زهرا بصیری

De Quervain's tenosynovitis is one of the common causes of wrist pain. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of high-power laser therapy and local corticosteroid injection in the treatment of De Quervain's tenosynovitis.

In this clinical trial, 30 patients diagnosed with De tenosynovitis were randomly assigned to two groups of 15, A and B. Group A underwent high-power laser therapy, five sessions for three consecutive weeks, and group B received corticosteroid injections of 1 ml triamcinolone and 1 ml lidocaine 2% in the wrist under ultrasound guidance. Tendon thickness, pain intensity, quality of life, and treatment satisfaction were measured and compared in both groups pre-treatment, month one, and month three post-treatment.

In groups A and B, respectively, the mean scores of the thickness of extensor abductor pollicis longus and abductor pollicis brevis muscles before the treatment were 7.57±0.63 and 7.25±0.58 (P=0.120). these value were calculated at 6.55±0.61 and 6.54±0.40 one month later (P=0.955). They were 5.71±0.75 and 5.99±0.45 (P=0.239) mm three months post-treatment. In addition, pain scores before the treatment were 8.60±1.18 and 8.47±1.46 (P=0.785). One month later, they were 2.73±1.66 and 4.27±1.16 (C=0.785), and three months post-treatment, they were 1.73±1.33 and 2.47±1.06 (P=0.007). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of quality of life and satisfaction with treatment (P<0.05 for all).

Both local corticosteroid injection and high-power laser treatment methods were safe in the treatment of De Quervain's tenosynovitis, leading to a reduction in pain and tendon thickness, as well as an increase in the patient's quality of life

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of three different ankle braces using the Maximum Lyapunov exponent on local dynamical stability of individuals with chronic ankle instability during running. Twelve subjects with chronic ankle instability as injured group and 12 healthy individuals participated in this study. Injured group performed 70 strides of treadmill running in shoe and rigid, semi-rigid and soft braces as well as no-brace conditions. The healthy group performed the test only in no-brace condition. Kinematics data were used to calculate the short time (λ_S) and long time (λ_L) maximum Lyapunov exponent. The results showed that λ_S of running in semi-rigid brace is significantly different with running in other braces in chronic ankle instability group; but it was not different with the control group. It seems running in semi-rigid brace in chronic ankle instability group provides stability like healthy control group.

Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic disease of the bone in the world, and has hit about 200 million people around the world and it increases the risk of fractures. More than 5 million osteoporotic fractures occur annually in the world. Bone mineral density is the standard method of diagnosis of this disease. In this method, proximal of femur (neck) and lumbar vertebra bones (L2, L3, L4, L5) are typically evaluated. The aim of this study was determine the bone density profile of one third of distal radial bone in patients with primary osteoporosis. This cross-sectional study conducted at Shahid Beheshi hospital in Hamadan city, from October 2015 to October 2016. Among of the patients, those over the age of 50 years old, 71 patients were selected by convenience sampling method taking into account if they have inclusion criteria (such as: age> 50 years, no systemic diseases, no history of corticosteroid use). For all patients that enter the study, lumbar, femoral neck and one third of distal radial bone densitometry was done by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) method. Osteopenia and normal bone density the World Health Organization criteria were used to determine osteoporosis. In this research 71 people entered the study. The mean age of the patients was 62.25±9.36 (51-92) years. In term of gender 5.63% of patients were male and 94.37% female. Pearson correlation coefficient showed a positive and significant correlation between the results of one third of distal radius with neck and total femur bone and lumbar bones (P<0.05). Correlation between the T-score of one third of distal radius and total femoral neck was statistically significant (P<0.05). The mean age of patients was 62.25±9.36 years. According to the findings of this study one third of distal radial bone mineral density has an acceptable sensitivity to detect osteoporosis. Radius bone density decreases much faster than lumbar, vertebra and femoral neck.

Exercises are effective in bone density in different areas of the body when they can increase the mechanical load or dynamic pressure in those areas. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercises in water on bone density of premenopausal women.
This semi-experimental study was of pretest-posttest design. Twenty premenopausal women, between 40 to 45 years, were randomly selected in two groups of exercise in water and control group in the city of Hamadan in 2016. The experimental group completed 12 week exercise training, three times a week and 70 minutes per session. Before and after 12 weeks, femoral bone mineral density (Total Hip and Femoral Neck) in subjects were measured by DEXA bone mineral densitometry. The data obtained were analyzed by descriptive statistics, dependent and independent t-test and ANCOVA on a significant level P Femoral bone density (total hip and femoral neck) in water training group compared with the control group showed a significant difference (P=0.002 and P=0.046). In control group decrease in bone density of the hip in total hip and femoral neck (P=0.004 and P=0.033) were observed.
Regarding the differences in the training in water group and the control group, weight-bearing exercises in water in premenopausal women are recommended, because it can prevent a decrease in bone mineral density stemming from aging in this period.

For years, athletic footwear companies tried to modify the shoe outsole construction as an effective factor influencing on kinetic and kinematic parameters of running aiming to improve the energetic parameters of motion. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Nanoclay particles in sport shoe outsole on ankle joint power during stance phase of running.

Eighteen healthy shod runner males were recruited to run three times at 3.5 m.s-1 under PU, NPU1 and NPU2 shoes. The three-dimensional ankle and knee joint power were determined using the inverse dynamic approach by MATLAB2010 and analyzed by SPSS20 using one-way repeated measures ANOVA.

The result showed that the positive peaks of ankle joint power in all three-dimensional planes significantly influenced by NPU shoe. However, the Running with NPU had not any effect on negative peaks of ankle joint power in all planes.

