سعید حیدری کشل

Umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells (UCB-HSCs) have high potential capabilities in the treatment of hematological and non-hematological disorders. Awareness of biology, self-renewal, homing, expansion, storage, and transplantation can lead to optimal use of these cells.

In this Review article in order to investigate the advances and challenges in cord blood banks, the expansion, storage, homing and transplantation of umbilical cord blood stem cells, we used key words like umbilical cord blood, hematopoietic stem cells and stem cell banks for searching published articles in the PubMed database during 2000 to 2020.

Over time, many advances in biology, expansion, storage, and transplantation of cord blood cells have been made by researchers around the world with a growth in the number of private and public cord blood banks in parallel. Despite these advances, there are still challenges to the optimal use of these cells.

Conclusions : 

Increasing our awareness about the achievements and shortcomings in the area of UCB-HSCs, can lead to the formation of new strategies and further studies for the optimal use of these cells.

To compare the effect of adiponectin versus bevacizumab on reducing corneal neovascularization
This study was performed on 40 eyes of 20 New Zealand Albino male rabbits. Corneal neovascularization was induced by a 7-0 silk suture 2mm long and 1 mm away from the limbus. Rabbits were randomly divided into two groups of ten. In the first group, adiponectin eye drop and artificial tears were administered in the right and left eyes, respectively. In the second group, adiponectin eye drop was applied in the right eye and bevacizumab eye drop was used in the left eye for 14 days. The rabbits were examined regularly. Imaging was performed at each visit. The area of corneal vascularization and the length of vessels were measured and compared.
At the end of 14 days, the average length of vessels in the rabbits treated with adiponectin decreased from 2.12 ± 0.32 mm to 0.89 ± 0.46 mm, (57.68 ± 19.98% decrease ;1.24 ± 0.51mm) (P The results of this study suggest that adiponectin can potentially decrease youn corneal neovascularization. Its effect seems to be at least comparable to bevacizumab.

To develop a nanofibrous polycaprolacton (PCL) substrate for limbal stem cell (LSC) expansion that can serve as a potential alternative substrate to replace human amniotic membrane.
The human Limbal stem cells (LSCs) were used to evaluate the biocompatibility of substrates (nanofibrous scaffold, and human amniotic membrane) regarding cellular phenotypic profile, viability, proliferation, and attachment ability.
Biocompatibility results indicated that the substrates were highly biocompatible, as LSCs could favorably attach and proliferate on the nanofibrous surface. Microscopic figures showed that the human LSCs were firmly anchored to the substrates and were able to retain a normal corneal stem cell phenotype. Microscopic analyses illustrated that cells infiltrated the nanofibers and successfully formed a three-dimensional corneal epithelium, which was viable for two weeks. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and real time–PCR results revealed no change in the expression profile of LSCs grown on nanofibrous substrate when compared to those grown on human amniotic membrane.
Electrospun nanofibrous PCL substrate provides not only a milieu supporting LSCs expansion, but also serves as a useful alternative carrier for ocular surface tissue engineering and could be used as an alternative substrate to human amniotic membrane.

To separate and characterize orbital fat-derived stem cells (OFSCs) and compare its cellular and molecular properties with those of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). Stem cells from orbital fat, abdominal fat and bone marrow aspirates have been isolated. We assessed stem cell specific cell surface markers using cytometry, osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation potential using special stains, and cellular proliferation rate using MTT test and expression of pleuripotency genes by Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We also assayed wound healing using a scratch test and expression of corneal epithelial specific cell markers using an air lifting test. Results of flow cytometry showed that OFSCs were positive for CD105, CD90, CD44, CD166 and CD73 and negative for CD34, CD45, CD31 and CD133, similar to MSCs and ASCs. Differentiation to osteoblast and adipocyte was observed in all groups. OFSCs healed more rapidly as compared to MSCs and ASCs. Only OFSCs expressed epithelial markers KRT3, KRT12 and Connexin43 after air lifting. Orbital fat-derived stem cells had a high capability of proliferation and differentiation. Given the possibility of expression of epithelial markers and the potential of regeneration as well as its close location to the eye, these cells can be considered for cell therapy to treat persistent corneal epithelial defects.

