احمد زنده دل

T The purpose of this research is to compare the effectiveness of compassion-based skills training and emotion-oriented skills training on the anxiety sensitivity of women affected by extramarital relationships.The present research method was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population included all women affected by extramarital relationships who had referred to psychological clinics and specialized marriage centers (under the welfare organization) in Tehran in order to use psychological services in 2021-2022. The statistical sample included 30 of these women who were selected as available. Then, among the research sample, 15 people were randomly replaced in the control group and 30 people in the experimental groups (skills training based on compassion and skills training based on emotion-oriented approach). Data were collected using Floyd et al.'s anxiety sensitivity scale (ASI) (2005). The intervention of teaching skills based on compassion and teaching skills based on emotion-oriented approach were carried out during 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week; But the control group did not receive any intervention. The research data were analyzed by mixed variance analysis (with repeated measurements). The findings showed that teaching skills based on compassion and teaching skills based on emotion-oriented approach is effective in reducing the anxiety sensitivity of women affected by extramarital relationships. Also, the findings showed that there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of teaching skills based on compassion and teaching skills based on emotion-oriented approach in reducing anxiety sensitivity.

Family is the most important institution of society and shaper of human talents and personality. In the family system, factors such as desirability, satisfaction, quality and optimal functioning of the family are very effective factors that cause prosperity, growth and development of family members.

The present research was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design having a control group and a one-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the present study included all women applying for divorce who had referred to psychological clinics (under the welfare organization) in Sabzevar to use psychological services between November 2021 and February 2022. The sample of this research included 45 women who applied for divorce and were selected as available. Then, from among the research sample, 15 people were randomly assigned to the control group and 30 people to the experimental groups (training of skills based on attachment model and training of skills based on imago therapy). Data were collected using the Hostile Document Scale (HDS) (Arnetz et al., 2003). The intervention of teaching skills based on attachment model and teaching skills based on imago therapy were carried out during 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week; But the control group did not receive any intervention. The research data were analyzed by mixed variance analysis (with repeated measurements).

The findings showed that teaching skills based on attachment model and teaching skills based on imago therapy are effective in reducing hostile documents in women applying for divorce (P<0.05); So that 85.5% of the simultaneous changes of the dependent variables are related to the skills training group based on the attachment model. Also, the square of the parametric eta is 87.1% of the simultaneous changes of variables related to imago therapy. Also, the findings showed that there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of teaching skills based on attachment model and teaching skills based on imago therapy (P<0.05).

This study aimed at comparing functional analysis therapy and compassionate therapy on distress tolerance and difficulty in regulating emotion among cardiovascular patients. It was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test and a control group. The statistical population included all cardiovascular patients in Mashhad in 2020. The sample consisted of 45 cardiovascular patients referred to Valiasr clinic who were selected by convenience sampling method and then were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 patients in each group) and a control group (15 patients). After the pre-test, the experimental groups underwent functional analysis psychotherapy and compassionate therapy interventions, and at the end, both groups took the post-test, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The research instruments included the Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005) and the Emotion Regulation Difficulty Questionnaire (Roemer and Gratz, 2004). Data were analyzed using SPSS software and multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the effectiveness of functional analysis psychotherapy and compassion therapy on the tolerance of distress and difficulty in regulating emotion in patients with cardiovascular diseases (P<0.05). Compassionate therapy was more effective than the functional analysis psychotherapy on the tolerance of distress and difficulty in regulating emotion in patients with cardiovascular disease. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that compassion therapy led to increased anxiety tolerance and reduced difficulty in regulating the emotion of cardiovascular patients.

