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Globalization is the dominant force that changes the economy and rural communities at the beginning of the 21st century. It has been a pervasive influence in changing the shape of rural areas, which simultaneously brings challenges and opportunities for rural development. Rural places have undergone different changes due to globalization in the last few decades. Concerning rural areas, as can be seen, these areas in the world are different and have their characteristics and structures. Therefore, the capacity of these regions to shape their future in the context of globalization will also be different. Villages as places on a local scale with their own identity, culture, way of living, and living spaces are becoming increasingly global. These villages worldwide are subject to severe changes and highly dependent on social and economic processes. In relation to this topic, today, globalization as a comprehensive phenomenon has many effects on the lifestyle of rural areas, which can be investigated, analyzed, and diagnosed from different aspects. But one of the most tangible aspects of the effects of globalization is the change in the lifestyle of the villagers in various economic, social, cultural, and environmental aspects of the villages.

Research in the quantitative part tries to investigate the effects of globalization on the changes in the cultural lifestyle of the residents of the rural areas of the Southern Lian District. To achieve this goal, he uses statistical methods and tests. On the other hand, from the point of view of research classification based on the purpose, it is of applied type; because it seeks to apply theories, laws, principles, and techniques formulated in basic research to solve practical and real problems. Also, in terms of the possibility of controlling the variables, the research is quasi-experimental because, due to the post-event nature of the research, it is impossible to control the variables completely. The information collected in the research was based on two library and field methods. In the library method, a review of the research background and literature was considered, and in the field method, the questionnaire created by the researcher was considered. According to the variables of the research and also the method of analysis, the questionnaire was prepared in the form of open and closed questions and also included spectrums in the form of a Likert scale in the nominal and rank measurement scale and in some aspects, an interval, and was given to the participants. In connection with the information gathering tool (questionnaire), to ensure the similarity of the questions taken from previous research with the research variables and to reveal the face validity of these indicators and their similarity with the villages of the study area, academic experts in the field of rural planning were investigated. After receiving their opinions, the required parts of the questionnaire were revised, and a number of unimportant questions were removed. Cronbach's alpha test was used to check the research questionnaire data's reliability. Therefore, a sample of 30 questionnaires was first distributed to the target population, and according to Cronbach's alpha value, the final revision of the questionnaire was made and distributed to the relevant sample. Finally, for the present study, the value of Cronbach's alpha for all research variables was 0.748, which has an acceptable level.

In the research, 372 participants cooperated in answering the questionnaire questions. In order to select these samples, considering the issue's importance, we tried to evaluate the standards by all groups of rural society as much as possible while randomly selecting the samples; because the changes in the dimensions of the research will be different from the point of view of the studied community. Residents of rural areas feel significant changes in rural environments compared to the past, considering the dimensions of social lifestyle. In investigating these changes in the four dimensions of model- driven, language change, consumerism, and the sense of belonging to the village, and using the method of statistical tests, we try to investigate these changes. The selection of parametric and non-parametric statistical tests for analysis is different depending on the assumptions of each one. For this selection, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was exerted to check the normality of the data. Based on the standard coefficients, the relative importance of each of the independent variables in explaining and predicting the dependent variable has been revealed. According to the results, the components of model-driven, language change, consumerism, and sense of belonging play a prominent role in explaining and predicting lifestyle changes in the villages of the study area, respectively. In this, the model-driven variable is the most important because one change in this index's standard deviation causes the dependent variable's standard deviation (Lifestyle) to change by 0.740. At the same time, a unit change in the standard deviation of other dimensions will result in changes of 0.737, 0.529, 0.450, 0.439, and 0.350, respectively, in the dependent variable dimensions.