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells able to self-renew as well as to produce more differentiated daughter cells. In this study, stem cells were isolated from the endometrium and were then compared with the mesenchymal stem cells for their nature to be determined. Endometrial samples from healthy donors with informed consent after laparoscopy were collected by a gynecologist. The bone marrow samples were aspirated from femur by a hematologist. At least 5 mL of blood was removed and the tissue is at least one square centimeter. After three successive passages, the stem cell surface markers of CD90, CD105, CD146, CD34, CD73, CD44, CD133, and CD45 were analyzed using flowcytometry. The karyotype analysis was also performed for the adherent cells. Endometrial stem cells were successfully isolated from the five samples. Adherent cells in flowcytometric analysis showed the positive expression of surface markers to be CD146: 59.3%, CD105: 98.3%, CD90: 95.8%, CD34: 0.9%, CD 45: 1.1%, CD73: 96%, CD44: 84%, and CD133: 1.4% while in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells the expression of markers were CD105: 98.6%, CD90: 98.4%, CD34: 0.5%, CD73: 97.9%, CD44: 89.3%, CD146:13%, CD45: 0.3%, and CD133: 0.6%. The morphology of endometrial cells, spindle-like mesenchymal cells, the mode of application, and 44XX karyotype were normal. Stem cells isolated from the endometrial tissue had a heterogeneous population of the cells and high levels of expression of specific surface markers of stem cells especially the mesoderm lineage.

The 3T3 feeder layer cells are commonly used for stem cell maintenance and expansion. Although feeder free systems are recently being developed for embryonic stem cells culture, deciphering the ability of new sources of feeder cells is still important for accurate expansion of epithelial stem cells. This study was aimed to introduce a new feeder layer for the culture of human limbal stem cells which can be applied for therapeutic corneal regeneration. For this purpose, the potential of unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) isolated from umbilical cord blood was investigated. Human limbal stem cells were co-cultured with mouse 3T3 fibroblasts in addition with human unrestricted somatic stem cell (USSC), isolated from full term-pregnant women. The expression of surface markers including CD73, CD90, CD105, CD45, CD34, and CD44was evaluated using flowcytometry. Lmbal stem cells were cultured on two feeder layers in which mitotic activities were inhibited using mitomycin C. The morphology of cultured cells was assessed using phase-contrast microscopy. Furthermore, stem cell characteristics were assessed using immunocytochemistry and real-time PCR for stem cell markers including p63, KRT19, KRT3, Cx43, vimentin, involucrin and ABCG2. Additionally, chromosomal karyotype analysis was preformed. Cord blood somatic stem cells with spindle-shaped morphology can be quickly split up. The results demonstrated that limbal stem cells cultured on USSC surface were positive for ABCG2, 63 and KRT19. These results were confirmed by real-time PCR analysis. Limbal stem cells grown on a USSC feeder layer maintained a stem cell-like phenotype, comparable to cells grown on a 3T3 feeder layer. Karyotype analysis of USSCs and Limbal stem cells represented a normal 44XX karyotype. USSC could successfully support the growth of human limbal stem cells even better than 3T3 feeder cells. Since USSC are derived from human beings, it has an advantage over 3T3.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease of joints and the main cause of elder patient's disability. Cartilage damage is a major problem in OA. To investigate the pathogenesis of OA, this study aimed to analyze the differential proteomics of chondrocytes in OA patients compared to normal chondrocytes. Protein extracts of cartilages prepared from 7 patients with end-stage OA, who were candidates for arthroplasty, were compared to 7 samples from normal cartilages. Proteins were analyzed by fluorescent gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) method and the differentially expressed proteins were identified by mass spectrometry (MS). Two samples were lost because of tissue insufficiency and the other because of mistransportation. Among the 25 analyzed proteins, difference was seen for the 8 following proteins: osteonectine, cathepsin, chondroadherin, HSP, clustrine and collagen II, Activin A and carbonic Anhydrase. The levels of osteonectine, cathepsin, clustrine and collagen II were decreased in the OA samples compared to normal chondrocytes. Moreover, the levels of chondroadherin and Activin A were increased in the OA samples compared to normal chondrocytes. The findings demonstrate the ability of the 2D-DIGE/MS platform to identify proteins with altered expression in chondrocytes of patients with OA. The identification of these proteins may open new lines of research for the pathogenesis of OA.

