فهرست مطالب سیمین بشردوست

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of Husband-Keeping Behavior in the relationship between Irrational Communication Beliefs and Men's Marital Satisfaction. The method of descriptive correlation research was structural equation modeling. The statistical population was the men referred to the Aram clinic in the second half of 1401, located in the 1st district of Tehran, and among them, 357 men were selected as samples by Purposive sampling. The research tools include Enrich's Marital Satisfaction Scale (EMSS, 1989), Communication Standardized Beliefs Scale(CSBS, 1982), and mate retention inventory(MRI, 2008). The data were analyzed by structural equation analysis. The findings showed a good fit of the data with the proposed research model. Husband-keeping behavior and irrational beliefs had a direct and significant effect on marital life satisfaction (p<0.001). Also, irrational beliefs with the mediation of  Husband-Keeping Behavior had an indirect and significant effect on marital life satisfaction (p<0.001).  From these findings, it can be concluded that negative Husband-Keeping Behavior and irrational beliefs related to the increase in marital complaints lead to a decrease in the satisfaction of married life, and positive Husband-Keeping Behavior leads to the strengthening of the satisfaction of married life.

Cancer patients face many challenges. They are trying to use spiritual approaches to adapt to these challenges. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a spiritual health promotion package based on the basic beliefs of kidney cancer patients in Tehran.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population was all people with kidney cancer who were members of the Tehran Kidney Cancer Society in 2022-2023, and 30 people were selected in a targeted way and randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. The health promotion package based on spiritual prosperity was implemented in the experimental group. Catlin and Epstein's (1992) Basic Beliefs Questionnaire was used to collect information. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software and variance analysis or repeated measurement.

The results indicate that the mean scores of the patients' basic beliefs between the experimental and control groups have a significant difference (P<0.001) and the spiritual health promotion package based on prosperity increases the patients' basic beliefs in patients with kidney cancer in a stable manner (P<0.001).

According to the results, the spiritual health promotion package can be effective in improving the basic beliefs of kidney cancer patients.

Human flourishing can be a new goal of health care that nurses can apply to people with cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the health promotion package based on flourishing on perceived stress and self-care of kidney cancer patients.

The research method was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up plan with a control group. The statistical population was all people with kidney cancer who were members of the Tehran Kidney Cancer Society in 2001-2001, and 30 people were selected in a targeted way and randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. The health promotion package based on prosperity was implemented on the experimental group. Perceived stress (Cohen, 1983) and self-care (Han et al., 2014) questionnaires were used to collect information. The data were checked with SPSS 22 software and using variance analysis or repeated measurement.

The results indicate that between the average scores of positive stresses (ᶯ2=0.56), negative stress (ᶯ2=0.28), diet (ᶯ2=0.18), drug regimen (ᶯ2=0.22) A significant difference was observed between the experimental and control groups. However, no significant difference was observed between the average food label and disease management between the experimental group and the control group. The health promotion package based on flourishing has reduced the perceived stress in kidney cancer patients in a stable manner and has increased the diet and drug regimen in a stable manner.

The health promotion package based on flourishing on perceived stress and self-care behaviors such as diet and medication compliance are beneficial for kidney cancer patients.

Background &

Gender identity is a fundamental factor in human life, which accompanies him from the beginning to the end of his life, and represents a person's stable emotional and cognitive experience of his gender and objective manifestations of a specific gender. In Iran, the number of people suffering from sexual boredom is estimated to be approximately 150 thousand people. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fourth Edition, gender identity disorder is diagnosed based on the fact that a person continuously and intensely assumes the opposite gender identity for himself; An identity that does not belong to another gender simply because of the desire to benefit from cultural privileges. Restlessness, dissatisfaction, confusion, or gender boredom is a situation in which a person experiences a lot of confusion and anxiety due to the inconsistency between the gender assigned to him at birth and his gender identity. Therefore, dissatisfaction with one's gender makes the family and society always expect them to accept the roles appropriate to their biological sex and blame them for having movements and behaviors similar to the opposite sex. They put pressure and this causes these people to withdraw and reduce their self-esteem. Most of the people suffering from sexual boredom have a lot of interpersonal conflicts and they form one of the most victimized minorities, and they are not being accepted by their family and society and their isolation has consequences such as suicidal thoughts in them. Therefore, one of the most important problems of these people can be suicidal ideation. Emotion regulation is related to constructs such as self-compassion. Self-compassion is the extent of kindness and compassion towards oneself or deep awareness and empathy towards the suffering of others. Also, research background has shown that dissatisfaction with gender identity affects self-concept and identity in patients with gender boredom. This means dissatisfaction with their gender identity can make people with gender dysphoria show less self-compassion towards themselves. On the other hand, the special conditions in which these people are located increase the risk of creating problems related to mental health for them, and in the meantime, the perceived social support protects them. Since there is little research on the predictive role of emotion regulation, self-compassion, and perceived social support on suicidal ideation of people suffering from sexual boredom, to solve this research gap, the question of whether ideation has been answered. Can suicide processing be predicted based on emotion regulation, self-compassion, and perceived social support in people suffering from sexual boredom?