Now, the future of rural spaces is facing more complex issues than before, one of which is the phenomenon of globalization and changes in cultural lifestyles in these areas. The phenomenon of globalization has put different changes in the cultural lifestyle of the residents in rural areas, and it has focused and examined the aspects of globalization in four dimensions, model-driven, language change, consumerism, and sense of belonging. These dimensions were the totality of the research, whose interpretation was considered in the cultural lifestyle change. The studied rural areas, like other areas, are often engaged in agricultural activities due to natural conditions. These activities are also seen in the residential context of rural areas, and most rural spaces are dedicated to these activities. According to the research findings, the studied rural areas feel great changes in the rural environment from different aspects compared to the past, which is significantly related to the effects of globalization. The research results indicate that the most changes and effects of globalization have been on model-driven components and the change of the local language and dialect of the residents in the studied rural areas. In the indicators of language change, as it is known, residents have less tendency to use local dialects due to globalization, and most of the residents use non-local expressions and terms in their dialect. In general, the research results show that the changes in the cultural lifestyle among rural areas are in the transition from tradition to modernity. Therefore, the research shows the attention and preservation of rural values along with the changes in cultural lifestyle in the studied rural areas.

 Rural areas are a well-known research topic. Development in these areas is due to the efficiency of agricultural institutions that should ensure the welfare of these areas and employment and population factors that lead to the growth of welfare. In relation to these areas, development is to improve the living conditions and is the most important solution to solve the problems of the villagers. But for this issue, the first step will be to identify the challenges and obstacles to development in these areas, one of the main axes of which is to pay attention to the managerial performance of managers in these communities.

 On the one hand, research is a qualitative research that seeks to explore and identify the factors affecting the management of managers in the development of rural areas, and on the other hand, it is a quantitative research, because it tries to describe these factors statistically by tests. From the point of view of research classification, based on purpose, research is of applied type. Because it seeks to apply the theories, regularities, principles and techniques developed in basic research to solve practical and real problems. Also, in terms of the possibility of controlling variables, the present study is a quasi-experimental research, because due to the post-event nature of the research, it is not possible to control variables completely. In the qualitative part of the research, sampling was done randomly and selectively from local residents. In the end, after reaching the theoretical saturation and reaching the repetitive answers, the qualitative part of the research was completed. But for the quantitative part of the research that sought to describe and identify the factors affecting the performance weaknesses of local managers for development in rural areas, first these criteria should be integrated into factors and sub-factors. On the one hand, this made the research criteria clearer and on the other hand, it made it easier to measure it in the researcher-made questionnaire. Therefore, the semantic units obtained from the interview were coded and classified in three stages. This classification was the basis for designing a questionnaire in the Likert scale. The validity and content of the questionnaire were also confirmed by a panel of experts after simplifying some of the questions and statements. The reliability of the questionnaire for Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.796, which indicates the appropriateness of the research tool for measuring the subject. The questionnaire was randomly distributed among the sample population which included 230 samples (according to Cochran's formula) from rural areas of Dolatabad district. The sample size for rural areas was proportional to the number of rural households in these areas. SPSS and Lisral were used to analyze the data. Thus, factor analysis was used as a multivariate analysis technique to evaluate the factors and to show their significance, the T-statistic model was used.

According to the results of the interview, 43 semantic units were obtained which after coding and classification, these criteria were classified into 26 criteria and 4 general dimensions. These criteria are the most important managerial performance of managers in the rural area, which has played an important role in the development of the rural area from the point of view of the local community. After identifying the desired criteria, these criteria were evaluated in a specialized questionnaire by 230 samples from the study population and analyzed in the LISR program. Based on the results, the value of t-statistic for all criteria is more than 1.96, which indicates a significant relationship between criteria and factors. Therefore, all criteria have the necessary accuracy to measure their own structure and each indicator only measures its own structure and the criteria are correctly classified in the form of key barriers. Based on the statistical values ​​obtained, which are the most important results of the analysis, the highest factor load for administrative-organizational factors; Body; It has been social and economic. Therefore, the administrative-organizational factor is studied as the most important factor for the performance of managers in the development of rural areas.