Auditing is a very sensitive and delicate job. On the one hand, the auditor must be more careful in performing his duties and, on the other hand, discover the signs of distortion in the financial statements; Such work pressure may lead to the erosion of the auditor's ego by reducing the power of the mind; Ego erosion is a well-known phenomenon in the psychological field, during which the brain faces a decrease in energy source due to performing various mental tasks, including decision-making and self-control to prevent the occurrence of certain emotions and actions. Based on this, in the present research, the effect of some auditing behavioral duties on the erosion of auditors' ego and the role of auditing experience is investigated. In terms of cognitive method, the research is experimental and in terms of data collection, it is a questionnaire and it is placed in the field of behavioral and psychological research. The data related to 35 auditors working in 25 auditing institutes located in Razavi Khorasan during the year 2022 were collected by available sampling method and analyzed using SPSS software and variance analysis test with repeated values. Data related to ego erosion have been collected during designed experiments and scenarios and the Stroop test. Designed scenarios and experiments show auditors' behavioral needs in a realistic and live simulation. The results show that auditors' behavioral duties, including cognitive processing, alertness, concentration, and inhibition of motivation, erode their ego. Also, audit experience moderates ego erosion caused by behavioral needs of cognitive processing, alertness and concentration, and hindering auditors' motivations. It is expected that with the results of the research, it can be concluded that psychological problems compared to physical problems have a significant effect on auditors' cognitive resources, which can be a significant warning to legislators.

The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of short-term solution-oriented psychotherapy on pain perception and distress tolerance of female patients with multiple sclerosis. This research was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and control group design with a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population included female patients with multiple sclerosis who had been referred to the disability diagnosis group of the Tehran Welfare Organization in the third quarter of 2022 to use the services of the Welfare Organization. The statistical sample included 30 of these women who were selected purposefully. Then, 15 people were randomly replaced in the control group and 15 people in the experimental group. The intervention group received short-term solution-oriented psychotherapy during 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. The data were collected using the Simmons and Gaher Distress Tolerance  Questionnaire (2005, DTS) and the Melzak Pain Perception Questionnaire (1975, MGPQ) and were analyzed by variance analysis with repeated measurements. The results showed that the main effect of the group was significant for (P<0.05, F=54.05) pain perception and (P<0.05, F=44.9) for distress tolerance; In the pain perception variable, the main effect of the three stages of the pre-test, post-test and follow-up (P>0.05, F=54.2) and distress tolerance variable (P>0.05, F=45.3) are significant and lasting. . It is concluded that short-term solution-oriented psychotherapy has been effective in pain perception and Distress Tolerance.

The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of teaching skills based on compassion on positive emotions and hostile documents of women affected by extramarital relationships. This research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test, post-test, and control group design with a two-month follow-up phase. The statistical population included all women affected by extramarital relationships who had been referred to psychological clinics (under the welfare organization) in Tehran in order to use psychological services in 2021-2022. The statistical sample included 30 of these women who were selected purposefully. Then, 15 people were randomly placed in the control group and 15 people in the experimental group. The intervention group received compassion-based skills training during 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. Data were collected using Williams et al.'s Emotion Control Scale (ACQ) (1997) and Arntz et al.'s Hostile Documents (HDQ) (2003) and analyzed using variance analysis with repeated measures. The results showed that the main effect of the group was significant for positive affect (F=94.2, P<0.05, P<0.05) and for hostile documents (F=12.9, P<0.05, 315/315). In the variable of positive affect, the main effect of the three stages of pre-test, post-test, and follow-up (F=13.5, P>0.05, 327) and in the variable of hostile documents (F=6.37, P>0.05, 185/ =) reported significant. who reported 89% of positive affect and hostile attributions. It can be concluded that teaching skills based on compassion are effective in improving positive emotions and reducing hostile documents. And this intervention was able to increase positive affect and reduce hostile documents to a large extent and therefore can be useful in the treatment of psychological injuries caused by extramarital relationships.

