ایلناز سجادیان

The present study was conducted to investigating effectiveness of optimal experience educational package based on csikszentmihalyi's theory on interaction and self-confidence of primary school teachers. The research method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group design and two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the research included 2831 primary school teachers in Isfahan city in the academic year of 2020-2021. 30 primary school teachers were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 teachers in each group). The teachers in the experimental group received the optimal experience educational package based on csikszentmihalyi's theory during seven weeks in seven sessions of 90 minutes. The applied questionnaires in this study included teacher interaction questionnaire (TIQ) and teacher self-confidence questionnaire (TSCQ). The data from the study were analyzed through variance with repeated measures via SPSS23 statistical software. The results showed that optimal experience educational package based on csikszentmihalyi's theory has effect on the dimensions of interaction (Leadership (F=30.01, Eta= 0.51, P≤0.001), helping behavior (F=20.67, Eta= 0.42, P≤0.001), understanding (F=17.17, Eta= 0.38, P≤0.001), responsibility (F=27.03, Eta= 0.49, P≤0.001), uncertainty (F=30.39, Eta= 0.52, P≤0.001), dissatisfaction (F=25.12, Eta= 0.47, P≤0.001), punishment (F=7.51, Eta= 0.21, P≤0.001) and strictness (F=7.77, Eta= 0.22, P≤0.001)) and self-confidence (F=46.23, Eta= 0.62, P≤0.001) of primary school teachers. According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that optimal experience educational package based on csikszentmihalyi's theory can be used as an efficient method to increase interaction and self-confidence of primary school teachers through employing reconstruction of awareness and activities, mental understanding of challenges, control of mental energy and targeting of activities.

Marital conflicts can confront couples with psychological problems and put them on the verge of divorce, so this research is to investigate effectiveness of narrative-based acceptance and commitment therapy and its comparison with acceptance and commitment therapy on uncertainty, negative emotions of women on the verge of divorce in Isfahan.

This is a semi-experimental research of pre- post test, experimental and control group with 2 month follow-up among judicial divorce clients. 45 people were selected by Purposive sampling and assigned to three experimental and control groups. First group had narrative-based acceptance and commitment therapy package during 8 sessions of 75 minutes, second group had Hayes(2008) treatment and control group had nothing. Research tools of pre, post and follow-up stages included Fristen's uncertainty intolerance questionnaire(1994), Watson's positive and negative affect(1988).

Both treatments had a significant effect on the intolerance of uncertainty and negative emotions of women on the verge of divorce in the post-test and follow-up stages, but the narrative-based acceptance and commitment treatment method was more effective in improving negative emotions in the follow-up stage.

Therefore, these two treatment methods can be used to improve the psychological variables of women on the verge of divorce.

One of the common problems of menopause is the decrease in sexual ability and sexual dysfunction, which can reduce the quality of life of women. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of “Behavioral Activation Therapy” on sexual self-concept and intimacy in relationships of postmenopausal women with sexual dysfunction.

The current research was of semi-experimental type with pre-test-post-test with control group and 45 days’ follow-up. The statistical population of the present study included all postmenopausal women with sexual dysfunction who referred to specialized treatment centers in the field of sexual dysfunction located in Isfahan city in 2023. A statistical sample of specialized treatment centers in the field of sexual disorders in the city of Isfahan according to the convenience method, the number of 30 postmenopausal women over 50 years of age with sexual dysfunction diagnosed by a clinical psychologist's diagnostic interview and scoring less than 28 out of 36 points "Female Sexual Function Index" were selected by purposeful sampling. Then they were randomly assigned to “Behavioral Activation Therapy” and control groups (15 people in each group). Data collection was done with demographic questionnaire, "Multidimensional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire" and "Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships". For the intervention group, 8 sessions 90-minute of “Behavioral Activation Therapy (2 sessions per week) were performed. After the completion of the intervention, a post-test and follow-up was conducted 45 days later. Data were analyzed in SPSS. 23.

There was a significant difference between the intervention group and the control group in the two variables of sexual self-concept and intimacy in relationships, in the post-test and follow-up stages. Therefore, the intervention was effective in improving sexual self-concept and intimacy in relationships of postmenopausal women with sexual dysfunction (P<0.05).

