حمیدرضا آراسته

The field of nano can play an important role in the progress and national economy of the country. Passing two decades since the launch of nano postgraduate courses in the country, the status of these courses has not been evaluated. Due to the dispersion of science and technology policy-making centers in Iran, each of them has tried to design and implement their evaluation systems. However, the university scale in evaluation has not been considered so far. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the courses in Iran. First step, the content of available sources was analyzed then 8 key informants were interviewed and an evaluation model was designed. Second, the status of the courses was evaluated by interviewing 11 experts in the nano field. The growth of nanoscience and research in the country and the triple institutionalization of INIC in the ecosystem of this technology education in the country are the most important strengths. The lack of access to up-to-date laboratory equipment, the interdisciplinary expertise of professors, the curriculum of courses regarding safety, ethics, and nano health considerations, defining international cooperation projects of university education, evaluation and feedback from the results of the activities carried out in courses and parallel work in the educational activities of different universities are the most important weaknesses of the courses.

Recent studies have investigated the concept of the ideal student due to its diverse interpretations in various educational and cultural contexts. Rather than pursuing perfection, this concept defines desirable attributes that foster individual growth within a diverse population. The present study aims to identify the expected attributes of ideal undergraduate students in higher education through a systematic review of global literature, promoting transparency in expectations and reducing inequalities. This research integrates and categorizes essential features of the ideal student, presenting new insights into student diversity. The ultimate goal is to guide future research and provide a comprehensive perspective on the evolving nature of the ideal student in higher education.

This study adopts an interpretative philosophical approach within a qualitative framework using PRISMA systematic review method. The search strategy was conducted across five primary databases, encompassing all studies conducted from 2000 to 2024, resulting in a selection of 187 studies. The study selection process included step-by-step procedures including search, selection, and qualitative evaluation of articles.

Ultimately, 17 full-text articles were purposefully selected, and qualitative content analysis of these articles identified 135 open codes categorized into 14 concepts and four key domains: personal, social, scientific, and professional attributes of the ideal student. This integration and analysis provide a comprehensive depiction of the ideal student who not only emphasizes academic achievement but also encompasses a broad range of diverse attributes. Five prominent features including enthusiasm for learning, critical thinking, motivation, self-regulation, and responsibility received the highest emphasis as key characteristics of ideal students.

The concept of the ideal student cannot be confined to a singular model but rather focuses on creating a multifaceted framework that accommodates diverse ideals. This paradigm shift in higher education emphasizes universal growth and transparency in expectations, necessitating the provision of flexible and inclusive learning environments for ideal students. This research serves as a foundation for future studies and the development of educational approaches that prioritize diversity and individual acceptance, thereby fostering environments that nurture the diverse capabilities of students.

The purpose of this research was to identify the factors influencing degree orientation in the country's higher education. The research method is the qualitative content analysis method of the document analysis type, and it is classified in the field of applied research. The statistical population of the research included research articles related to degree orientation in the country's higher education. The number of 15 articles in the 20-year period from 1380 to 1400 was selected using the purposeful sampling method. After selecting the research articles, in order to analyze the qualitative data obtained from the analysis of the research documents, open coding and axial coding and selective encoding were used. In the first stage 330 concepts were identified. In the second stage, all the identified concepts were classified into 24 more general components and finally the factors affecting degree orientation in the higher education system can be divided into 3 main categories of political and structural conditions (6 components), the country's scientific and educational environment (10 components) and social and cultural conditions (8 components) were classified. Some of those factors are rooted in the educational system and the scientific environment of the country, as well as the structure and function of the university and the management methods of the university. One part is rooted in the structural and political system and is caused by the functional bias of the trustee and government institutions, and the other part is rooted in the social and cultural system.

Faculties are one of the most effective parts of each university. Deans of the faculties are specifically important elements for university development. Dean’s substitutes have become massively relevant without having a proper model. Designing a model for required competencies is necessary for the Iranian Public Universities in this respect.

Qualitative approach was selected to conduct the present research. Population for the study was all available sources found being 197 articles and text books among which 71 sources were selected as statistical samples. Classification and analysis of data was conducted by use of exploratory method and context analysis.