Abstract This study was performed on the base of importance ofphenylalanine dehydrogenase (PheDH) in the outbreak of phenylketonuria (PKU). In order for PKU screening one of the medical applications of enzyme is, identifying and quantifying the exact amount of L-phe in blood serum. The research question was whether the level of protein expression changes after optimization of codon usage in pET-23a and pPR37 expression vectors in E.coli expression system host and the level of expression of the two vectors are different. In this study, experimental approach has been performed. In this study, pdh gene optimized was used belonging to B.sphaericus that was cloned in the two expression vectors. Codon optimization was performed by online Jcat software. PheDH was purified by Ni-NTA chromatography column. The relative molecular mass of PheDH subunit was about 41KDa by SDS-PAGE 10%.The purity and amount of proteins were assessed by SDS-PAGE. The highest rate of expression was observed at 8h after induction inpETpdh/BL21 (DE3)plysS construction. The level of expression of other construction was very low. Applying this method for purification the specific activity of enzyme was 705 U/mg of protein. Our polyhistidine-tag enzyme can be ideally used for the immobilization on a nickel coated microliter plate surface. On the based of this research, it is recommended for large scale enzyme production. According to the comparison between the twogene construction,presumablypETpdh construction is appropriate for production of PeDH enzyme in large-scale.

Tumor markers are soluble substances in body fluids such as blood, urine, serum and tissues that are increased in patients with cancer. Most of the tumor markers are proteins that are increased in response to changing in the condition of cancer or are directly secreted by the cancer cells. Furthermore, most of the tumor markers are also made by normal cells and their amount is low in the cells: however the expression of tumor markers is increased or decreased in tumor cells thereby their amounts are elevated in blood and body fluids. This article sought to review the recentl-y published data on the diagnosis of cancer cells with the aid of tumor markers through proteomics approaches.

Biodegradation of hea-vy fuel oil (Mazut) by indigenous competent microorganisms is one of the new fields of biotechnology in petroleum industries. Biocompatibi-lity and inexpensiveness characterist-ics of the method have developed its application day to day. Isolation and identification of oil bacteria can be an effective approach for degrading heavy fuel oil. Sampling of the soil and water sources contamin-ated with oil components was carried out. The samples were incubated on special culture conditions to screen potential microorganisms. Then، their degrading ability was investigated on mazut. Best microorganisms were se-lected and identified. Then، the degr-adation capability for mazut was in-vestigated in matrices containing fix-ed and floating mazut by the strain bacteria. The new strain Entero-bacter cloacae (BBRC10061) was isolated and identified from oil conta-minated soil in Mashhad to biod-egrade mazut. In aerobic condition، 13% of mazut (1%v/v) containing in mineral environment was degraded by BBRC10061 during a 10-day period. Evaluating the fixation and floatation of mazut and also impli-cating the microbial mixture، demon-strated that the floating the mazut and preventing its adoration into the bioreactor wall increased the effici-ency process. However، the mixture was not able to considerably increase the mazut degradation. Discussion & The results of this study represented the strain BBRC1-0061 could be used as a proper degrader for biodegradation of the heav