“Behavioral Activation Therapy" improves sexual self-concept and intimacy in relationships in postmenopausal women with sexual dysfunction. It is suggested to use “Behavioral Activation Therapy" in health care centers and counseling centers to improve the psychological variables related to the sexual performance of postmenopausal women.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a common endocrine disease in children that can have significant physical and psychological consequences for the individual and their family. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of Mentalization-Based Treatment for Children (MBT-C) on reflective function and emotional awareness in children with T1D.

Methods and Materials:

 In this quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with two experimental and control groups, and a two-month follow-up period, children with T1D who referred to the pediatric endocrinology clinic were included. The study participants were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control. The experimental group received MBT-C in ten 60-minute sessions, as well as 30-minute weekly sessions with their mothers. The control group received no intervention during this period and was on the waiting list. In the pretest stage, both groups completed the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire and the Emotional Awareness Questionnaire. After the treatment sessions, both groups completed the questionnaires in the posttest and follow-up stages, and the results were compared.

In this study, 30 children with T1D were evaluated in the experimental and control groups. The results of repeated-measures ANOVA showed that mentalization treatment for children had a significant effect on improving reflective functioning and emotional awareness in 8-12-year-old children with T1D, and the treatment effects were maintained in the follow-up stage p<0.001.

The results of this study indicate the effectiveness of MBT-C in improving reflective functioning and emotional awareness in children with T1D. These positive effects were also stabilized after the completion of the treatment. MBT-C helps children develop self-awareness and self-regulation, enabling them to better identify and manage their emotions. This highlights the importance and application of MBT-C in the effective management of chronic childhood diseases such as T1D.

Women heads of households experience many problems in their lives, which can be reduced psychological Hardiness, and reduced social well-being. Based on this, the aim of the current research was the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Integrated Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on psychological Hardiness and social well-being of women heads of households.

Methods and Materials: 

The current research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with the Goa group with a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all female heads of households in Isfahan city who lived in this city in 1402. In this study, 30 female heads of the household were selected using the available sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. Participants in two groups completed questionnaires on psychological Hardiness and social well-being in three stages. In the present study, the people in the experimental group underwent 8 sessions of intervention, but the control group did not receive the intervention. In the end, the data were analyzed by analysis of variance with repeated measurements.

The results of data analysis showed that Mindfulness-Integrated Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy has had a significant effect on increasing psychological Hardiness. Also, Mindfulness-Integrated Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy has significantly increased social well-being (0/05>p). Also, in the follow-up phase, the significant effect of this therapeutic method on psychological hardiness and psychological well-being continued (p<0.05).

From the results of the research, it can be concluded that Mindfulness-Integrated Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy has increased the psychological Hardiness and social well-being of female heads of households, therefore psychologists and counselors can increase the psychological toughness and social well-being of female heads of households. Use the techniques of this therapeutic approach.

Procrastination is one of the most common behavioral problems and is common among the general public. In addition, procrastination is associated with several psychological consequences as well as students' academic future, which doubles the need to identify and prevent it. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of compiling an educational package to prevent academic procrastination and compare its effect with treatment based on acceptance and commitment to self-regulation and experimental avoidance of procrastinating high school students. The sample consisted of 15 Secondary high school students in the experimental group based on pattern and 15 Secondary high school students in the experimental group based on acceptance and commitment and 15 Secondary high school students in the control group (without treatment). Research tools included Academic Procrastination Assessment Scale - Student Prescription, Learning Self-Regulation Questionnaire, Experimental Avoidance Questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, repeated measures analysis of variance was used. Findings showed that pattern-based intervention has a greater effect on self-regulation and acceptance-based therapy on empirical avoidance. Therefore, it is recommended that those involved in the field of education of students use the educational package of pursuing academic procrastination in order to improve the related problems in this field, especially self-regulation.