Data acquired was classified into 221 key statements, 139 primary context, 26 secondary context and 15 main context. Eventually, five major categories, namely public competencies, communication competencies, technical competencies, attitude and visionary competencies, and administrative competencies, were introduced for the model. The model was evaluated based on Straus and Corbin ten-step criteria.

To select proper and relevant deans of faculties in Iranian Universities, such competencies and skills as flexibility, self-confidence, open mindedness, team sharing, interactions, networking, negotiation skills, technical knowledge, staff empowerment, problem solving, accountability, socio-economic and cultural vision, rational thinking and financial management need to be considered.

Identifying the dimensions and components Education of the global professional citizen in the universityFatemeh akhoondi PhD student in Higher educational Management, Tehran University of Research Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Hamidreza arastehProfessor of Educational Management Department, Kharazmi University, Faculty of Management, Tehran, IranNader gholi ghoorchianProfessor of Associate Professor, Department of Higher Educational Management, Tehran University of Research Sciences, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tehran, Iran.Parivash Jafari Associate Professor, Department of Higher Educational Management, Tehran University of Research Sciences, Tehran, Iran.AbstractThe aim of this research is to identify the dimensions and components of global professional citizen education in the university from the point of view of experts and specialists. This research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative with content analysis in terms of implementation method. The statistical population was university professors and experts in this field, 15 of whom were selected by purposeful sampling.The research tool was semi-structured interviews. The findings showed that 5 dimensions (cognitive competences, scientific and specialized competences, cultural and social competences, moral competences and continuous self-growth competences) and 16 components They were identified as elements of global professional citizen education.

Teaching professors usually have a limited relationship with other professors (faculty or teaching). In fact, they may have very little to do with the university itself. Most professors who have the right to teach do not participate in normal activities, university committee meetings, working groups, seminars, conferences, etc. As a result, teaching faculty, while being the center of the university's mission, feel isolated and do not have much connection with the institution, which leads to many problems in the academic world, including; Education, responsibility, development, access, communication, scientific levels and facilities, problems of the civil rights sector including; Protection laws, life and health insurance, job security, salaries and payment methods, gaps in regulatory bodies and problems in the social sector, including; Unemployment, migration and withdrawal of universities are part of their mission. Therefore, when these problems are prioritized in the categories, most of the discussion is focused on four issues: the type of contract status of faculty teachers, exploitation or lack of justice for faculty teachers, their morale or job satisfaction, and problems Education created by them. Today's universities are facing a two-faceted problem, on the one hand, they need to adapt to the requirements of the changing external environment. On the other hand, creative adaptation to external changes requires optimal use and changes in the way of looking at internal issues such as; Professors, faculty, students, processes, organizational culture, teaching methods, leadership style, structures, level of research, and interactions, the quality and quantity of specialized services, and these are related to the mission of the university. It can be Since scientific and technological institutions, including universities, have a prominent and undeniable role in scientific, cultural, social, economic, political, national, and international developments, the progress of universities and higher education centers, is considered the main indicators of development and progress of countries. In order to meet their needs, universities use professors with the right to teach in the field of education. Faculty professors, as part of the university's inputs, not only have different job titles but they are also treated differently. The experience of teaching professors in different universities is different. However, the main problems of Haq-al-Tadiris professors the non-allocation of required resources, discriminatory behavior, and lack of job security despite having sufficient qualifications and good performance. The professors wanted appropriate and appropriate educational facilities in the classes. They believed in equipment and necessities as the main factors that could affect their educational methods. This is because appropriate educational equipment plays a significant role in learning and teaching methods at high levels, and teachers can create educational contexts that affect the quality of learning, considering that classroom conditions can also affect teachers. In order to improve qualified and competitive human resources, professors must have indicators such as; The ability to identify the problems and needs of society, be smart, flexible, and innovative, and have professional ethics and scientific personality so that they can play a role in the development and management of resources, governance and decision-making. According to the age of artificial intelligence, uncertainties, and very fast changes, the professors of teaching rights should adapt according to the environment in the field of education in order to use new technologies in the field of education in a good and quality way. This requires activities such as scientific lectures, participation in workshops, etc. Therefore, according to the said material, the explanation of the subject literature, the main problem, and one of the ways out of the current situation is the development of the cooperation of teaching faculty with universities, the development of the cooperation of teaching faculty has three basic dimensions, including Professional behavior and performance, organizational behavior and performance, and individual behavior and performance will be in the form of competencies that emerge in the scientific process in the form of theories, assumptions, methods, social activities, and group structures. The community of teaching faculty is one of the most important parts of the country's higher education, so far no research has been done on identifying their competencies in order to develop cooperation. Therefore, identifying the qualifications of teaching faculty to develop cooperation with universities is the main issue of this research.