Due to the changes that have taken place inside and outside organizations today, the organization needs to be more innovative, flexible and dynamic. Team building, by combining different realities and perspectives to create new capabilities, leads to innovation in organizations. The present study aims to investigate and develop a team-based organization model with an organizational innovation approach. This research is exploratory In terms of purpose. Also, a combination of quantitative and qualitative research method is used. Moreover, data collection tools are questionnaires and interviews. The statistical population was all employees of incubators and science and technology parks in Razavi Khorasan, that 108 employees were selected as a sample based on Cochran's formula. Data analysis was performed by confirmatory factor analysis using Amos software to validate the model. Performing the necessary calculations in the software while confirming the relationships between the latent variables in the structural model indicates that CFI value for the first-order measurement model of innovation and team-based organization Also, the second-order factor analysis model is equal to 0.903, 0.901 and 0.908, respectively. Given that it is more than 0.9, we can say that the data is very well fitted. According to the research findings, it can be conducted that focusing on variables of team-oriented organization can increase the organizational innovation of employees.

The teachers' professionalism empowerment and promoting through in-service training can play an effective role in improving the quality of their education. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design a policy-making model in order to teachers' professionalism empowerment and promoting by relying on in-service training.

In an applied study from type of qualitative, the present research was conducted on 10 professors and experts in the fields of education management and in-service training and empowerment who were selected according to the principle of theoretical saturation and with a purposive sampling method. The tool of the current research was a semi-structured interview that was conducted in the seasons of Farvardin to Shahrivar of 1401 year and its validity was confirmed by the triangulation method and its reliability was obtained by the agreement coefficient method between two coders at 0.92. The data obtained from the semi-structured interview were analyzed with using the content analysis method according to the grounded theory in MAXQDA software.

The findings showed that the policy-making model in order to teachers' professionalism empowerment and promoting by relying on in-service training had 174 indicators, 31 components in six fields of causal conditions, central phenomenon, background conditions, intervention conditions, strategies and consequences. In this research, the causal conditions were includes 13 indicators and 3 components of the social needs, changes in educational needs and creation of individual needs in teachers, the central phenomenon were includes 11 indicators and 3 components of the scientific and practical education, solving problems and creating value, background conditions were includes 18 indicators and 5 components of the correct implementation of courses, richness of the content of courses, competent environment, correct planning and teachers' mentality, intervention conditions were includes 59 indicators and 6 components of the non-committed and non-specialist managers, incorrect performance evaluation, incorrect needs assessment, lack of quality of course teaching, non-traditional teaching methods and weak motivational system, strategies were includes 46 indicators and 10 components of the successful modeling, improving the content of courses, region-oriented planning, accurate and scientific needs assessment of courses, removing teachers' individual obstacles, changing in educational systems, improving

The aim of this research was to compare hyper-anger, hyper-contempt, and hyper-control in women suffering from anorexia nervosa and excessive overeating. This research was descriptive-causal and comparative. The statistical population of the study included all the patients with eating disorders who were referred to psychological clinics and specialized nutrition centers in Karaj City in order to use psychological services in the first three months of 2021 and were willing to participate in the research. The research sampling method was accessible. 50 women suffering from anorexia nervosa and 50 women suffering from overeating were selected as samples. The data were collected using the eating disorder diagnosis scale of Stick et al. (2000) (EDDS) and Mitmansgruber et al.'s (2009) emotional scale (MES). The research data were analyzed by variance analysis (multivariate). The results showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups of women suffering from anorexia nervosa and excessive overeating in hyper-humiliation and hyper-control (p<0.05). Also, there is no significant difference between these two groups in terms of extra anger (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the two groups of women suffering from anorexia nervosa and excessive overeating in the components of overexcitement such as over-contempt and overcontrol, but no difference was seen in over-anger between the two groups.