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of psychological capital training in enhancing the sense of empathy and purpose in life among students who exhibit signs of violence. The present study was semi-experimental in nature, consisting of experimental and control groups. It was designed with a three-stage (pretest, posttest, follow-up) and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population included undergraduate and postgraduate students in the psychology major at Islamic Azad University (Khorasgan) who exhibited any indicators of violence during the academic year 2020-2021. Through purposive sampling, 27 students (18 boys and 9 girls) exhibiting symptoms of violence were randomly assigned to the experimental (14 students) and control (13 students) groups. Over the course of one and a half months, the experimental group participated in ten sessions of psychological capital training, each lasting seventy-five minutes. Violence questionnaire (EVQ), empathy scale (BES), and meaning in life questionnaire (MLQ) were implemented. The mixed ANOVA method was employed to analyze the data from the investigation using SPSS-23 software. The results showed that psychological capital training has significant effect on the signs of violence (F=38.48; Eta=0.60; P<0001), empathy (F=30.91; Eta=0.55; P<0001), and life meaning (F=24.08; Eta=0.49; P<0001) of students who exhibit signs of violence. The present study’s results indicate that psychological capital training can be a highly effective approach to reducing the appearance of violence and enhancing the empathy and life meaning of students who are experiencing violence. This is achieved by incorporating concepts such as optimism, hope, self-efficacy, and mental resilience.

Overweight, the prevalence of which is increasing in societies, is one of the problems that threatens the health of society. The present study was conducted with the aim of the role of attitude towards nutrition, concern about body image, difficulty in emotional regulation and rumination in predicting eating behavior in overweight married women of Isfahan in the summer of 1401.

The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included all overweight married women (body mass above 25) who visited nutrition clinics in Isfahan city in the summer of 1401, from which 200 women were selected as available. The research tools included nutrition attitude questionnaire, body image fear questionnaire, difficulty in regulating emotions questionnaire, rumination questionnaire and eating behavior questionnaire. The data were analyzed using correlation methods and multiple regression analysis step-by-step.

The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between eating behavior and attitude towards nutrition, concern about body image, difficulty in regulation and rumination (p<0.01), but in the first step concern about body image (β= 0.466, p < 0.001) and in the second step, rumination can predict eating behavior in overweight married women (β = 0.295, p < 0.001).

Therefore, to control eating behavior, it is suggested to pay attention to body image concern and rumination in the development of educational packages.

General anxiety disorder is one of the types of anxiety disorders that can completely disrupt a person's life process.

The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of emotional efficiency therapy with Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Affective Capital and Meta Emotion in Women with Generalized Anxiety Disorder.

The research method was applied and semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all the Women with Generalized Anxiety Disorder Esfahan city in 2021, using Purposive sampling method, 45 people were randomly selected into three groups of treatment based on Emotion Efficacy Therapy (15 people), Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (15 people) and the control group (15 people) were replaced. The data collection tool was the Affective Capital Questionnaire and the Meta Emotion Questionnaire. Data analysis was analyzed through variance analysis of repeated measures using SPSS software version 23.

The results showed that there isnt a significant difference between the two experimental groups and the control group. Also, Emotional Efficiency Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy were both effective in reducing General anxiety disorder.

Based on the findings of the research, Emotion Efficacy Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy led to the reduced Generalized anxiety disorder by increasing Affective Capital and Positive Emotions, so it is suggested to use these methods along with other treatment methods to improve the quality of life of Women with Generalized Anxiety Disorder. 

The present study investigated the effectiveness of of training packages of Yang's reasoning on mood instability and perception of social competence in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up plan with a control group. The statistical population of the research was children aged 8 to 12 years with symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who had referred to specialized occupational therapy centers in Isfahan city in the fall of 1400. Among them, 30 children were selected in a purposeful way and randomly placed in two groups of 15 people (experimental and control).The research tools included Shields & Cicchetti's emotion regulation checklist (1998) and Parandin's social competence scale (2015). The experimental group was trained in Yang's reasoning and thinking skills during 8 sessions of 60 minutes, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. The results indicated a significant and stable effect of Yang's reasoning and thinking skills package on mood instability and social competence perception (p<0.001). Therefore, Yang's reasoning and thinking skills package can be used to reduce mood instability and improve the social competence of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Academic Performance is one of the issues raised in the field of education, which not only affects the academic future of students from various dimensions, but also determines their fate in various fields. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of an educational package to prevent academic procrastination as well as treatment based on acceptance and commitment on academic motivation and performance of procrastinating students.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population included all secondary school students suffering from academic procrastination in city of Isfahan. Among them, 45 people were selected by purposive sampling and randomly divided into two experimental groups (educational package to prevent academic procrastination and treatment based on acceptance and commitment) and a control group (15 people in each group). Research tools included academic procrastination questionnaires (Solomon and Rothblum, 1984), academic motivation (Abdkhodaei et al., 2017) and academic performance (Pham and Taylor, 1999). In order to analyze the data, analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used.