ntroduction: Microbial decolorization in removing chromophores is investigated as an effective and potential method to be applied in textile industries. The type of dyes and degraders determines efficiency of the process. Biodegraders such as bacteria are environmentally biocompatible and cost effective which their application in deco-lorization is extending day to day. Pseud-omonas bacteria are known as one of the most powerful degrader bacteria that can be applied to decolorize textile wastewater. In this study، four different azo dyes including Acid Blue 113 (AB-113)، Basic Red 46 (BR-46)، Direct Blue 151 (DB-151)، Direct Brown 2 (DB-2)، and a mixture of the four dyes (Mix) were subjected to biodegradation using Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa)، and Pseudomonas putida (P. putida) at pH 7. 2 and 30 °C condition. P. aeruginosa completely deco-lorized AB-113 in all initial dye concen-trations، BR-46 in the concentrations of 0. 1 and 0. 2 g/L and DB-2 in the concentrations of 0. 1، 0. 2 and 0. 5 g/L. P. putida completely decolorized AB-113 in the concentrations of 0. 1 and 0. 2 g/L، DB-2 in the conce-ntrations of 0. 1 and 0. 2 g/L. The mixture of four dyes was also completely decolorized in the concentration of 0. 1 g/L by P. putida. Decolorization processes followed first and second order kinetics with respect to dye concentration. The higher calculated rate constants of first and second order were observed in low dye concentrations. Discussion & Results of the study represented that various strains of Pseudomonas are differently able to degra-de azo dyes in different concentrations that can be used based on the components and concentrations of dyes.

Ethanol known as ethyl alc-ohol is a volatile، flammable، colorless liq-uid. It is primarily known as the type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages. Its consumption is very high around the world. It has been reported that ethanol intake is associated with different diseases. There-fore، here in this study the effect of ethanol on human fibroblast cells was investigated. We have carried out cell survival and morphologic studies via Invert Microscope and MTT assay methods to evaluate survival rate and morphological alterations of human fibroblast cells treated with different concentrations of alcohol. Our findings suggested that etha-nol could possibly change human fibroblast cells morphology and survival rate after 48 h incubation. In addition to this، examining fibroblast cells after 48 h culturing without ethanol showed the maintenance of these changes in next generation of the cells. Discussion & It can be conclu-ded that ethanol can possibly cause genetic alterations of the human fibroblast cells، so karyotype evaluations is required to deter-mine these consequences.

One of the leading causes of death around the world is cancer. Despite the advances in science and technology، man has still failed to cure the disease. The discovery of amazing biological properties of carbon nano tubes caused that they would be good candidates for the research on cancer cells. Functionalization of carbon nanotubes is known to improve their prop-erties. Many compounds that have appli-cations in medicinal chemistry have diazo group. In this paper، we tried to func-tionalize MWNT-COOH with diazo comp-ounds. Modification was confirmed by FT-IR، Raman and SEM spectroscopy. The products were tested on colon cancer cells (SW742) by MTT assay. Viability of the colon cancer cells was investtigated in different concentrations of the functionalized products. The results demonstrated that the viability of cancer cells was profoundly de-creased in the presence of the function-nalized nanotubes. Discussion & Our results reve-aled that the functionalized nanotubes could be a suitable candidate for the synthesis of effective drugs on colon cancer.

Periodontal disease in its advanced chronic forms، can involve all or parts of periodontium. While periodontal diseases are accompanied with extensive destruction of periodontal tissues (include-ing cementum، alveolar bone، gingival and periodontal ligament)، the tissue has a limited ability to regenerate itself. Due to the limited regenerating capacity of the tissue، application of cells with high pote-ncy of regeneration may be for the treatm-ent of periodontal disease. Cord blood was collected from the umbilical cord vein of 30 mothers who gave informed consent. The isolated mononuclear cell layer was washed in PBS، and then re-suspended in growth medium. The cells were analyzed with flowcytometry for superficial mar-kers. Critical-sized (8 mm) calvarial defe-cts were created in the parietal bone of ad-ult rabbit. Defects were either left empty، treated with a collagen alone، or a collagen with human cord blood-derived mesenc-hymal stem cells (USSCs). Histology and histomorphometry were performed. USSCs were positive for the markers CD73 and CD105، negative for the marker CD34 and had the normal kary-otype 44XX. Quality of the regenerated bone and its connection to surrounding bone tissue were significantly improved in the treated rabbits. Discussion & Results of the study demonstrated that from the viewpoint of histomorphometric، the rate of lesion regeneration was about 90% higher in the treatment group and the complete reconst-ruction was accomplished after 8 weeks