 Identifying and evaluating the performance of managers in the development of the studied rural area was in 4 main dimensions, administrative-organizational, social, economic and physical. In each of these factors, some criteria had the highest factor load. In the administrative-organizational factor, the standard of professional experience and activity of local managers; In the physical factor, the general standard of retrofitting houses in rural areas, which includes the sub-criteria of regulating suitable laws for rural constructions and providing suitable financial resources for retrofitting houses, had the highest factor load. In the social factor, the standard of effective communication and cooperation between managers and local people has been most important. In relation to this standard, it is clear that two-way and mutual communication between managers and local people will lead to cooperative management. This is a standard that the development literature considers its role in realizing development goals to be very important. In the economic factor, the criterion of paying attention to the economic interests of the village was the most important criterion, which had the highest factor load. In general, the findings of the research determined the challenges faced by managers in the development of rural areas. Of course, the subject of the research was only investigating the challenges of managers in rural areas, but the performance of local managers in some areas, especially in the physical-spatial field, has been appropriate. Construction and creation of new roads in the village, improvement and renovation of roads, security of residential units, etc.

The drying up of Lake Urmia has caused crises and social, economic and environmental hazards in the surrounding villages of East and West Azerbaijan provinces. Natural phenomena and human factors have played an important and effective role in the drying of the lake, so the drying of Lake Urmia can have harmful and irreversible effects on the villagers, the villages around Lake Urmia. The purpose of this study is to assess the consequences of the drying of Lake Urmia on the economic indicators of the surrounding villages (reduction of employment, increase of poverty, increase of unemployment and decrease of income and decrease of investment and savings). The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and the data have been collected in the form of library and survey (questionnaire). The statistical population of the study is the surrounding villages of East Azerbaijan and West Azerbaijan provinces, including 25,648 people and 7,600 households. Cochran's formula was used to calculate the sample size. Also, using Cronbach's alpha, the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated to be 0.83%. In analyzing the data of this study, Spss23 software and one-sample t-test were used and the results of one-sample t-test in the surrounding villages show that among the economic dimensions of indicators of increasing poverty and reducing the rate Employment has the highest impact, as well as indicators of rising unemployment, declining savings and declining incomes have the least impact on the drying up of Lake Urmia. Therefore, by taking measures such as creating places and resorts along the lake to attract tourists and building a refinery and packaging of salt in the lake for export to other countries can create employment for residents and prevent their migration. Therefore, by taking measures such as creating places and resorts along the lake to attract tourists and building a refinery and packaging of salt in the lake for export to other countries can create employment for residents and prevent their migration

Forest fires and their spread are one of the natural phenomena on the planet. In a way, the phenomenon of fire in the forests and pastures of Iran is no exception to this rule. Fire as a ecological factor can be devastating and at the same time with the right program, it can be a good solution in ecosystem management. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of local people in crisis management with emphasis on recent forest fires in Arasbaran. The present research is descriptive and the method used to collect information is library and documentary. The results of this study show that the participation of local people in managing forest fire crises, even with basic and simple tools, has an important and significant role in extinguishing forest fires in Arasbaran. Examination of the results of fire risk model showed that 53.27% of the area has a high and very high potential for fire and the direction of the slope and its amount have the greatest impact on the occurrence and spread of the fire front. Also, the correlation of the final map of fire potential with communication lines is more than 0.68, which shows that the human factor has played a significant role in causing the fire.

The tourism industry plays an important role in the economies of countries. Meanwhile, rural areas are facing problems such as rural migration, low income levels, growing poverty, and so on. Rural tourism and tourism economy is becoming one of the main pillars of economic development and in this regard, rural tourism with proper planning and recognition of opportunities and constraints can play an important role in rural development and diversification of the national economy. Have. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of rural tourism in the economic development of tourist target villages (Case study: villages of Modares district, Shushtar city). This research is of descriptive-analytical type which has been used by survey method and library. The statistical population in this study includes villagers living in rural areas of Modares district of Shushtar city. According to the 1395 census, it has a population of 1259 people and 361 households. In the studied statistical population, Cochran's formula was used and the sample size was equal to 294.43 and for more accuracy, the sample size was 295. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the quantitative reliability of the questionnaire. The alpha value for different parts of the questionnaire was calculated from 0.72 to 0.80. In order to obtain residents' views on the mentioned components, statistical tests of mean responses and variance and one-sample t-test were used. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between rural tourism and the economic components of the study. The most important role of rural tourism in the economic development of rural areas is as follows: income component with an average (-1.54) has the most impact and employment component with an average (-1/10) has the least impact of rural tourism.