The findings showed that the educational package of prevention of academic procrastination and treatment based on acceptance and commitment had a significant effect on the academic motivation and academic performance of procrastinating students (p<0.001) and there is a significant difference between the two interventions, so that the educational package to prevent academic procrastination has been more effective.

Those involved in the field of student education are recommended to use the educational package to prevent academic procrastination in order to solve students' academic problems, especially to improve academic motivation and academic performance

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of job stress in the relationship between coping strategies and job burden with quality of professional life in psychiatric emergency department nurses.

In the form of a solidarity project, 157 people were selected from among the male and female nurses working in Khurshid, Modares and Farabi hospitals in Isfahan in 2022-2023 through convenience sampling. Nurses responded to occupational stress questionnaires (HSE), coping strategies (Lazarus and Folkman, 1987), job burden (Spector and Jacks, 1998), quality of professional life (Stem, 2010). The findings were analyzed in the framework of structural equation modeling and using SPSS22 and SmartPLS4 software.

The results obtained from structural equation modeling indicate that there is a significant relationship between negative coping strategies and job burden with job stress, but the relationship between positive coping strategies and job stress was not significant (p<0.05). The relationship between both job stress and job burden variables with the quality of professional life was significant (p<0.05); However, the relationship between both positive and negative coping strategies with quality of professional life was not significant (p<0.05).

The results showed that occupational stress was the mediator of the relationship between negative coping strategies and job burden with the variable of quality of professional life in nurses, and it did not have a significant mediating role in the relationship between positive coping strategies and the quality of professional life of nurses.

Psychological and behavioral injuries in students, like violence, can cause serious damage to their mental and emotional health. according to this the present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of nonviolent communication training based on marshall rosenberg theory on the empathy and life meaning in the students with the signs of violence. The present study was semi experimental (with experimental and control groups) with three-stage (pretest, posttest, follow-up) and two-month follow-up period design. The statistical population included undergraduate and postgraduate students in the major of psychology at Islamic Azad University (Khorasgan) with the signs of violence in academic year 2020-21. 27 students with the signs of violence were selected through purposive sampling method and randomly accommodated into experimental (14 students) and control groups (13 students). The experimental group received of nonviolent communication training based on marshall rosenberg theory during 8 weeks in 8 sessions of 90 minutes. The applied questionnaires included violence questionnaire (Eysenck, Wilson, 1988) (VQ), empathy scale (Jolliffe, and Farrington, 2006) (EQ), meaning in life questionnaire (Steger, Frazier, 2006) (MLQ). The data from the study were analyzed through mixed ANOVA method via SPSS23 software. The results showed that nonviolent communication training has significant effect on the signs of empathy (F=24.35; Eta=0.51; P<0/001) and life meaning (F=20.21; Eta=0.46; P<0/001) of the students with the signs of violence. According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that nonviolent communication training can be used as an efficient method improve empathy and life meaning of student with the signs of violence through employing techniques such as an empathic receiving, identifying and expressing feelings and taking responsibility for one's feelings.

Childhood is one of the most basic periods of life. Meanwhile, the pre-primary period is considered the key years for children's mental and physical development. Education of parents, especially mothers of children under the age of six, has recently attracted the attention of planners in the field of children due to the positive changes it creates in children. This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of the psychological empowerment of mothers on children's social skills and mother's empathy.