The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the research was all the people suffering from sexual boredom in Tehran in 2019-1400, approximately 150,000 people. The sample size of 300 of these people were selected based on Klein's (2016) point of view and the available non-random sampling method (online method) and according to Beck et al.'s suicidal ideation scale (1979), Gross's emotion regulation questionnaire and John (2003), Neff's (2003) self-kindness or self-compassion scale, and Zimmet et al.'s (1988) Multidimensional Social Support Scale answered. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis.

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between emotion regulation, self-compassion, and perceived social support with suicidal ideation (P<0.01). The results of multiple regression analysis also revealed that 54.8% of the variance of suicidal ideation is explained by emotion regulation, self-compassion, and perceived social support.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the prediction of suicidal ideation based on emotion regulation, self-compassion, and perceived social support in people suffering from sexual boredom. The results showed that cognitive reappraisal and emotional suppression (as emotion regulation strategies) can predict suicidal ideation. Emotional suppression can make a person weak against suicidal thoughts and prone to suicide. In this way, when a person evaluates a negative event in his mind with negative strategies such as emotional suppression, he looks at this event with a more negative view and considers its possible short and long-term positive aspects less. As a result, he experiences more depression and despair, so he is more prone to suicidal ideation. People suffering from sexual boredom in Iran are under more pressure from society due to religious, social, and cultural restrictions and they experience high psychological and social pressure that these cases make them prone to suicide. Therefore, sexually bored people who tend to experience their negative emotions uncontrollably from society, the possibility of using the strategy of emotional suppression increases in them, and most of them lack the necessary skills to manage and regulate negative emotional experiences They are inconsistent and have more suicidal thoughts. Therefore, it is reasonable to say that emotion regulation strategies can predict suicidal ideation. To make the results more generalizable, it is suggested that students and researchers repeat such studies in other cities to provide evidence of the obtained relationships. It is suggested that the model of the present study, i.e. suicide ideation based on the regulation of emotions and compassion in people suffering from gender boredom, should be investigated and compared by gender, i.e. in men and women. The use of longitudinal studies and other research methods (a combination of qualitative and quantitative) can be more beneficial for this study. In this way, it is suggested to use a qualitative study (studies of lived experience and descriptive phenomenology) to examine the factors affecting suicidal ideation in people suffering from gender boredom. The achievements and consequences of this research can be presented at two theoretical and practical levels. At the theoretical level, the research findings can help to expand the existing knowledge, concepts, and models in the field of suicidal ideation, especially in people suffering from gender boredom, by explaining how the variables of emotion regulation and self-compassion influence. Also, the results of the present research can pave the way for more recent research to expand emotional and psychological knowledge in the field of factors influencing the formation of suicidal ideation in these people.

It is important to identify the causes of risky behaviors in adolescents, which may occur for different reasons. The research aimed to predict risky behaviors in adolescents based on anxiety sensitivity and interpersonal trust with the mediation of self-acceptance.Research The present study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study included all adolescents aged 14 to 18 years in Tehran in the academic year of 2017-2018, from which 500 people were selected by convenience sampling from schools. The study tools included the Risky Behaviors Questionnaire by Mohammadkhani; Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire by Chamberlain & Haaga, Anxiety Sensitivity Index by Reiss et al., and Mental Toughness Questionnaire by Clough et al. (2002). For data analysis, structural equation modeling was used. The path coefficient between anxiety sensitivity and risky behaviors with the mediation of conditional acceptance (β=.074) and the path coefficient between anxiety sensitivity and risky behaviors with the mediation of unconditional acceptance (β=.087) was positive and significant. The path coefficient between interpersonal trust and risky behaviors with the mediation of conditional acceptance (β=-.034) and the path coefficient between interpersonal trust and risky behaviors with the mediation of unconditional acceptance (β=-.054) was negative and significant. The results of the present study showed that self-acceptance mediates the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and interpersonal trust with risky behaviors in adolescents. It is suggested to reduce the occurrence of risky behaviors by giving value to adolescents and creating reliable links for them. It is also suggested to pay attention to the level of anxiety sensitivity of adolescents with high-risk behavior in counseling and psychotherapy.

The aim of this research was to provide a structural model of the quality of life of the elderly based on general health and demographic characteristics with the mediating role of social support. This research was a structural equation model correlation with practical goals. The statistical population in this study included 60 to 75-year-olds living in urban houses in Tehran, of which 314 people were selected as a research sample. The data collection tool was the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), the Iranian version of the Phillips Social Support Questionnaire (1986) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (1989). The statistical technique used was the method of structural equation model of complete latent variable type, and data analysis was done using Spss software version 26, Amos software version 24 and R software version 4.3.1. Examining the fit indices of the model showed that overall, the model has a very good condition in terms of explanation and fit. The obtained results showed that the variables of social support, general health, number of children and number of years of marriage have a significant positive effect on social support in old age. It is also necessary to mention the effect of variables of general health, social status, gender, number of children and number of years of marriage on the quality of life in old age indirectly with the mediating role of social support. According to the findings of this research, it can be said that the mediating role of social support can be particularly important in examining the changes in the quality of life of the elderly, and it is suggested that in care centers for the elderly as well as other counseling and guidance centers, the importance of social support Emphasis and education should be placed.

