داود آذر

In order to have capable people who can intelligently use today's technologies, the society must have a high level of literacy in all fields.Literacy in today's world is not just about reading and writing,but an active and intelligent society must master all kinds of literacy.One of the types of literacy that society should be familiar with is media literacy.Among the strata that have always been exposed to the onslaught of media messages and the enemy's cognitive warfare are the military organizations and their employees.The purpose of this research is to improve the media literacy of the students of Aja officer universities in the face of the cognitive war in such a way that by strengthening the media literacy,they can have high mental safety and be less vulnerable. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of method.The statistical population in this research is library documents,treatises and theses, as well as interviews with eleven experts in the field of cognitive warfare and media literacy.In this research,the data obtained from interviews with experts and documents and previous studies were collected and summarized, coded and analyzed using MAXQDA software.The result obtained from this research shows that by considering the dimensions of knowledge structures, media skills and personal decision-making center under 13 components and 63 executive strategies,it is possible to improve students' media literacy in the officer universities of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army. A way that they can perform properly in the face of cognitive warfare

This research was carried out to aim of explaining the applications of Internet of Things technology in cyber and electronic warfare. The method of doing descriptive research is applied and with a mixed approach.Seven experts from the army's electronic, cyberspace, telecommunications and electronic warfare and familiar with Internet of Things technology were selected for interviews to theoretical saturation by purposeful sampling. The statistical population for the questionnaire included some staff of the army of the Islamic Republic of Iran with at least a bachelor's degree in in the mentioned fields. the statistical population included 100 people (using coefficients), so the census method was used to distribute the questionnaires. First, document study and interviews were used to collect data. After that, the questionnaire was used.The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha. Qualitative data analysis was done using content analysis method and quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS software       In total, the results of the research led to the statistics of four dimensions situational awareness, autonomous systems, weapons and personnel, 10 components C4ISR, GPS, digital maps, sence and avoid systems, swarm robots, precision targeting, fire control systems, unmanned guided systems, warriors, commanders, 27 indicators. In total, the results of the research showed that with a high level of confidence, it can be acknowledged that the applications of Internet of Things technology in cyber and electronic warfare will be prioritized in the dimensions of weapons, personnel, situational awareness and autonomous systems.

This research was carried out to provide a model for evaluating the cyber offensive power of the army of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
The implementation method of this research is descriptive, by applied type, which is done with a mixed approach. Seven experts from the army's cyberspace were selected for interviews to theoretical saturation by purposeful sampling. The statistical population for the questionnaire included some staff of the army of the Islamic Republic of Iran with at least a bachelor's degree in the cyber science. In addition, they have served at least 10 years in cyber career positions. the statistical population included 79 people, so the census method was used to distribute the questionnaires. First, document study and interviews were used to collect data. After that, the questionnaire was used. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha. Qualitative data analysis was done using content analysis method and quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS software       
Manpower, cyber complexity, cyber weapons and cyber situational awareness are the most important components that the finding of this research were 12 indicators for evaluating cyber offensive power. It also provided a model to evaluate the cyber offensive power of the army of the Islamic Republic of Iran.   
This model illustrates that the autonomy of the cyber weapon should be considered by the manufacturers in the design and construction of cyber weapons (embodied and disembodied). On the other hand, quality of manpower with a wide range of technical skills, creativity, who have high situational awareness with proper training, is necessary to use these weapons and overcome cyber complexities.

From a military point of view, cyber power is perhaps the most important emerging tool of the past few decades. Currently, most of the armed forces of the countries are preparing to secure their cyber and cyber borders against such a new development. New military manuals are compiled based on cyberspace. In all levels of conflict, from internal rebellions to conventional war, cyber power is an inevitable factor of military capabilities, this capability is formed on the basis of modern technologies. Cyber ​​centers are an important organization in the military structure of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army, and the results of its performance will play a vital role in the performance and efficiency of the army. Therefore, determining their performance based on new strategies is one of the important duties of the supreme commanders of the armed forces. This research was done with the aim of presenting the cyber power strategies of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army. This research is based on an analytical-descriptive method and the use of available resources in the field of cyber power, as well as a comprehensive review using the SWOT analysis method to determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, and further based on the opinion of experts and The interviewees determined the weight of each option and 15 strategies were determined as the most important cyber power strategies of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army.