</span> Bulimia nervosa is a type of eating disorder characterized by overeating and purging. It is a multifactorial disorder in which concerns about weight and body image play an important role in causing and exacerbating it. Eating Disorders are one of the most common, severe, and debilitating mental health syndromes that are likely to become chronic and resistant to treatment. Studies show a significant increase in the risk of type 2 diabetes in patients with bulimia nervosa. Also, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is higher in these people than in non-eating disorders. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to insulin secretion, insulin activity, or both. People with one parent with type 2 diabetes are at higher risk for diabetes. Bulimia nervosa is associated with both the proportion of existing cases of type 2 diabetes (prevalence) and the emergence of new cases (incidence) of type 2 diabetes and is one of the most important reasons for poor blood sugar control and weight gain in diabetics, which complicates weight loss & worsens the complications of diabetes. Given that eating disorders affect body weight and tend to occur years before the onset of type 2 diabetes, it can be expected that eating disorders can improve the risk of type 2 diabetes. Eating disorders are exceptionally difficult to treat. These disorders tend to be ego-syntonic, with many individuals presenting for treatment with extreme ambivalence. Some studies with the control group have shown Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as the most effective treatment for this disorder. However, CBT, despite its dramatic effects, has been moderate in achieving therapeutic success. One possible reason for the high failure rate of treatment for eating disorders is that existing therapies do not adequately address the important aspects of the disorder, such as high empirical avoidance, empirical lack of awareness, and lack of motivation. These variables are the explicit goals of Acceptance and commitment therapy. Research evidence shows that Acceptance and commitment therapy is effective in reducing Bulimia nervosa and body image in people with Bulimia nervosa. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is one of several models based on the Acceptance of CBT, whose main goal is to create psychological flexibility. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of group acceptance and commitment therapy on the symptoms of Bulimia Nervosa and body image in patients with Bulimia Nervosa and a family history of diabetes.</span></span>

The present study was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and follow-up with a control group. Using the purposive sampling method, 25 women from the statistical population, including women aged 18 to 43 years with (BN) in Mashhad in 2019, were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental group (11 people) and control group (14 people). The study's inclusion criteria were that the participant must be a female suffering from anorexia nervosa, have a family history of diabetes, and not have a history of hospitalization or participation in other treatments for anorexia nervosa. On the other hand, exclusion criteria included absence from more than two sessions or unwillingness to continue with the sessions. The experimental group participated in ten sessions of two and a half hours a week of group (ACT), and the control group did not receive any intervention. All subjects answered the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (Stice et al., 2000) and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (Thomas & Cash, 2000) before and after the intervention and at a 4-month follow-up. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 software and the method of analysis of variance with repeated measurements was employed. A significance level of 0.05 was used for statistical tests.</span>

</span> Group acceptance and commitment therapy effectively reduces all binge eating symptoms in people with anorexia nervosa (p<0.001). The treatment of acceptance and commitment can help in reducing the variable components of body image including indicators of appearance evaluation (p<0.001), fitness evaluation (p<0.001), tendency to fitness (p=0.002), health evaluation (p<0.001), the scale of satisfaction with body areas, and preoccupation with overweight. This treatment has been found to be effective. However, the effect of treatment on the components of appearance orientation, health orientation, illness orientation, and weight self-categorization was not significant.</span></span>

</span>Group (ACT) is effective in improving the symptoms of overeating and body image of people with Bulimia nervosa due to the role of Bulimia nervosa in significantly increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes and given that diabetes has no definitive treatment. The best way to deal with it is prevention and timely treatment, Acceptance and commitment therapy can be a good treatment option for Bulimia nervosa and reducing the risk of developing diabetes in people who have a high chance of developing diabetes due to a family history of diabetes.</span></span></span>

