رعنا محمدتقی نژاد اصفهانی

The purpose of this article is to critically reflect on the daily lives of women by studying how the cafe experience has changed the redefinition of femininity. Michel De Certeau provides a good conceptual framework for understanding the production of urban space and its experience through the daily activities of the inhabitants of a city. The methodology used in the research is critical ethnography; Research data include a wide range of indirect and participatory observations, field notes, and unstructured interviews using thematic analysis, three central categories (cafe as a third place, femininity as conflict, and the experience of new femininity in space) was obtained. The results of the study indicate that the presence of women (both consumers and producers of space) in cafes has led to the formation of more agency and activism in them and gained liberating experiences that define them from traditional femininity to it challenges. A two-sided reading of this study shows that women are present in public spaces as active actors and somehow manage space; they are actively involved in building their new space and identity, and are seeking their claim to equality in the city.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the critical discourse of women's inferiority through the analysis of four films: Fire Bride, Lineless Paper, Father's House and Venus. The theoretical framework used is Judge Moradi's theory of self-determination, which has been done by Fairclough's method of critical discourse analysis; Critical discourse analysis, by linking discourse structures and social contexts, can help us to understand the issues that exist. Among the dominant discourse systems is patriarchal discourse, which deconstructs relations between the sexes from a position of power; Also, the discourse of tradition and modernity that causes subjects to redefine their identity. This method has three stages of description, interpretation and explanation; For this purpose, in the description stage, attention is paid to the formal features of the text (analysis of dialogues and sequences). In the second stage, which is the stage of interpretation, inter-discourse (discourse practice) is discussed; Finally, the interaction of macro-social structures on the text based on the theory of autonomy has been investigated. The results show how the transition between the two discourse spaces of tradition and modernity, the order of gender discourse and the power relations inherent in this hierarchy, has led to the inferiority of women and then their resistance to the superiority of men. Modern and traditional femininity not only contrast with each other, but on the other hand, the feminine sign is also represented in front of traditional and modern male subjects.