Running with NPU can improve performance in the sagittal plane and facilitate the stability of the ankle joint in the horizontal plane. While it makes balancing the ankle joint more difficult in the frontal plane.

The best way to prevent osteoporosis, at old age is to prevent bone loss and at young age is trying to keep bones healthy, therefore the aim of this study was to determine the effect of combined exercise on bone mineral density of premenopausal females.
This semi-experimental study was conducted among 20 premenopausal females between 40 and 45 years old, which were randomly assigned to two groups (experimental and control groups) in Hamadan city, during year 2016. The experimental group completed a 12-week combined exercise-training program (6 weeks in water and 6 weeks on land), three times a week and 70 minutes per session. Before and after the 12 weeks, femoral bone mineral density in all samples was measured by DEXA bone mineral densitometry. Data were analyzed with the SPSS 21 software using descriptive and inferential statistics, such as independent and paired t-test, and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA).
Bone mineral density of femoral neck and total hip of the experimental group, had significant differences with corresponding areas of the control group (P According to the results, to prevent a decrease in bone mineral density during the menopausal period, combined exercises are recommended for females at this age.

The popularity of running and consequently of running injuries has increased tends to develop shoe sole constructions aiming at preventing different injuries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of shoe outsole containing nanoclay particles on knee joint power during stance phase of running. Fourteen healthy male shod runners run 3 times at 3.5 m.s-1 under three shoe conditions manufactured by polyurethane (PU), 1% Polyurethanes-clay nano-composites (NPU1) and 2% Polyurethanes-clay nano-composites (NPU2). The joint power (Pj) was calculated by multiplying the joint moment (Mj) and the joint angular velocity (ωj). Knee joint peak power in the three dimensional planes were compared between the shod conditions during the stance phase of running using repeated measurement ANOVA (P< 0.05). The results showed that the negative peak of knee joint power in sagittal plane was significantly different between the PU and NPU2 conditions. No significant differences were noted in other positive and negative peaks. It is concluded that using Polyurethanes-clay nano-composites can change shock absorbing ability of knee joint​.

Introduction & Interstitial lung disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with scleroderma. For this reason an early diagnosis of lung involvement is warranted. The best approach to detect pulmonary disease particularly alveolitis (inflammatory NSIP) as a reversible phase is controversial. The aim of this study is estimating the advantage of HRCT as a noninvasive screening test to detect the pattern of ILD related to systemic sclerosis. In this cross sectional study, 52 patients with scleroderma who referred to rheumatologic medical center from 2010 to 2011 were evaluated for ILD by the use of history, physical examination, CXR and HRCT. Finally, all the data were analyzed using SPSS13 software. HRCT was normal in 21 patients (40.4%), and NSIP in 19 patients (36.5%) and UIP in 12 patients (23.1%) were reported. CXR was normal in 19 (36.5%) and mild reticular pattern in 15 (28.8%), overt reticular pattern in 14 (26.9%) and honey combing in 4 (7.7%) were seen. HRCT findings were abnormal in 6(11.5%) patients without dyspnea, 22(42.3%) without cough, 20(38.4%) without crackle in lung auscultation and 26(50%) without clubbing in physical examination. In 2(3.8%) patients no pulmonary signs and symptoms UIP were reported. HRCT is a noninvasive method to detect lung involvement in early phases independent of presence or absence of pulmonary signs and symptoms.

Wegener’s Granolomatosis (WG) is a systemic, necrotizing, small-vessel vasculitis. Vascular inflammation and occlusion leading to tissue ischemia is a hallmark of WG. WG has a clinical predilection for the upper airways, lungs, and kidneys. Thromboembolic events do not usually occur and arterial thrombosis is extremely rare. Case Report: Here we reported 2 rare cases of arterial thrombosis that caused lower limb ischemia. There were not any risk factors such as deficiency of protein C, protein S or anti-thrombin 3, Factor V Leiden mutation, and anti-phospholipids syndrome. Limb perfusion returned as a result of emergency treatment and ischemia did not occur. High doses of prednisolone and endoxan were administrated for them.

The thrombosis seemed to happen due to the inflammation process of the disease itself. Because of possible morbidity of limb gangrene we suggest special notice to limb pain, evaluation by paraclinics such as color doppler sonography or angiography to rule out or rule in thromboembolism, determining whether there are risk factors for thrombosis such as (deficiency of protein C and protein S or anti-thrombin III, Leiden 5 factor mutation and anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome), and treatment or removal of them. If no risk factor is found, high doses of immunosuppressive therapy like steroid and cytotoxic agents like Endoxan will be the choice.

Introduction & Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease of the articular joint that results in significant pain, stiffness and swelling and leads to destruction. The clinical findings and biomarkers application can allow clinicians to quality the effects of aggressive treatment during the first stage of the disease in order to prevent joint destruction and disability. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between joint erosion and clinical and laboratory findings. In this cross sectional study 266 patients with RA referred to Mobasher Kashani hospital in Hamadan were evaluated. The data of clinical and laboratory findings and X ray results were collected and analyzed by chi square test. The study showed that the painful joint, number of painful joint and swelling joint had a significant correlation with erosion (P=0.05, P=0.057, P=0.013 respectively). The morning stiffness, fatigue and rheumatoid nodule had a significant correlation with joint erosion (P=0.001, P=0.00, P=0.04 respectively). However the number of joint swelling, elevated ESR, positive CRP and positive RF didn’t have significant correlation with joint erosion (P=0.18, P=0.108, P=0.66, P=0.32 respectively). We conclude that for a better diagnosis of joint erosion both clinical and paraclinical findings should be considered.