The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching skills based on the attachment model on hostile and angry documents in women seeking a divorce. The current research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design, a control group, and a one-month follow-up. The statistical population was all the women applying for divorce which had visited the psychological clinics (under the welfare organization) of Sabzevar City from November 2021 to February 2021. The sample was 30 women applying for divorce, selected as available and randomly replaced by 15 people in the control group and 15 in the experimental group. Data were collected through the Hostile Document Scale (HDS) (Arentz et al., 2003) and the Metaemotional Styles Scale (MES) Beck et al., 2009). The intervention of teaching skills based on the attachment model was carried out during 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week, But the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were analyzed by mixed variance analysis. The findings showed that the effectiveness of training skills based on the attachment model on hostile and angry documents in women applying for divorce is 48.1% (p<0.05). The permanence of teaching skills based on the attachment model was 68.6% on hostile documents and 89% on anger (P<0.05). It can be concluded that teaching skills based on the attachment model are effective on hostile and angry documents in women applying for a divorce.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of behavioral activation therapy on disturbance tolerance and negative hyperemotional dimensions of female patients with multiple sclerosis. The research was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and control group with a two-month follow-up. The population of female patients with multiple sclerosis. The sample consisted of 30 of these women who were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to two control and experimental groups (15 people in each group). The intervention group received behavioral activation therapy during 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. The data were collected with Simmons's (2005) disturbance tolerance scale (DTS) and Meta-emotional Mitmansgruber (2009) (MES) and analyzed by repeated measurement method. The results showed that the main effects of the group are significant for tolerance of confusion and negative overexcitement; That is, the two groups differ in terms of the average tolerance of disturbance and negative overexcitement. The main effect of disturbance tolerance is three stages: pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. In negative emotions, the main effect of the three stages of pre-test, post-test, and follow-up was reported as significant and lasting (p<0.05); The size of the effect also shows the effect of 63.4 percent of the intervention on increasing the tolerance of disturbance and reducing negative overexcitement. It can be concluded that this intervention was able to increase tolerance of disturbance and reduce negative overexcitement.

The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of teaching skills based on an emotion-oriented approach to anxiety sensitivity and controlling the emotions of women affected by extramarital relationships. This research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test, post-test, and control group with a follow-up phase for two months. The statistical population included all women affected by extramarital relationships who had been referred to psychological clinics and specialized marriage centers (under the welfare organization) in Tehran in order to use psychological services in 2021-2022. The statistical sample included 30 of these women who were selected as available. Then, 15 people were randomly replaced in the control group and 15 people in the experimental group. The intervention group received skills training based on an emotion-oriented approach during 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. The data were collected using Floyd et al.'s anxiety sensitivity scale (ASI) (2005) and Williams et al.'s emotion control scale (ACQ) (1997) and analyzed by variance analysis with repeated measures. The results showed that the training of skills based on the emotion-oriented approach is effective in reducing anxiety sensitivity and increasing emotion control (P<0.05), which reported 54.7% of anxiety sensitivity and 85.4% of emotion control. It can be concluded that this intervention was able to reduce anxiety sensitivity and increase the control of emotions to a large extent, and therefore can be used in the treatment of psychological injuries caused by extramarital relationships.

Edible films and coatings are thin layers of biopolymers that are used as food coatings. Due to the many disadvantages of synthetic packaging materials, such as the migration of packaging compounds into food, creating environmental pollution and the problem of waste recycling, the use of edible films for food packaging has recently increased significantly. Edible films based on Psyllium seed gum are a good source for preparing edible films due to their easy availability and affordable price. In this research, edible films based on Psyllium seed gum enriched with different proportions of Oliveria decumbens essential oil were made and the physicochemical characteristics of the films include thickness, moisture content, permeability to water vapor, tensile strength, elongation percentage, characteristics Morphology and thermal properties were investigated. The results of the analysis of Oliveria decumbens essential oil compounds by GC/MS showed that a total of 8 compounds were identified. The results showed that by increasing the amount of Oliveria decumbens essential oil, the thickness and percentage of length of the films increased significantly (p < 0.05), but the moisture content, permeability to water vapor, tensile strength, melting temperature (Tm) and temperature Glass transition (Tg) decreased significantly (p>0.05). Oliveria decumbens essential oil added to the films also showed the softening characteristic which was obtained from the results of strain to breaking point. The homogenous and uniform structure of the control film (without essential oil) was proven in the electron microscope images.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of training skills based on imago therapy on communication orientation and conformity orientation in women seeking a divorce. The present study was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design, a control group, and a one-month follow-up period. The statistical population was made up of all the women applying for divorce in 2021-2022, among whom 30 people (15 people in each group) were selected as a sample and randomly placed in two experimental and control groups. Data were collected using Koerner and Fitzpatrick's Communication Patterns Scale (CPQ) (1990). The intervention of training skills based on imago therapy was carried out during 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week, But the control group did not receive any intervention. The research data were analyzed by mixed variance analysis (with repeated measurements). The findings showed that the effectiveness of training skills based on imago therapy, conversational orientation, and conformity orientation are effective in women applying for divorce (p<0.05). Also, the effect of basic skills training on imago therapy on dialogue and conformity orientation was stable (P<0.05). It can be concluded that the activity of skills based on imago therapy is effective in increasing the orientation of dialogue and listening and reducing the orientation of conformity in adultery-seeking a divorce.