This research was conducted qualitatively using the Delphi method. The participants of this research were, in the library section, upstream documents, key documents of higher education and theoretical foundations, and in the field section, academic experts, key informants, and higher education officials. People were selected by purposeful sampling with the criteria of at least 10 years of teaching, research, and management experience in different academic courses. Sampling was done with the participation of 20 experts and key informants. The data collection tool consisted of two parts, review and exploration of upstream documents, theoretical foundations and research background in the library part, and a semi-structured interview in the field part. The semi-structured interview with the participants continued until the theoretical saturation stage. Data analysis was done based on the Delphi technique.

The findings of the research showed that the model of competencies for the development of cooperation among teachers includes 27 components and 3 dimensions (organizational competencies, individual competencies, and professional competencies). The participants mostly mentioned the dimensions of organizational competencies and professional competencies, but in the upstream documents, the dimensions of individual competencies were discussed more. Of course, the components of self-efficacy, service to society, and job commitment were emphasized both in the upstream documents and in the opinions of the participants.

In general, it can be acknowledged that it is recommended to the managers and officials of the higher education system to determine the factors affecting the self-efficacy of teaching professors based on successful experiences, showing the positive performance of others, and identifying goals. It is recommended to the managers and officials of the higher education system to determine the factors affecting the formation of the self-efficacy of teachers based on successful experiences, showing the positive performance of others, and identifying mission-oriented goals and patterns through high empowerment courses. to Use innovative and creative methods such as problem-solving and creative thinking for service delivery skills. It is recommended to the managers and officials of the higher education system to provide professional identity by removing the boundaries and social differences of professors in universities and higher education centers. It is recommended to managers and officials of the higher education system to institutionalize job commitment by providing opportunities to improve the skills and knowledge of professors. It is recommended to the administrators and officials of the higher education system to promote the use of teaching technology by creating technology-oriented infrastructures and developing modern technology in universities in order to improve the effectiveness of professors. It is recommended to the administrators and officials of the higher education system to create a biological and organic structure with the changing environmental conditions with the possibility of flexibility and freedom of action for the professors to create educational innovation.

The purpose of this study is to identify opportunities for student participation in university administrative affairs.
This qualitative study utilized content analysis based on semi-structured in-depth interviews with senior scholars in educational and higher education scholars in the educational, research, and cultural areas of activities in the state universities of Qom province, using purposive sampling to reach theoretical saturation with a sample size of 17 individuals.
Based upon conducted interviews and their analysis, opportunities for students' participation in university affairs are divided into four educational, research, cultural, and guidance and advocacy areas, according to which a research model was designed.
Considering the designed model and also taking into account the structural situation and regulatory constraints, it is possible to utilize student participation in university affairs in various areas.

At the beginning of the twenty-first century, more than ever, the need for "futuristic education" was felt. Future-oriented education draws future horizons based on foresight and considering future conditions. The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the necessity of future research in educational institutions with a case study of the professional development of primary school principals. Qualitative research was conducted using systematic review method. First, theoretical and research backgrounds related to the professional development of school principals were examined, and then foreign studies from 2013-2023 and domestic studies from 2015 to 2021 were carefully examined and the most relevant studies were selected. The findings of 24 foreign studies and 25 domestic studies were analyzed. Based on the findings, 30 frequent core components were identified that were effective in the professional development of school administrators. In their research, the researchers have mostly considered the existing situation and in order to raise the level of professional development of school administrators, they have presented their results and findings in the form of models or suggestions, and they have not been concerned about possible futures, and in case they have this concern, they have addressed the mentioned issue with the approach They have not investigated future research.

