فهرست مطالب زهرا حقیقت

One of the most practical and accurate diagnostic imaging methods is computed tomography (CT) scan, which can be used to examine bones and joints in small animals.

This study aimed to evaluate the morphology, morphometry, and anatomy of the stifle joint of the Persian cat based on the CT images.

This descriptive cross-sectional study examined 10 clinically healthy adult Persian cats (5 males and 5 females) with a mean age of 2.4 years and a mean weight of 4.7 kg. To prepare CT images, the anesthetized Persian cat put on the CT scanner plate in a dorsoventral position. While the hind limbs of the cat were fully extended and kept towards the back, the sagittal, transverse and dorsal scans were taken at 2-mm intervals from the distal third of the femur to the proximal third of the tibia in the lateral and anterior posterior planes.

Based on the results, the CT method can help identify most of the anatomical structures of the stifle joint without the use of contrast material. The bones were white due to their high density, medullary cavity were dark, and muscles and tendons were visible in different gray scales on the CT images. The posterior cruciate ligament, the anterior and posterior ends of the lateral meniscus, and the posterior end of the medial meniscus were well identifiable in the sagittal reconstruction. Collateral ligaments, anterior cruciate ligament, and the middle part of the menisci were better seen in the dorsal plane. The only anatomical structure that was not identified in the multiplanar reconstructions was the anterior end of the medial meniscus. The medial and lateral parts of fabella were clearly visible under the tendons of the gastrocnemius muscles. Bony structures and infrapatellar fat pad could also be identified on the CT images.

The anatomical structure of the stifle joint of the Persian cats is similar to that of house cats. The CT images can be used for teaching anatomy, interpretation of CT scan images, and diagnosis of musculoskeletal complications and treatment of Persian cats.

Only 40-50% of cross-matched blood bags are used for surgeries, which leads to wastage of blood bags. We investigated the effectiveness of antibody screening in improving blood consumption during surgeries.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Chamran and Kosar hospitals in1397-1398 in Shiraz. The number of requested, consumed and cross-matched blood bags and the ratio of cross-match to transfusion in two consecutive years (before and after antibody screening) in Chamran and Kowsar hospitals were compared for one month and five months. The comparison of  ratio test with  Medcalc-7 statistical software was used for analysis.

Results

Prior to the antibody screening program, 585 blood bags were requested, 228 crossmatched and only 84 were transfused in Chamran Hospital. After antibody screening 554 requested  blood bags, 98 and 72 bags were crossmatched and transfused, respectively. The cross match -transfusion ratio was decresed  from 2.71 to 1.36 (p< 0.001, 95% CI: 31-25-41 / 98: 95%). Prior to the antibody screening program, out of 3595 requested blood bags, 3377 and 1468 bags were cross-matched and transfused in Kowsar Hospital, respectively. After antibody screening, out of 2183 requested blood bags, 1658 and 1157 bags were crossmatched and transfused, respectively. The cross - match to transfusion ratio was decreased (2.30 to 1.43) (p< 0.001 < 24/28/29/32: 95% CI) after antibody screening.

Conclusions  

Initiating antibody screening rationalized blood consumption. Therefore, it seems that it should be established in all hospitals, and coordination with insurance organizations should be done to allocate the budget and provide the required kits.