Predicting Learned Helplessness Based on Hope, Meaning in Life and Achievement Motivation in Afghan students Living in Iran studying at Iranian Universities

The main aim of this research was to predict learned helplessness based on hope, meaning in life and achievement motivation of Afghan students in Iran. In terms of implement, this
research is part of descriptive correlation type research and in terms of purpose, it is part of applied research. All the Afghan students of Islamic Azad University in Tehran province
constituted the statistical population of this study. Using convenience sampling method and Green's formula (1991), 75 Afghan students of Islamic Azad University,Shahr-e-Qods
branch, who were studying in the academic year of 2022, selected. Quinless and Nelson's Learned Helplessness questionnaire (1988), Snyder's Hope questionnaire (1991), Steger's
Meaning in Life questionnaire (2006) and Hermans' Achievement Motivation questionnaire (1970) used to gathering data. After using the significance test of the coefficient correlation
and multivariate correlation regression analysis, the results showed that variables such as hope, meaning in life and achievement motivation can predict 10.3% of the variance of the
criterion variable learned helplessness (R=0.103, N=75, P<0.05). Among the predictive variables, hope can significantly and negatively predict learned helplessness (β=-0.272,
P<0.05). In other words, it can be said that the higher a person's hope in life goes, the less his learned helplessness will be. The meaning of life in this research is not able to predict
learned helplessness (β=0.073, P>0.05). Also, the achievement motivation in this research is not a significant predictor and does not have a significant effect on learned helplessness
(β=-0.188, P>0.05). The results of the present research indicates the need for managers and planners at the high levels of the government, educational system, and mental health
professionals to pay more attention to the challenges and mental health status of Afghan students studying in Iran.