This semi-interventional study, pre-test-post-test and two-month follow-up, was conducted with the participation of thirty mothers with children aged 4 to 6 years in Isfahan city in 2021. The participants were selected in the available way and randomly replaced in two equal intervention and control groups. The intervention group received the mother's psychological empowerment package for 10 sessions of 90 minutes, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The participants of both groups completed the questionnaires of Mattson's Child's social skills and Davis's mother's empathy before and after intervention and two months later as a follow-up. Data were analyzed using variance analysis with repeated measurements test and SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA).

The mean (SD) score of the child’s social skills in the pre-test was 190.8 (22.4), which increased to 210.0 (12.9) in the post-test and 204.1 (14.3) in the follow-up (P<0.001). The mean (SD) score of the mother's empathy in the pre-test was 46.9 (8.5), which increased to 54.0 (7.9) in the post-test and 55.7 (7.2) in the follow-up (P<0.001). No significant change was observed in the control group.

The study showed that teaching psychological empowerment packages to mothers with children aged 4 to 6 years increased the child’s social skills and mother's empathy.

Cognitive rehabilitation has an effect on the improvement of symptoms of dyscalculia disorder such as executive function and quantitative reasoning and affects other children's functions.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-computer software on the executive function and quantitative reasoning of 7-12-year-old children with dyscalculia.

It was a semi-experimental research design of pre-test-post-test and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population included all children with dyscalculia in Isfahan city in 2022-2023. 45 children with dyscalculia disorder were selected by purposeful sampling and placed in two control and experimental groups.. For the experimental group, Captain Log (2020) cognitive-computer training program was implemented in 10 sessions of 60 minutes; But the control group did not receive any intervention. The research tools included the fifth version of Wechsler's intelligence scale (Wechsler, 2014), continuous performance computer test (Rosold, 1956), Wisconsin card sorting test (Grant and Berg, 1948), Tower of London test (Challice, 1982). The data obtained from the research were analyzed with SPSS software version 26 and using the analysis of variance test with repeated measurements.

The results showed that Captain Log computer cognitive software had a significant effect on executive function (attention, error elimination and correct answer, problem solving and cognitive flexibility) (p<0.001), but on Quantitative reasoning had no significant effect (p>0.05).

Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that the cognitive rehabilitation of Captain Log's cognitive-computer program can be used as an efficient method to improve the cognitive ability of 7-12-year-old children with dyscalculia.