The future and progress of higher education is significantly coupled with the development of new technologies, including artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence has a significant impact on the lives of citizens of the 21st century and is introduced as a tool that can be used to improve and progress all areas of human life. With the development of information and communication technology, higher education has been heavily influenced by artificial intelligence. Currently, in some higher education centers of the world, artificial intelligence is used in fields such as mathematics, medicine, computer science, accounting, statistics and psychology. The present study, with the aim of the role of artificial intelligence and transformation in higher education, has been carried out by a review method with a systematic collection of studies. This article first deals with what artificial intelligence is and its effects on the economy, the labor market, and creation of changes and transformation in higher education. Then, it analyzes the achievements and applications of artificial intelligence on teaching and learning. The findings showed that artificial intelligence will not only have significant applications on teaching and learning, but also will assist students in matters such as student admission, personalization of course content, student evaluation, creating learning opportunities, increasing learning experiences, motivation, and the joy of learning. The article concludes that the future of higher education is intrinsically intertwined with the advancements of artificial technologies, and in the foreseeable future, a new and distinct identity and interpretation of the university and its teaching will be presented.

The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the necessary components and prerequisites for the professional development of school administrators. And with the method of document analysis, theoretical and research projects related to the professional development of school administrators were first examined, and then foreign studies from 2013-2020 and domestic studies from 2014 to 2014 were carefully examined and the most relevant studies were selected. became The findings of 24 foreign studies and 25 domestic studies were analyzed. After the descriptive and interpretative analysis of research results, professional development indicators were presented in 5 scientific, skill, organizational, personal and cultural-social sectors. According to the findings obtained in most of the researches, the current state of professional development has been investigated and related issues have not been paid attention to with a future-oriented approach.

The purpose of the present study was to identify and rank the structural damages of non-profit non-governmental higher education institutions in Mazandaran province.

In this research, a mixed method was used. In the qualitative stage, data were collected by interviewing key informants. Using these results, a researcher-made questionnaire was prepared. In the quantitative stage, the general research method was descriptive and of survey type. The face validity and content validity of the questionnaire were confirmed with the help of experts and elites. Its reliability was obtained by calculating the reliability coefficient using Cronbach's method of 0.898. The questionnaire was distributed among the statistical population, which was the board of directors of the central non-profit union of the country and the non-profit workers of Mazandaran, and 100 questionnaires were collected. Finally, the data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and SPSS software.

Using exploratory factor analysis, 46 injuries were identified in the three dimensions of formality, focus and complexity. Friedman's ranking test was used to rank injuries. It was found that the component "abandonment of non-profit higher education institutions in the structure of the Ministry of Science" is in the first rank and the component "weakness of non-profit non-governmental central office to support the institutions" is in the last rank.

Considering the number of students of non-profit higher education institutions and the effective contribution of these institutions to the country's higher education, more attention should be paid to this part of private higher education. Not that these institutions are ranked first in the structure of the Ministry of Science in terms of abandonment. At the same time, it is suggested to use the achievements of this research, which is in the same direction, by changing the view towards private higher education.

In order to ensure the effectiveness of health services, it is necessary to pay attention to the evaluation and monitoring of different areas of the health system. Today, there are various methods and disciplines in this field that train such specialists. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating The Status of the Field of Health Supervision in The Master’s Degree.

Methods and Materials:

 This research is a comparative study that was conducted in 1401. In this study, sampling was done in a targeted manner and based on the Times ranking of top universities in 2022, and the compared units in this study included 15 top universities that had health monitoring or similar. In this study, the findings were compared in the form of a comparative table.

Study findings in categories; The value, mission and perspective of creating the field, goals of the field, conditions of student admission, main professional duties of the graduates, necessary abilities, characteristics of the program structure and similar fields were examined and compared. The results showed that the top universities in the three countries of America, England and Denmark have focused the most on establishing the field of health monitoring.

Based on the results of the research, the field of health monitoring is not taught in an academic and specialized way in Iranian universities, and based on the values, mission, vision and general goals of this field, it is suggested to follow the successful universities in the world and based on the needs of Iran, the preparations for establishing the field of health monitoring are suggested. Health should be provided in the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education. 