Schizophrenia is a compli-cated، debilitative mental disorder. Evide-nce is emerging for the association of pol-ymorphisms in PRODH gene and the increased risk of schizophrenia. In the pres-ent research we investigated the relation-nship between this gene and schizophrenia disease by means of a gene polymorphism using PCR-RFLP technique. Blood samples were prepared from 150 persons suffering from acute Schizophrenia and 160 healthy per-sons volunteering for this project. Based on intended SNP، a pair of primers was design-ned by Oligo7 program and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on a thermocycler set. Then the PCR product was treated by appropriate restriction enzymes. Finally، the fragments of digested PCR product were electrophoresed on the gel agarose (4%) and migration pattern of resulted components were compared in he-althy and patient subjects، whereby obtain-ing genotypes of different persons in po-lymorphic position. We utilized SPSS 16. 0 program for statistical investigation of the work and studied SNP 1945T>C and its relation with the disease in statistical population. The findings of the research sho-wed a meaningful relation between the occ-urrence of this nucleotide mutation and its frequency in patients. (P=0. 001) Discussion & Final results of this work indicated that PRODH gene can be considered to be a significant candidate in the population under study as a factor influencing the occurrence of Schizoph-renia.

With regard to the chara-cteristics of single-stranded oligonucle-otides، including their potential for implem-ental use in order to detect some key molec-ules، it was determined to gain experience in obtaining single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) having affinity for binding to morphine molecules. Materials، methods & An oligo-nucleotide library was prepared، consisting of an 80-nucleotide sequence with fixed length flanked by constant 5′ and 3′ ends، a 19-nucleotide sequence from 3′-end، a 21-nucleotide sequence from 5′-end that serve as primer، and a 40-nucleotide random seq-uence in the middle. Four types of nucleic acid and the 40-nucleotide sequence are mathematically equaled with 1015 DNA chains known as oligonucleotide pool. Af-ter amplification by PCR، the aptamers we-re exposed to the matrix-bound morphine molecules. After rinsing with a buffer and eliminating the chains، not bound to mor-phine molecule، they were separated using washing buffer، having potential to separate DNA chains from the target molecule. This act was repeated 15 times. Lastly، those primers were used in which one fluorescein molecule was placed at its 5′-end and flow cytometry results proved the efficiency of the chain in detection of target molecule (morphine). Discussion & Morphine mol-ecule was chosen due to its social and commercial importance for governments. For this reason، the separation of this nucl-eotide segment (oligonucleotide) was desi-gned by applying the experience of other researchers and some segments were event-ually obtained، which can be utilized inst-ead of monoclonal antibodies in detecting morphine in rapid kits after detection of sequences. Therefore، we enter to nanobi-ology and we will achieve applying olig-onucleotides in treatment، drug delivery into the target molecule، follow up the effect of the drug on cells، and finally help imaging.

The lifespan of organic coa-tings is reduced in outdoor applications by attacks of solar radiation، oxygen and atom-spheric pollutants. Degradation of coating and recoating introduce pollutants into the environment. For solvent based coatings like alkyd paints، volatile organic comp-ounds (VOC) are the main source of pollut-ion. Undesirable mechanical، physical and chemical consequences of the resulting degradation can be substantially restricted by properly selected photo stabilizers. Carotene than carr-ots extracted by ethanol and 2 - propanol at a temperature of 60 º C in 4-2 hours. In this regard، samples and control were analyzed by UV spectroscopy and results were compared with samples after past 30 days exposure on the UV sunlight. Beta carotene acts like a subs-tance against UV light and can increase the resistance of the material to be used as anticancer drug; however it''s not able to do the task by itself. In a view، beta carotene is counted as a powerful anti-oxidant material. If such material is increased in UVAs، the UV absorbing quality will be increased. Such work is considered a big advantage in anti-cancer drugs. Tautomerization and co-njugation in phenols makes them to be con-sidered as important UV absorbers and eff-ective class of UV-absorbers. Discussion & In this paper we have investigated the effect of phenolic UVAs on increasing UV absorbing quality in beta carotene، viable cancer cell numbers or MTT test was also performed