Expanding emerging and technology-based threats from adversaries and using cyberspace to conduct various operations towards land and specially armed forces can cause a strategic surprise if do not consider it well. Also, due to the existence of valuable information in IRI Army networks and the possibility of accessing, sabotaging, disclosing and stealing this information, the need for cybersecurity to deal with such activities has become increasingly clear.The purpose of this research is to "identify I.R.I Army general staff cybersecurity effective factors". The method of collecting information was field and library and their collection was through interviews, questionnaires, documents and internet sites. For the interview, elites and experts who had sufficient experience on the subject of research were selected. The study population is all individuals and documents, books, regulations with topics related to cyber security. The statistical population is all employees who are working with a related degree in cyber operation field, whose number is 34 people equal to the coefficient due to statistical classification.To analyze the data, the mixed method was used in such a way that first the information obtained from the study of sources and interviews with experts were qualitatively analyzed and then, the statistical results of the questionnaire to confirm the results. The results indicate that intra-organizational factors including securing equipment, networks, software, monitoring of cyber incidents and timely response to them and improving the cyber knowledge of employees and external factors including man-made and natural cyber threats, are I.R.I Army cybersecurity effective factors.

The range of cyber defense activities is very wide and its methods are diverse. Cyber security professionals need to understand the types of attacks and how to prevent, detect, analyze and reduce them. They must also understand the structure and interdependence of the organization's IT assets and networks, as well as the commercial value of the data and software stored in those systems. They should also have an overview of the structure of the organization, business processes and the real people who work in the organization. Cyber centers are considered an important organization in the military structure of the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the results of its performance will play a vital role in the performance and efficiency of the army. Therefore, monitoring their performance based on new evaluation models is one of the important tasks of senior commanders of the armed forces. This research has been done with the aim of presenting an effective factors for evaluating the cyber defense power of the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The type of applied research is descriptive research method and qualitative and quantitative research approach. The results of qualitative and quantitative analysis of this study include seven indicators to assess the strength of cyber defense in the two areas of passive and active defense and determining the effective factors for assessing the strength of cyber defense of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Gaining the ability to deal with the enemy requires a thorough understanding and awareness of its strengths and weaknesses. In military studies, acquaintance with the strategies, structures, and trends governing the world's armies, especially probable hostilities, is of great importance.due to in the US military literature, cyber space has been introduced as the fifth area of ​​military operations and strategic documents have focused on developing capabilities for effective cyber operations, the research team is exploring ways to enhance the capability of the Islamic Republic of Iran's military against cyber operations. The US military has been through the study of documents as well as interviews with experts. In this regard, the personnel of the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran with a bachelor's degree in the field of cyber-related activities and in the range of senior officer ranks, were selected as the statistical population (taking into account the coefficient) of 100 persons and all community members. (In full) were studied. In data analysis, at first, the data were coded based on the data method, and most of the duplicates were identified and then 26 questions were designed and distributed to the statistical population. The results of the analysis of the collected data indicate that it can be said with a high level of confidence it can be said that by providing Supportive Measures, Enabling Measures and Intelligence Support Measures, the Islamic Republic of Iran's Army’s capability can be upgraded against US military cyber operations.

The Aircraft Cargos Heavy C-130 in the Army Air Force Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran, As one of the most effective support battle aircraft in the world (especially during the Holy Defense years), has played a significant role in the missions provided to this force. The present research is related to an Electronic Warfare Airborne to Standoff Jamming mission, And its main " The Feasibility Study of Using the C-130 Aircraft to Standoff Jamming the Mission Electronic Warfare Airborne." Is considered; And The main question raised in this research is:"Is it possible to use the C-130 to Aircraft to Standoff Jamming an electronic warfare Airborne mission?" In this research, a population of about 120 people was selected using the Cochran formula in a sample population of 48 people. Also, for gathering information, tools such as interviews, questionnaires and study documents have been used, Also, the validity of questionnaires Visited by prominent scholars And reliability of questionnaires Using Cronbach's alpha coefficient is 0.824. Eventually, Findings with a mixed approach Using descriptive and inferential statistics, Has been analyzed And the results are: " Due to Airborne threats And new technological approaches to weapons And smart guidance systems, The need to pay attention to Electronic Warfare Airborne With all its components and indicators; That is, electronic support, Electronic attack And tactical electronic protection of the aircraft Is applicable And applying it To strengthen and Development of martial power As air force operational And other parts of the AJA, Is serious.