In this paper, a decentralized energy management system is presented for intelligent microgrids with the presence of distributed resources using reinforcement learning. Due to the unpredictable nature of renewable energy resources, the variability of load consumption, and the nonlinear model of batteries, the design of a microgrid energy management system is associated with many challenges. In addition, centralized control structures in large-scale systems increase computational volume and complexity in control algorithms. In this paper, a fully decentralized multi-agent structure for a microgrid energy management system is proposed and the Markov decision process is used to model the stochastic behavior of agents in the microgrid. Electrical and thermal distributed resources, batteries, and consumers are considered intelligent and independent agents. They have the learning ability to explore and exploit the environment in a fully decentralized manner and achieve their optimal policies. The proposed method for hourly microgrid management is model-independent and based on learning. The method maximizes the profits of all manufacturers, minimizes consumer costs, and reduces the dependence of the microgrid on the maingrid. Finally, using real data from renewable energy sources and consumers, the accuracy of the proposed method in the Iranian electricity market is simulated and verified.

One of the important categories in education is the process of teaching and learning. All educational activities are to lay the right foundation for the realization of this process. This study aimed to identify the components affecting the teaching-learning process for the training of efficient engineering technical students with high employability. In this research, a qualitative approach and content analysis method were used. The study participants were purposefully selected and a semi-structured interview was conducted with 15 informants’ people who had lived experience in engineering education. Also, the documents of 11 universities and colleges active in engineering education with high employability were analyzed. Results includes 6 categories or domain : Teaching method, with 16 subcategories or dimension; Curriculum with 8 subcategories; Characteristics of the teacher and how to communicate with the student with 11 subcategories; Evaluation with 3 subcategories; Strengthening skills and characteristics that should be considered in the classroom with 13 subcategories; Learning support services with 14 subcategories. This study showed that several factors affect the effectiveness of teaching-learning process that should be considered by policy makers.

Discipleship and scientific education as a tradition derived from the lives of the Imams (peace be upon them), with the lofty goals of dynamic student-teacher relationships in the higher education system, which is the most important pillar and axis in the development and scientific and human excellence of the higher education system. , is congruent and it is necessary to identify and present this matter by examining different dimensions of the subject. Therefore, the current research aims to answer the question, what are the dimensions, components and indicators of student upbringing of faculty members in universities? It was done and presented in the form of research findings.

The research has been compiled using metacomposite method. The research sample included 17 works of 17 Iranian religious thinkers that were related to the study and became the basis for extracting the findings.

After reviewing and analyzing the works, 22 indicators were identified and classified under 8 dimensions in the form of 19 components. In this, the spiritual dimension and the behavioral dimension are especially important.

The special attention and attention of policy makers and higher education planners to the dimensions, components and indicators resulting from this research will improve the performance of university faculty members, who play the biggest role in improving the quality of education, research and social services, and it requires an effective flow of remembering and learning and educating students in the form of discipleship in all dimensions in higher education.

Currently, renewable energy is rapidly developing across the world in response to technical, economic, and environmental developments, as well as political and social initiatives. Moreover, the excessive penetration of distributed generation (DG) systems into electrical networks may lead to various problems and operational limit violations, such as over and under voltages, excessive line losses, overloading of transformers and feeders, protection failure and high harmonic distortion levels exceeding the limits of international standards. These problems occur when the system exceeds its Hosting Capacity (HC) limit. The HC is a transactive approach that provides a way for the distribution network to be integrated with different types of energy systems. Distributed Generation (DG) sources are one of the important componeents of novel distribution systems, among which renewable and clean energy sources have received more attention due to the important role of these sources in reducing greenhouse pollutants. The use of renewable sources such as wind and photovoltaic sources is expanding day by day with the increasing demand for electric energy supply. However, the limitations in the amount of the penetration of DG resources are one of the main challenges in the development of the use of these resources. This paper is looking for a method to improve the HC of the distribution network from DG sources by using reactive power compensation and the reconfiguration of distribution systems. The results of the simulation show the advantages of using the proposed method in increasing the HC and as a result the development of the use of renewable resources.