Nowadays، cancer is the second cause of mortality in the world and among its variants; the most common cancer in women is the breast cancer. One of the methods for cancer treatment is radioth-erapy، in which to enhance the efficiency of radiation therapy some of radio sensitizer can be used for enhancing tumor cell radiosensitivity. Some nanopa-rticles can be considered as a sensitizer because they enhance the cytotoxicity due to oxidative stress and increase the free radicals، especially reactive oxygen species (ROS)، within cells resulting in cell death. In this study، elevated synergistic effect of TiO2 nanoparticles as radiosensitizer was evaluated in presence of cobalt-60 gamma rays on human breast cancer cell line. After cell culture، the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7 cells) was exposed to 2 Gy of radiation and 30 µg/ml concentration of the aforementioned nanoparticles. Viability was calculated using (3- [4، 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl] -2،5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) MTT assay. Viability of cells in presence of gamma radiation and the nanoparticles، sig-nificantly reduced compared to the viability of cells exposed only to radiation or nano-particle، alone. The effect may dependent on nanoparticle crystals type and conce-ntration. Discussion & Nano-TiO2 inc-reased sensitivity of breast cancer cells to gamma radiation، due to an increase in ROS production and cytotoxicity. Anatase crystals have more severe effects than rutile crystal because of having a larger surface area and creation of more free radicals. Therefore، this nanoparticle has the potent-ial to be used as a radiosensitizer.

Since carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were discovered by Iijima in 1991، it opened up new opportunities in the field of molecular electronics، sensoring، composite materials، drug delivery system and cancer therapy. Application of CNTs in drug delivery systems is being investigated actively because of their useful combination of size and physicochemical properties. Matherials& Significant factor in our study، multiwall carbon nanotubes by chemical carboxyl labeled (MWNT-COOH) with methyl 2 - (2 - amino - 4 oxo Thiazole - (H4) - Alidin) acetate ((MWNT-Amide in terms of microwave said. then، carbon nanotubes amide labeled (MWNT-Amide) by reaction with phenyl hydrazine in 20 minutes derived Thiazole on nanotubes produced by spectroscopy IR، Raman، SEM، elemental analysis، and TGA was Also examined the effect of the nanotubes on cells. Results are highly toxic to cells than other samples of MWNT-Thiazole showed. Discussion & fictionalization of groups is very effective for toxicity reduction of MWNT that can be used for conjugate to drugs or biochemically materials.

Colon cancer is the second lethal cancer after lung cancer. Due to the existence of many side effects and problems in the ways of cancer treatment arising from surgery، chemotherapy or radiotherapy at the present، the need for such ways to be replaced and new drugs is prominent. Usage of herbal essential oils as drug contributes to a major part of traditional and Islamic medicine. This project aims at studying of anticancer activity of Cuminum cyminum essential oils on human colon cancer cell line (SW742). Essential oils are provided by distillation method and their cytotoxicity effects on SW742 cell line were investigated. Human fibroblast cell was used as healthy and control cells. The cells were cultured and different concentrations of each essential oil were induced to cells. After 48 h incubation، cell survival with MTT assay was studied via the statistical methods (software SPSS)، averages and standard deviations were achieved and diagrams were drawn. Findings indicate that essential oil affects on cell survival by two different ways; evaporation part reduces the cell growth enormously of both cancer and fibroblast cells. Soluble part، on the other hand، stimulates cell growth of fibroblast cells، while reduces cell growth of cancer cells. Analytical data provide considerable information about pharmaceutical properties of this plant. Even though، more evaluations are needed to investigate the exact effects of this plant.