Hybrid wars are the wars of the Third World and armed groups, which, due to weakness in many areas, try to combine national capabilities with a view to confronting superior powers.
Given the fact that AJA uses cyberspace in data technology and extensive exploitation information, there is no specific system for monitoring cyberspace and the implementation of comprehensive, safe and sustainable systems for effective implementation of AJA missions. There are many ambiguities in this area. The identification and monitoring of the necessary mechanisms and schemescan help to organize and manage it in the production and exchange of information in a secure environment. The researcher in this research (Monitoring Operation of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran (AJA) in Hybrid War as a Function Variable) and factors such as (Mechanisms and schemes) as a factor affecting the main function of the survey and research and 103 individuals have been selected.
In order to collect information, tools such as interviews, questionnaires and study documents The documents were used, the findings were analyzed using content analysis, trend analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics, and finally analyzed in mixed form. The results of the hypotheses indicate that the AJA cyberspace monitoring operation is very effective in the Hybrid War, as well as monitoring TCP and UDP ports, Network acceptance, recruiting specialist and committed people, localizing applications and software, and securing active and passive network equipment; those that have the greatest impact on their monitoring operations in Hybrid war

The Islamic Republic of Iran has a very special position in the Middle East. Independence, anti- arrogance approach and insistence of Iran on its indisputable rights have caused a variety of threats and wars in the region; accordingly achieving and maintaining combat power for superiority in the new wars, such as the combined warfare, has always been the mainstream of the military elite and senior commanders in the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Combat capability of Islamic Republic of Iran Army in hybrid warfare depends on multiple actions and effective strategies in different areas, too; therefore, the current research aims at “understanding and achieving the most important factors, components and indicators on the combat power of AJA in Combined Warfare”. In order to achieve this goal, a mixed approach of applied-development research and descriptive-case study was selected. After collecting the research literature in the areas of combined warfare and combat capability, various fields were assessed from the military readiness perspective. The questionnaire and interviewing was used to identify the components of the factors of combat power factors. Two dimensions were extracted in their indexes: tangible factors (maneuver components, electronic warfare operations, information operations, coordination and control, coverage and deception and ...) and intangible factors (the components of faith, morale, education, discipline, guidance and leadership, organization). The results of the research indicate that the factors related to the superiority of combat power capabilities, with consideration of the above factors, play a significant role in the management of the battle scenes of combined wars, and achievement of the goal in combined wars will be faster than any action.

According to the Quran, the history of psychological operations goes back to before the Descent of Man to Earth. In fact, the devil, as has sworn himself, suggests from the beginning sought to mislead human beings. There are many verses in the Quran, attempting to boost the morale of Muslims in battlefield. Given that most verses of the Quran are on psychological operations related to the wars in the era of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), the researcher has conducted hermeneutic analysis of the question of what the psychological operations in the age of the Prophet Muhammad have been according to the Quran? It can be said that some of the verses have been in response to enemy’s psychological warfare, trying to neutralize them other aggressive verses are trying to affect the morale of the other party to force them to surrender. This article aims to explain the psychological operations based on the Quran at the time of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Historical approach to research in the field of psychological operations highlights the attention to the religious dimension of psychological operations. Therefore, the results indicate that if the verses of Quran are properly assessed and explained, a consistent method and culture for modifying the style of psychological warfare by Muslims would be to spread the rumor, the martial lyrics, pretending to be strong, and binding to their beliefs and assaulting the enemy’s beliefs.