطالعات تاریخی قرآن و حدیث
سال بیست و یکم شماره 1 (پیاپی 57، بهار و تابستان 1394)

One of the famous stories about the origin of man and the beginning of human life on the earth is the story of Adam and Eve, their creation and later their descent on the earth and their reproduction. In both the Old Testament and other ancient Jewish works and the Quran, different versions of the story have been narrated. On the occasion of the story being mentioned in the Quran, detailed discussions about the story have been mentioned in Islamic exegeses, the details which have had different origins. The narration of the story in biblical literature has caused the orientalists to claim that the reflation of the story in the Quran is a copy of the story from the Old Testament. To investigate about this claim it is necessary to compare different versions of the story as mentioned in Islamic culture with the one reflected in Torah. The present study has been done for this purpose. It aims to review the story itself and discuss about the views expressed in Islamic exegeses about the relationship of Cain and Abel with Adam and Eve, the way Abel was murdered by Cain and other related issues. It is concluded that, by analyzing the Islamic version of the story and comparing it with the biblical version one can infer that the version reflected in Quranic exegeses and Islamic traditions is much different from the Quranic version of the story. It is a lot influenced by the story as mentioned in Torah and Talmud.

ṢaḥῙfah al-Sajādiyah is a text attributed to ImāmZainul'ābidĪn and is considered one of the most ancient works remained from the early time of Islamic civilization. Majority of the Shiites regard ṢaḥῙfah as a collection containing extensive moral teachings which can be traced to the divine revelation and Ahlulnayt's instructions. In spite of this, little attempt has been made to extract the moral thoughts included in this book and nothing has been done to formulate the philosophical bases of such thoughts. Such attempts could clarify the ambiguities found in the history of moral thinking in Islamic world especially during the first centuries. The present study aims to deal with this task. It tries to sketch the general framework of moral system reflected in ṢaḥῙfah. For this purpose, first the ontological and anthropological views expressed in the book have been pointed out, then, the kind of perfection which has been recommended for human being by this book and in this worldview has been explained and finally, by comparing the moral view of this book and other well-known Islamic ethical schools of the early centuries, the prominent moral principles of this work have been introduced.

Applying the methods suggested by applied linguistics in historical studies can provide solutions to many issues of this field. Accordingly, paying attention to the linguistic acts done in a society, identifying the context of an event and extracting the discourses created within it can collect new historical data. Based on this fact, in the present study, applying a discourse approach and using descriptive theory of Fairclough and conflicting voices theory of Bakhtin, I will try to suggest a new method in studying historical texts through investigating speech acts. For this purpose, using the above mentioned method in analyzing the sermon presented by HazratZeinab in Syria, the article tries to indicate what kind of discourse Zeinab was trying to create after the event of Āshūrā.

There are a few Quranic stories including the notion of migration and in these stories the purpose is mostly expressing religious concepts along with the prophet's mission. These stories, however, can be significant, due to their inclusion of cultural issues. It is worth investigating to see to what extent such stories are capable of being adapted with the theories of migration discussed in social sciences. Among these theories, the theory of paradox of similarity/difference about the interaction with the host and the immigrant and as a cultural-sociological approach toward the issue of migration can be used to indicate that in the interaction both similarity and difference should be taken into account. The important question which needs to be answered is what effects the quantity of each of similarity or difference may have on the attitude of the migrants toward their homeland or the migration destination. This question has not been clearly answered yet by the supporters of the above mentioned theory. It this study, applying this theory, the Quranic stories about the migration of Josef and Moses have been analyzed and different patters regarding the interaction between the hosts and the migrants have been extracted.

The term “El Yāsin” has been mentioned in the Quran just once in the verse 130 of the 37th chapter: “Peace be unto Elias”. Both the correct pronunciation and meaning of the term has been a point of disagreement among the commentators and readers of the Quran. Some of the Shiite and most of the Sunni commentators believe that El Yasin is another version of Elyasin and is equal to Elyas who is a Quranic prophet. The supporters of this idea refer to the popular reading, similar terms and the context as the proofs for their preference. On the other hand, other Shiite commentators by referring to some traditions believe that the phrase should be pronounced as “Āl Yāsin” and it implies Ahlul-Bayt. The fact that one of the Prophet's names is “Yāsin” is a good reason for such an inference. In the present study, we try to determine the meaning of the term by reviewing the commentator's ideas, Quranic proofs and various readings as well as the traditions received in this subject.

The term "Shirā" (Sirius) has been mentioned in the Quran just once, in Sura 53, verse 49: "and that it is He who is the Lord of Sirius". In this verse, almighty God introduces Himself to the prophet as the Lord of Sirius. Given the fact that Shirā is a name of a star –as Muslim exegetes believe- the reason why among the numerous stars, this one has been mentioned and what connotations the phrase "Lord of Sirius" may have, need a thorough investigation about the features of "Sirius" at that time, its historical background and its ritual and symbolic significance. In this study after reviewing the status of Shirā in the Quran and the literature of early exegetical works, the answers to the above mentioned questions will be given.