Stem cells have the ability repair damaged tissues are too. Mesenchymal stem cells from tissues such as bone marrow، peripheral blood and other tissues have been separation. CD133-positive stem cells have Pluripotency properties and are powerful candidates for application in cell therapy. In this experimental study، MACS kit was used to isolate CD133+ cells of umbilical cord blood. CD 133 positive cells were evaluated by flowcytometry for surface stem cell marker such as CD 90، CD34، and CD105 and than karyotiping are performed. Flowcytometry results showed that approximately 95% of purified cells were CD133+. Heterogeneous cell populations have positive level of CD105:78. 35، CD90:82. 32 and then CD34:8. 56. In CD133 positive fraction، expression of surface marker was: CD105:55. 63، CD90:43. 25، CD34:18. 2. This cells were Normal karyotype and Spindle shaped like Mesenchymal stem cell. The study results showed that the mentioned CD133 positive cells combination and alone can be act a Nominate as a valuable source to tissue engineering.

Embryonic stem cells (ES) are derived from the pluripotent inner cell mass (ICN) cells of blastocysts with the potential to maintain an undifferentiated stat indefinitely. The derivation process involves plating of the blastocysts on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) and expansion of the outgrowth in to established ES cell line. ES cell capable of unlimited self-renewal by symmetric division and differented cells to all primitive embryonic germ layers. The capacity of ES cells to differentiate in to almost all the cell types of human body highlights their potentially to play a promising role in cell replacement therapies for treatment of human diseases. In this study، MEFs has been replaced with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). C4 mES cell (mouse embryonic stem cell line) colonies culture on inactivated hMSCs amplified ≥ 600-folds during the 30-days of continues culture. The longest continues expansion of C4 mES cells on hMSC was 30 passages. In this study the gene expression for Oct-4، Nanog، Rex1، Brachyury، LIF، LIFR، TERT، B2M، Stat3، Sox2، Fgf4 in mES cells، using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in which genes expression for Stat3، Sox2، Fgf4 genes was negative whilst the genes expansion for Oct-4، Nanog، Rex1، Brachyury، LIF، LIFR، TERT، B2M genes was positive. There was also a karyotype analysis for ES which showed normal result. The immunocytochemical analysis of Oct4 transcriptional factor for ES cells was made which showed positive result for this factor. Discussion & These genes may be novel candidates to play critical roles in the regulation of ESC pluripotency and self-renewal.

The abrupt conformational matrix، in which PNIPAM or its modified forms transition of it upon changes at temperatures، may be embedded. It is expected that the change around 32´C has stirred up explorations for in temperature may induce the conformational technological applications. Methods & Materials: Thermo-sensitive hydrogels were prepared by graft copolymerization of chitosan and N-Isopropylacrylamide via gamma radiation. Characterization of hydrogels such as 13C-NMR، DSC analysis and swelling test and cell assessments for harvesting living cell sheet were investigated. 13C-NMR and DSC analysis showed chitosan and NIPAAm monomer were grafted via gamma radiation successfully. Swelling ratio and curves results administrated hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity of hydrogel that this property is due to presence of PNIPAAm in different temperatures. The hydrogel was tested for harvesting epithelial cells after carrying out cell culture at 37 °C and incubating the confluent cells at 4°C for spontaneous detachment of cell sheet from hydrogel surface without enzyme treatment. Discussion & Cell viability assay results and microscopic observations demonstrated that cells could attach to the hydrogel surface and maintain high viability and proliferation ability. Cell detachment efficiency from the hydrogel was high. These unique properties of the hydrogel would make it a promising support for epithelial cell grafting especially cornea regeneration.

4-Aryl-4H-chromenes are novel anticancer agents which induce apoptosis in cancer cells. These compounds were found to induce apoptosis by targeting the tubulin/microtubule system in cell proliferation process. The aim of this study was to report cyototoxic and apoptosis inducing activities of a new series of synthesized 4-aryl-4H-chromenes compounds. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of the synthesized 4-aryl-4H-chromenes was investigated against a paned of human cancer cell lines including MCF-7 (breast carcinoma), A549 (lung carcinoma), HEPG-2 (liver carcinoma), SW-480