The purpose of this research was to present a model for institutionalizing shared leadership in Islamic Azad University. The statistical population included specialists and experts from the units located in West Azerbaijan province, who were directly dealing with the subject under investigation. Using the purposeful sampling approach, they were selected until theoretical saturation (n=10). The data was collected by the interview method with the general guidance method and in a semi-structured way. Participants as well as the review of non-participating experts were used in the research. The reliability of the model was evaluated using the Kappa index. The value of kappa index equal to 0.763 was calculated and it was placed at the level of valid agreement. Interviews were analyzed and coded using Maxqda10 software. Finally, based on the identified final criteria, the model derived from the qualitative content analysis method was presented. The results of the open coding of the qualitative data collected using the interview tool were 84 primary codes out of 401. Then, 84 primary codes in the form of 16 main categories including organizational leadership communication, organizational communication, functional outcome, organizational teams, organizational behavior, organizational structure, different leadership styles, human resource management system, organizational environment, strategic management, organizational change management, management Performance, competitive advantage, organizational resources, organizational skills, behavioral characteristics of the leader were categorized in a model.

The purpose of this article was to identify the factors and elements of professional ethics and to present a model for promoting the professional ethics of students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran. This research is a mixed type statistical population in the qualitative sector with purposeful sampling approach, 14 experts in the field and university and in the quantitative section, 365 faculty members of Islamic Azad University were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. In order to collect information on research literature, theoretical foundations and definitions in addition to the documentary and library method in the field, a researchermade professional ethics questionnaire including five dimensions and 95 questions was used. Descriptive, fitting and confirmatory factor analysis were used for data analysis. The results showed that the coefficients of each of the individual (0.503) educational and research (0.552) organizational (0.552) and environmental (0.558) coefficients contributed to the promotion of professional ethics of Islamic Azad University students. It was meaningful and accordingly a model for promoting students' professional ethics was developed. Structural equation modeling technique was also used to test and validate the conceptual model of research.

Throughout the wave of the digital revolution, online learning has continuously grown as a new and effective delivery method of contents and skills. Online learning tools to create richer learning environments than traditional learning are constantly evolving different forms of online learning, Moocs is one of them. MOOC stands for Massive Open Online Course and represents an instructional approach that permits hundreds of thousands of students to access online courses anywhere around the world and typically free of charge. The successful production, development and implementation of these courses require attention to educational, technological and cultural drivers.   The purpose of present article is to Identify Cultural and social drivers of Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) at Payam Noor University. The methodology used in this article is qualitative and the method of data collection was qualitative. The components used were based on the documentation and semi-structured interview tools. Inductive content analysis was used in three levels of open, axial and selective in order to review the documents. For a comprehensive identification of the dimensions and components of Cultural and social drivers of Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) at Payam Noor University in addition to reviewing studies conducted in this field, a semi-structured interview with 15 field experts in MOOC Course were conducted. The results showed that the drivers affecting the MOOC Course in Payam Noor University from a cultural and social perspective include three dimension: Psychological and social preparation of learners and staff, The Cultural and Social requirements of the MOOC Course And the cultural and social context of MOOC courses in Payam Noor University and community officials; and 17 components. The results of the research draw the attention of officials, specialists and those involved in the design and production of MOOC courses to the necessary cultural and social contexts at the level of the course, university and community in order to make these courses as successful as possible.

The heterogeneity of the graduate student population, the diversity of their motivations and the variety of courses offered by universities increase the need to understand the reason for the existence of graduate education to ensure the quality and success of these courses. Thus, the overall purpose of this study was to identifying and analyzing the missions of the graduate sector. In this research, systematic review research method and qualitative content analysis approach were used to analyze the data. The statistical population is documents related to the field of higher education and graduate studies that are available using purposive sampling. By referring to books, articles and university websites, textual evidence related to the research question was collected until theoretical saturation was achieved. The process of qualitative data analysis was performed in three stages. Findings showed that in the graduate sector, educational missions include fostering critical thinkers, empowering people, offering distinctive disciplines and specializations that are compatible with growing diversity, leading the way in promoting, applying and maintaining knowledge and the formation of a dynamic and diverse community of students and faculty. Research missions include innovation and development of knowledge frontiers, the link between theory and practice, and providing the main engine for innovation. And social service missions included strengthening and enriching the academic environment, improving the quality of life, providing quality postgraduate education, Active participation in society and identifying and attracting prospective students. Considering that the mission statement identifies the main reason for the existence of the organization and sets the main and unique purpose for it, the findings of this study can be used as a basis for some policies in higher education. Therefore, if policy makers, planners and administrators of universities and higher education institutions are interested in improving and enhancing their graduate courses, it is necessary to pay proper attention to these factors.