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic and debilitating disease that affects the life expectancy and self-care behaviors of women with this disease. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of existential therapy on life expectancy and self-care behaviors of women with type 2 diabetes.

The research method was applied and quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The population included all women with type 2 diabetes in Neyshabur, Iran. Among them, 40 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Participants completed the Hope Scale (HS), and The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA). Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data.

The results of analysis of covariance showed that there was a difference between women in the existential therapy group and the control group in life expectancy (F= 10.11, P= 0.0001) and self-care behaviors (F= 176.5, P= 0.003). Existential therapy has increased the mean score of the participants of the experimental group in the variables of life expectancy and self-care behaviors.

The existential therapy can increase life expectancy and self-care behaviors of women with type 2 diabetes by emphasizing freedom, responsibility, meaning and purpose in life, death and relationship with other. Therefore, existential therapy can be used in along with medical treatments.

The Internet of Things has many uses in education. However, one of the most important subjects in all educational levels is mathematics, which was specifically addressed in this research. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to design a learning management model based on the Internet of Things to improve the mathematical problem solving ability of secondary school students in Mashhad.

The current research is applied in terms of its purpose, which was carried out with an approach mixed with an exploratory design and by combining qualitative and quantitative methods. In order to deeply investigate and understand more about the subject and the factors affecting them, in addition to theoretical foundations, interviews were used for better understanding and the grounded theory approach. Then a quantitative approach was used to confirm the qualitative results. In the qualitative part, in order to identify the components of the model, 12 experts from the scientific community and academic experts were interviewed in the field of research.

The results of the qualitative part showed that the model includes 75 major categories (resulting from open coding), 10 core categories (resulting from axial coding) and two main categories (resulting from selective coding). In the quantitative section, a questionnaire containing 51 items was prepared and given to 384 secondary school students in Mashhad. The results of this section showed that there is a significant relationship between learning management based on the Internet of Things and the ability to solve mathematical problems.

The results showed that the effectiveness of the variable components of learning management based on the Internet of Things (in order of technical and systemic infrastructures, measurement and evaluation, educational content, support (technical, financial and legal) and educational method) and the variable components of solving ability It is a mathematical problem (in the order of testing hypotheses, making hypotheses, gathering information, defining the problem and drawing conclusions).

Objective-wise, this research falls into the applied category, while a qualitative method has been used, and the model has been designed based on the Delphi method. The statistical population consisted of all educational and administration sciences professors, senior executives of higher education institutes, and deputy directors of the seven school districts in the city of Mashhad during the school year of 2017-2018. Having designed the initial conceptual model based on theoretical background and qualitative analysis, we sent the dimensions and components of the model to 20 well-informed individuals, and the validity of each question was assessed and surveyed in three different stages of the Delphi method. Moreover, after some recommended modifications were made in the questionnaire for this study based on the findings, the final draft of the questionnaire was prepared. Therefore, face validity has been the basis for the assessment of the validity of the research tool, for points of view of well-informed individuals have been used. Factor analysis has also been used. Using the data obtained from the pre-test for a sample consisting of 25 individuals, the Cronbach's alpha was calculated to be greater than 0.8, which indicates the high reliability of the research tool used. Based on the findings of this research, the competence model consists of four dimensions -- individual, communicative, organizational and professional -- and 32 components. Furthermore, the succession method consisted of four stages -- determining policies, assessing candidates, training candidates and evaluating their effectiveness -- and 9 components.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of short-term solution-oriented psychotherapy and schema therapy on tolerance of confusion and indecisive intolerance in women with neurological disorders. This study was a quasi-experimental study (pre-test design, post-test, follow-up with a control group). The statistical population included all patients with dementia in Karaj in the period 2021-2022. The statistical sample consisted of 45 women who were purposefully selected. Then, 15 patients were randomly assigned to the treatment waiting group and 30 patients to the two experimental groups (15 patients in each group). The first group of short-term psychotherapy is a solution based on the difficult model; The second group received a treatment regimen based on Yang et al.'s model in 8 and 10 90-minute sessions, respectively. Data were collected using the Freestone Intolerance Uncertainty Scale (IUS) (1994) and the Simmons and Gahr (2005) Self-Assessment Scale (DTS). Analyzed. The results showed that short-term solution-oriented psychotherapy and schema therapy was effective on turbulence tolerance and uncertainty intolerance in women with mental disorders (P <0.05), but according to the results obtained from the Bonferroni test, there was no difference in the effectiveness of the two in increasing turbulence tolerance. There was no reduction in uncertainty intolerance (p <0.05).