Developmental dyscalculia is defined as a selective impairment in mathematical skills of developmental origin. One of the valid theoretical models to explain the etiology of specific learning disorder is the deficiency in neuro-psychological mechanisms in these children; So that some researchers consider learning disorder as a type of mild brain damage that is accompanied by cognitive defects. Children with Developmental dyscalculia is usually confused in spatial perception and perception of concepts such as up-down, left-right, below-up, beginning-end, front-back, far-near and between. These problems create disturbances in the mental image of the number system and cause this group of people to face difficulties in recognizing the distance between numbers and their respective places.
Also, the problems of people with learning disabilities are rooted in different components of active memory; In other words, the phenotypic signs of learning disorder can be best understood and investigated in the form of active memory architecture, which somehow plays the role of language learning mechanism and supports verbal and written language acquisition. In recent decades, for the treatment of developmental disorders, there is an increasing interest in using computers in the field of cognitive problems, which has led to the expansion of cognitive training programs based on computers; So that these programs have the ability to adjust the difficulty level of the task from simple to difficult based on individual differences and create continuous cognitive challenges for the individual.Neuropsychological rehabilitation is a method created by the integration of cognitive neuroscience with information technology and is used to improve the capabilities of the brain in the field of cognitive functions such as perception, ate
ntion, alertness, and memory. Cognitive rehabilitation of Captain Log's cognitive-computer program can be used as an efficient method to improve geometric thinking (dynamic spatial reasoning and static spatial reasoning) and active memory of 7-12-year-old children with Developmental dyscalculia. The current study was conducted with the aim of investigating the efficacy of cognitive-computer program on geometric thinking (spatial and static reasoning) and working memory of 7-12-year-old children with Developmental dyscalculia.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group and a 2-month follow-up phase. The statistical population of this study was all children aged 7-12 years old with Developmental dyscalculia in Isfahan city in 1402-1401. A quantitative sample included all children (7-12) years old with Developmental dyscalculia in Isfahan city who referred to the Comprehensive Psychology Clinic of Islamic Azad University of Isfahan in 1401-1402, whose parents had agreed to their participation in the research, and in the diagnostic interview based on the guide Statistics and Diagnostics of Mental Disorders Version 5. Diagnosed with Developmental dyscalculia was purposefully selected based on the inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (15 people each). In this study, based on the logic proposed by Cohen (1986), and Sarmad, Bazargan and Hijazi, (2016) assuming that a = 0.05 and the effect size equal to 0.50 to achieve the power of the statistical test equal to 90. 0, for each of the two experimental groups and one control group, a sample equal to 15 participants was selected. The criteria for entering the research include the age of 7-12 years, receiving a disorder diagnosis based on an interview according to the statistical and diagnostic manual of mental disorders, edition 5, not receiving medication, having an IQ above 90 based on the Wechsler IQ test, fifth edition (Wechsler, 2014); and parental consent were required to participate in the research and the exit criteria included the absence of more than two sessions of the participants in the training sessions and the presence of any problems and disturbances in the process of the experiment (failure to complete homework) by the participants.
The intervention group received 10 60-minute sessions of cognitive-computer program Captain Log, while the control group was waiting to receive the intervention and did not receive these interventions during the implementation of the research. The instrument used included Wechsler's five test (The Wechsler scale 5 is the latest version of the Wechsler scales for children. This scale is a comprehensive clinical tool for evaluating the cognitive abilities and intelligence of children aged 6 to 16 years and 11 months, which was presented by the Pearson Institute in 2014 and adapted and standardized by the psychometric collection. This version has many differences compared to its previous versions) and the analysis of the data obtained from the study was done by SPSS software (version 26) using analysis of variance with repeated measurements. To observe ethical principles, the research was approved by the Research Committee of the University with the ethics code IR.IAU.KHUISF.REC.1401.044 was obtained.

In order to check the hypotheses, the method of analysis of variance with repeated measures has been used. In this section, group membership is considered as an independent variable and the scores of the research variables including geometric thinking and active memory in the post-test and follow-up phases are considered as dependent variables and the pre-test scores of these variables are considered as control variables. The results showed that Captain Log computer cognitive software significantly affected on static spatial reasoning, and working memory (p<0.001).

The data related to the research has been analyzed at two descriptive and inferential levels and the results show that the exercises presented in Captain Log cognitive software strengthen active memory and geometric thinking at the level of static spatial reasoning and improve the visual and spatial understanding of affected children. It is considered a disorder. These exercises are different according to the cognitive level of the child, and with the increase of the cognitive level, the exercises also improve. With this in mind, exercises tailored to learning styles in successive stages are effective in improving children's cognition and improving basic mind processes that are important in high-level learning. In this regard, these results can be used as a guide to design and implement treatment programs to improve the condition of children with Developmental dyscalculia.

The presence of violence in the workplace is a threatening factor for nurses’ psychological health. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the moderating role of perceived social support in the relationship between workplace violence (physical, Verbal, and sexual harassment) with Post Traumatic Stress Disorders symptoms among nurses in Karbala City, Iraq. 

The research method was a descriptive correlation and was used in hierarchical regression analysis. The statistical population of the research included all the hospital nurses of the city of Karbala in Iraq in the summer of 2023. Three hundred and forty-nine nurses were selected by convenience sampling method. The data were collected using the violence in workplace questionnaire, Post Traumatic Stress Disorders symptoms checklist, and perceived social support questionnaire. To analyze data, Pearson's correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis statistical tests were used by SPSS software, 26 versions. 

The results revealed that perceived social support moderates the relationship between violence in the workplace (physical, verbal, and sexual harassment) and post-traumatic stress symptoms (p<0.01). It means, that when the perceived social support is low, hostility at the workplace (physical, verbal, and sexual harassment) has a stronger relationship with post-traumatic stress symptoms (p<0.01).

Based on the results of the present study, perceived social support is a necessary variable to prevent the destructive effects of violence in nurses' work settings. Therefore, due to the role and importance of the perception of social support among nurses, attention to this important finding should be taken into consideration by managers and policymakers of healthcare organizations.