Smart homes with zero energy as an option to combine a large number of distributed energy resources to power networks in building a new future designs, are used. Zero energy homes equipped with smart power integrated production and consumption of zero over a year. In this study is that the sources of energy supply management program for a zero-energy home using mixed integer programming techniques to be paid. Due to the complexity of the problem and the number of correct and incorrect variables lot on this issue, using mathematical techniques to solve problems quickly will be more appropriate. Home energy sources, batteries, PEVs and solar panels.

One of the main concerns of the country's higher education system is the achievement of practical educational missions in the universities’ system process output, i.e. students. Therefore, the aim of this research was to provide a model to facilitate the teaching effectiveness of faculty members and its implementation mechanism in universities and higher education centers according to the topics related to the lecturers’ teaching effectiveness. This research was conducted in a qualitative method using thematic analysis technique and semi-structured interviews with 15 faculty members of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Research and Science Branch. Data analysis and findings indicated that 50 concepts in different scientific sources, 126 new concepts in the text of the interviews and finally 150 new concepts were identified after organizing the concepts collected from the interviews and scientific sources, it placed. The main strategies and categories in facilitating the teaching effectiveness of faculty members were classified in the aspects of lecturer’s scientific-research capability, professional characteristics of the lecturer, individual-educational skills, strategies related to lecturers, strategies related to teaching, and the ones related to the university. Applying this model and knowledge its components in different sections can play a significant role in improving the teaching efficiency and effectiveness and able to increase the possibility of Iranian universities development in the future.

One of the most important goals of the university is to meet the needs of the community, which provides solutions to solve problems by engaging in solving community problems. The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a model of social services for higher education institutions. For this purpose, the method of documentary study and qualitative content analysis were used simultaneously. The scope of the research included upstream and managerial documents on the goals and functions of higher education institutions and interviews with higher education experts. Sampling was purposeful and 32 documents were used as a written sample. Fifteen higher education professionals were also interviewed in a targeted and snowball manner. In order to analyze the qualitative data, a three-step process of open, axial and selective coding was used. The implementation of the open coding process led to the identification of sixty-seven main concepts. After classifying the data, the social services model of higher education institutions in the form of five central categories including educational services, bio-welfare services, scientific-knowledge services, technical-research services, cultural and political services, sixty-seven open concepts and the selected structure provided the same social services of higher education institutions.

One of the main concerns of the country's higher education system is the achievement of practical educational missions in the universities’ system process output, i.e. students. Therefore, the aim of this research was to provide a model to facilitate the teaching effectiveness of faculty members and its implementation mechanism in universities and higher education centers according to the topics related to the lecturers’ teaching effectiveness. This research was conducted in a qualitative method using thematic analysis technique and semi-structured interviews with 15 faculty members of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Research and Science Branch. Data analysis and findings indicated that 50 non-repetitive concepts (219 repeated concepts) in different scientific sources, 126 new concepts in the text of the interviews and finally, 150 new concepts were identified after organizing the concepts collected from the interviews and scientific sources, it placed. The main strategies and categories in facilitating the teaching effectiveness of faculty members were classified in the aspects of lecturer’s scientific-research capability, professional characteristics of the lecturer, individual-educational skills, strategies related to lecturers, strategies related to teaching, and the ones related to the university. Applying the research model can be used as a means to enhance the effectiveness of faculty members, university deans, and higher education policymakers.

The purpose of this study was to identify the missions and goals, content, tools, and functions of faculty development centers in world-class universities.

This study was conducted using qualitative approach and comparative comparison method and content analysis. Data were collected using the Times 2020 ranking site and sites of centers at world-class universities rated below 100. In this study, 40 faculty development centers in world-class universities were purposefully selected. Data from this study were coded and analyzed using NVIVO 12pro software.

The major themes were categorized into 4 axes of missions and goals, content, tools and functions, and two dimensions of university development and faculty development. The results of this research in the mentioned categories about creating networks of collaboration with faculty and related academic centers and using new teaching and assessment methods with interactive approaches and tools to enhance teaching and learning, along with related subcategories, can be used by strategic managers in universities.