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of emotional focused therapy and acceptance – commitment therapy on self-compassion couples with marital conflict.

Research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and follow-up test with a control group. The statistical population of the women was referring to Tayebad Behzisti counseling centers. The statistical sample included 39 women (13 women of EFT group, 13 women of ACT group and 13 women of control group) who were selected by available sampling method and randomly placed in three groups. For the experimental groups, EFT (during 9 sessions) and ACT (during 8 sessions) were performed and the control group did not receive any intervention. The research instruments included Barati & Sanai’s Marital Conflict Questionnaire, Neff’s Self-Compassion Questionnaire. For data analysis from the analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni post hoc test was used.

Findings showed that the educational protocol of emotion-oriented therapy had a more significant effect than acceptance-commitment therapy on increasing their self-compassion in women with marital conflict (P <0.001).

According to the findings of the present study, emotion-oriented therapy package can be used to increase their compassion through expressing emotions, empathy with others and criticism in women with marital conflict.

in order to improve the quantitative and qualitative educational process,the third-generation medical universitie need the medical education administrators who possess the sufficient knowledge, skills and insight to manage educational process in a university However, many administrators don’t have adequate access to effective professional development to deal with the challenges of the innovative and entrepreneurial universities. This study aimed at identifying the components of professional development of medical education administrators among third-generation universities.

This is a qualitative study regarding the practical purposes,types of data and data analysis methods. To this end a sample of twelve medical education administrators in all universities of medical sciences in the country(Iran) participated in this study that were selected by purposive sampling and complementary snowball sampling. Data were collected using semi-structured interview method and analyzed using inductive content analysis method with maxqda10 softwareValidity and reliability of the study were determined by Guba and Lincoln methods.

383 open source 25 subcategories and 6 main categories of professional development of medical education managers were obtained. Based on the findings, professional development of managers in 6 dimensions including: educational development, researchdevelopment,management skills development, leadership skills development, skills development Individual and contextual development were identified.

Among the six dimensions of the model of professional development of medical education managers in the third generation university, the highest codes are related to the dimension of leadership skills development, which is suggested to be considered as a priority in holding professional development skills training courses for managers.

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic and debilitating disease. Although the effectiveness of metacognitive and existential therapies on the psychological factors associated with this disease has been investigated, little attention has been paid to comparing the two methods. Therefore, the aim of this study was to comparison of effectiveness of metacognitive and existential therapies on resilience, life expectancy and self-care behaviors in women with type II diabets.

The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population included all women with type II diabetes who referred to Fazl Ibn Shazan Diabetes Center in Neyshabur in the second half of 2019 year. Sixty people were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Participants answered the Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Snyder Hope Scale (SHS), and The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA). Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data.

The results showed that there is no difference between metacognitive and existential therapies in increasing the resilience and life expectancy of patients with type II diabetes (p>0.05), but existential therapy is more effective in increasing self-care behaviors (p<0.01).

Metacognitive and existential therapies play an important role in increasing the resilience and life expectancy and even self-care behaviors of patients with type II diabetes, so these methods can be used alongside medical therapies.