Self-worth is considered as an index of psychological adjustment and proper social functioning. The aim of this research was the effectiveness of self-worth treatment package on rumination and self-criticism of depressed women. The statistical population of the research included all depressed women aged 18 to 50 in Yazd. The sample consisted of 30 women with depression who were selected as available and were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups, where 15 people were considered for each of the two research groups. Research tools were rumination questionnaire of Nolen Hoeksma and Maro (1991) and self-criticism questionnaire of Thomson and Zorav (2004). The experimental group participated in eight 90-minute sessions of self-worth therapeutic intervention. However, patients in the control group did not receive any therapeutic intervention. To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of covariance was used using SPSS23 statistical software. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the average scores of rumination in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages, as well as between the average scores of self-criticism in the pre-test, post-test and There is also a significant difference in the follow-up phase. The self-worth treatment package with variables such as self-compassion, self-awareness for depressed people works like physical therapy of the mind, that is, by stimulating the soothing system, it provides the basis for its transformation, and with the transformation of this system, resilience against It increases depression and can reduce rumination and self-criticism in depressed women.

Household heads females are of the most vulnerable in the society, especially in terms of health and mental health, due to their multiple roles, financial poverty, loneliness, and many limitations and this matter determines the importance of using appropriate and effective psychological treatments for them.

This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of rational emotive behavioral therapy on death anxiety, interpersonal dependency and mental well-being of household heads females.

The research design was semi-experimental with pre-test - post-test and follow-up with a control group. 30 female heads of households in Isfahan city in 2022 were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to two control and experimental groups. The experimental group received 10, 90-minute sessions of rational emotive behavioral therapy, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Measurement tools included Templer's Death Anxiety Scale (1970), Hirschfeld's Interpersonal Dependency Inventory (1997), as well as Keyes and Magyarmo's Mental Well-Being questionnaire (2003). The data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance with SPSS23.

The results showed that behavior therapy intervention had a significant effect on death anxiety, interpersonal dependency and mental well-being with effect sizes of 0.60, 0.196, and 0.424 (P=0.001), respectively, and the effects of the intervention remained in the follow-up(P<0.05).

It seems that rational emotive behavior therapy can play an important role in improving the psychological characteristics of household heads females, including death anxiety, interpersonal dependency and improving mental well-being. It is suggested that rational emotive behavior therapy should be used in counseling and psychotherapy centers to improve the psychological characteristics of household heads

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, characterized by intense and persistent anger and irritability, causes functional problems in childhood and decreases mental health in adulthood. The present study sought to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy on irritability and peer interaction self-efficacy of children with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, follow-up, and a control group design. The statistical population included 8-11-year-old boys with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder in Isfahan in 2021-2022 and their mothers who referred to specialized child counseling centers in Isfahan. Among them, 30 children and their mothers were selected purposively and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups, each comprising 15 individuals. The experimental group’s children underwent schema therapy during ten weekly sessions of 60 minutes while their mothers received the same therapy for 30 minutes each week. The data were collected by Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder Scale (Shah Mohammadi et al., 1400), the Affective Reactivity Index (Stringaris et al., 2012), and the Children’s Self-efficacy for Peer Interaction Scale (Wheeler & Ladd., 1982) and analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results revealed that schema therapy significantly reduced irritability and enhanced peer interaction self-efficacy in children with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (p<.05). Therefore, schema therapy can be regarded as an effective therapy for reducing irritability and increasing self-efficacy in interactions of children with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotional efficacy therapy on fear of negative evaluation and experiential avoidance of mothers of autistic children.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design. The statistical population of this research included mothers of autistic children who were referred to Dasthaye Mehrabani School (Darya) in Isfahan in 2022. Thirty mothers were selected by purposive sampling method based on the entry and exit criteria and randomly replaced in two intervention and control groups (15 people in each group). Both groups before and after the intervention and 2 months later, in the follow-up phase, were given research tools including the short version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale by Larry (1983) and the Experiential Avoidance Scale - the second version of Bund et al (2011). The experimental group was treated based on emotion efficacy therapy in 8 sessions of 2 hours, but no intervention was done in the control group.