Lakes and lagoons play an important role in human life, given their functions. This illustrates the dependence of humans on these water resources, while in recent years it has also been disrupted by the process of drying up of these vast resources of human life. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of drying on Lake Urmia on Sustainable Economic Indicators (Case Study: West Dizjeroud Village of Azarbaijan Sarkhi). This is a descriptive-analytical research using survey and library methods. The statistical population of this study includes rural residents in the rural areas of West Dizjeroud of Azarbaijan Sarkhi. According to the 1395 Census, it has 12654 population and 2503 households. Cochran formula was used in the study population and sample size was 272.71 for more accuracy of 273 sample size. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the quantitative reliability of the questionnaire. The alpha value for different parts of the questionnaire was 0.70 to 0.86. In order to obtain the residents' viewpoints about the mentioned components, statistical tests of mean responses and variance and one-sample T-test were used. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between drying of Lake Urmia and economic components of research. Most of the effects of drying up of Lake Urmia on economic factors were attributed to the increase in poverty by -4.57 and decrease in employment rate by -3.59. The results of the one-sample t-test showed the positive effect of drying on Lake Urmia in the economic indicators of rural areas.

The Iranian zone has always been at risk of earthquakes due to being placed on the earthquake belt. The formation of large faults and the existence of active stress fields have made Iran prone to earthquakes. The purpose of the present study is to measure and evaluate the physical resilience of villages at risk of earthquakes (Case study: villages of Angirloo). In this research, descriptive-analytical method and survey information and libraries were used. The statistical population of the study consisted of villagers of Aynirloo, Akbarbood Gheshlaghi and Qizghali (N = 1642), considering the statistical population under study using Cochran's formula to extract statistical sample size (n = 311) with 5% error rate. For more accuracy, sample size 320 was selected and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the quantitative reliability of the questionnaire. One-sample T-test was used to assess the residents' viewpoints on the mentioned components. The results show that the physical resiliency of the villages with the highest accessibility score (2.92) and the highest quality of passages and crossings (2.16) had the lowest score.

Today, the tourism industry plays an important role in the economies of countries. In the meantime, rural settlements are facing issues such as rural migrations, low income levels, increasing poverty, and so on. There are a number of rural settlements in the country in terms of location and attraction of tourists, especially religious tourism, which have a good potential for developing tourism activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of religious tourism in the economic development of rural settlements. This is a descriptive-analytical study using survey and library methods. The population of the study includes rural residents of Nojah Mehr rural area of Jolfa city according to the Census of 2016, with 55 population and 157 families. Cochran's formula was used in the study population and sample size was 220/22 for more accuracy of sample size 221. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the quantitative reliability of the questionnaire. The alpha value for different parts of the questionnaire was 0.70 to 0.83. In order to obtain the residents' viewpoints about the mentioned components, statistical tests of mean responses and variance and one-sample T-test were used. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between religious tourism and economic components of research. Most of the study of the role of religious tourism in rural economic development is as follows: investment with average (22.74) had the most impact and employment with average (8.56) had the least impact on religious tourism. The results of the one-sample t-test showed that religious tourism was favorable and had a positive impact on the economic development of rural areas.

Urban tourism has been widely considered as one of the most important parts of tourism activity and has become increasingly important in the process of globalization, so that the urban tourism market is rapidly expanding and the market conditions of most of the program The city has been tempted to develop tourism as an important part of urban politics. The purpose of this research is to assess the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of tourism development in the field and provide strategies for its tourism development. The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical. Data and data analysis required by documentary analysis method And library and field studies have been analyzed to analyze information using the SWOT technique. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of tourism have been analyzed and the strategy for tourism development in the region has been developed. The results of the research indicate It has 11 strengths, 11 weaknesses, yet 12 opportunities, and 12 threats have a major impact on The city is the tourism. The SWOT strategy review strategy has shown that the strategy of aggressive strategy in the first priority and the diversification strategy, in the second priority, is the review strategy in the next priority of Kojour tourism planning.