The findings showed that the treatment based on emotion efficacy therapy was effective on fear of negative evaluation, and experiential avoidance, and the effect of this change remained stable until the follow-up stage (p<0.05).

Emotion efficacy therapy can be used to reduce the fear of negative evaluation and experiential avoidance among mothers with autistic children.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of neuroticism, sensation seeking and self-control in predicting the tendency to criminal behavior in criminals living in hothouses.

The descriptive research method was correlation type. The statistical population included all people with criminal behavior living in hothouses in Isfahan city in the spring of 1402. 400 people were selected by available sampling method. The research tools included a questionnaire (Hari psychopathy self-report, 1991), five personality traits questionnaire (McCree and Costa, 1985), Arendt's sensation seeking (1993) and self-control (Tanji et al., 2004). The research data was analyzed using SmartPLS software using structural equations

The results showed that self-control had an effect on the tendency to criminal behavior in people with criminal behavior living in hothouses (p<0.05). Also, thrill-seeking had an effect on the tendency to criminal behavior in people with criminal behavior living in greenhouses (p<0.05). Also, Nowruzism had an effect on the tendency to criminal behavior in people with criminal behavior living in greenhouses (p<0.05).

Therefore, based on the results of the research, self-control, excitement seeking and neuroticism is one of the important and effective factors that explains the tendency to criminal behavior in criminals living in hothouses. The increase in public concerns about various social issues, since the damage and injuries caused to the body of the society is increasing and also because sometimes dealing with it is becoming more difficult and complicated day by day, it makes scientific and accurate knowledge of social issues necessary.

This study aimed to investigate the role of resilience, emotion regulation and spiritual health in predicting suicidal ideation of female victims of violence during the coronavirus era.

The descriptive research method was of correlation type. The statistical population included female victims of violence who had referred to the psychological clinics of Isfahan city in 2021-2022 and among them 180 people were selected by the available sampling method, and they answered the questionnaires on resilience (Connor and Davidson, 2003), emotion regulation (Garnefski, Kraaij and Spinhoven, 2001), spiritual health (Paloutzian and Ellison, 1982) and suicidal ideation prediction (Aaron Beck, 1961). The research data were analyzed using the method of correlation analysis, multivariate regression analysis and through the SPSS-23 software.

The results indicated that suicidal ideation could be predicted by resilience, spiritual health and emotion regulation (p<0.05). Resilience has the greatest ability to predict the suicidal ideation of female victims of violence and it predicts nearly 32% of the suicidal ideation of female victims of violence, and the variables of resilience and spiritual health are simultaneously 39.5% of the variable of suicidal ideation of female victims of violence.

According to the results obtained, it is important to pay attention to resilience, and spiritual health in educational packages to reduce suicidal ideation in victims of domestic violence.

The stressful and chronic process of caring for patients with dementia is a long process that imposes too much care burden. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of schema-based and caregiver-centered mindfulness methods on psychological distress and burden in caregivers of patients with dementia.

This semi-experimental research was conducted with a pre-test-post-test and follow-up design with a control group. The study population was the caregivers of patients with dementia who visited the neurology clinics of Kashani and Khurshid hospitals in Isfahan during the summer of 1401. Among these caregivers, 45 people were selected through convenient sampling while considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were randomly divided into two experimental groups and a control group (15 people in each group). The two experimental groups completed eight 90-minute sessions of schema-based and caregiver-based mindfulness therapy separately. The data collection tools were DASS psychological distress and Zarit burden questionnaires. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance by SPSS-23 software.

The results showed that the mean scores of the psychological distress and burden were significantly different in the two groups of schema-based and caregiver-centered mindfulness and the control group in both the post-test and follow-up phases (p<0.05). However, in the comparison of the two treatment methods, the results indicated that the mean scores of the study variables in the post-test and follow-up phase in the two intervention groups did not show any significant difference.

The results showed that due to the lack of significant difference between the two treatment methods, schema-based and caregiver-centered mindfulness methods can be used to reduce psychological distress and burden in caregivers of patients with dementia.