 Nurses should be able to make accurate and appropriate clinical judgments about the health status of patients by combining their technical skills and professional knowledge. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and critical thinking style in clinical decision-making with the mediation of self-efficacy beliefs and self-confidence in the nursing staff of Rasht hospitals.

 This descriptive-correlational study was conducted using the structural equation model with the participation of 364 nurses of Intensive care units in Rasht hospitals. The sampling method was random cluster sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires including nurses' clinical decision making, emotional intelligence, self-efficacy in clinical practice, critical thinking style, and self-confidence. The structural equation modeling method used for data analysis by AMOS-22 software.

 Findings were the total path coefficient (sum of direct and indirect path coefficients) between emotional intelligence and clinical decision-making pattern (P<0.001, β=0.442), between critical thinking style and clinical decision-making pattern (P<0.001, β=0.335), between self-efficacy beliefs and clinical decision-making pattern (P<0.001, β=0.325), between self-confidence and clinical decision-making pattern (P<0.001, β=0.243) and the indirect effect between emotional intelligence (P<0.001, β=0.154), and critical thinking style (P<0.001, β=0.188) on the pattern of positive clinical decision-making and It was meaningful. Emotional intelligence, critical thinking, self-efficacy beliefs and self-confidence explain a total of 59% of the variance of the decision-making pattern in nurses.

 The study showed that self-efficacy beliefs and self-confidence mediated the relationship between emotional intelligence and critical thinking style with clinical decision-making among Rasht hospitals' nursing staff. Self-efficacy beliefs and self-confidence increased the relationship between emotional intelligence and critical thinking style with clinical decision-making.

The aim of this study was to provide a structural model for predicting mental disorders based on time perspective mediated by feelings of psychological cohesion and cognitive flexibility.

The method of the present study was descriptive and the correlational research design was structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study consisted of all undergraduate students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran who were studying in the academic year 2020-21, from them 387 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Lovibond and Lovibond (1995) Questionnaire ٫Time perspective Zimbardo & Boyed (1999) Questionnaire٫ the Feelings of Mental Cohesion Flensburg (2006) Questionnaire, and the Dennis and Vanderwall Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire (2010). Research data were analyzed using SEM structural equations using Amos software.

 The results showed٫ among all components of time perspective٫ past negative٫ present fatalistic and feelings of psychological cohesion with positive mental disorders٫ and components future٫ present hedonistic and past positive of time perspective and cognitive flexibility with negative mental disorders٫ is significant (P<0.01). Also feeling of psychological cohesion and cognitive flexibility significantly mediates the effect of time perspective on mental disorder (P<0.01). Time perspective٫ sense of psychological cohesion, and cognitive flexibility account for a total of 65% of the variance in psychological distress.

It can be concluded that the structural model of predicting mental disturbance based on time perspective with the mediation of psychological coherence and cognitive flexibility of male and female students is appropriate.

Sexual addiction is a psychiatric disorder with unpleasant personal, interpersonal, legal, social, and physical outcomes. Sexual addiction is mainly rooted in unpleasant experiences within family and during childhood. The purpose of this study was to investigate comparison of self-concept and childhood traumas of people with sexual addiction disorder with healthy people.

This study was a causal-comparative investigation and using purposive sampling method, was carried out on 50 people with sexual addiction disorder and 50 healthy people in the control group matching with age and academic. The study made use of the sexual addiction screening test-revised (SAST-R) of Carnes and et al, self-concept questionnaire (SCQ) of Rogers and short form of the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ-SF) of Bernstein and et al. In this study, Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used for data analysis.

The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there is a difference between self-concept and childhood traumas of people with sexual addiction disorder with healthy people; in this way, the people with sexual addiction disorder have lower scores in negative self-concept and childhood traumas than the healthy people.

These results have important implications of the role of unpleasant experiences in the family on the sexual behaviors of people in the later years of life. So that those who have negative self-concept and more childhood trauma are more to sexual addiction disorder.

Psychological distress in the description of individual psychopathology refers to a set of symptoms of depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and maladaptive psychological functioning at the level of stressful life events. Anxiety, stress, and depression are some of the biggest problems in human life today, and having countless negative consequences can disrupt the ordinary course of life from various personal, social, occupational, family, economic, and other dimensions. Current studies show that early painful experiences make a person susceptible to various psychological damages in adulthood, including anxiety, stress, and depression. Trauma is an event or experience that is emotionally disturbing and destructive and interferes with a person's ability to cope. In the meantime, the issue that comes to mind is that alexithymia can play a mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma and psychological distress. Alexithymia refers to the inability to self-regulate emotions and process cognitive information, emotional information, and emotion regulation. Based on this and considering the high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among people and its role in reducing performance and the need to investigate the dimensions and factors involved in this problem, this study aimed to determine the mediating role of alexithymia in the relationship between psychological distress and childhood trauma in students.

The research method was descriptive correlational, in which the relationship between research variables is analyzed through path analysis. This model used psychological distress as independent variables, alexithymia as mediated variables, and childhood trauma as dependent variables. The statistical population included all students between the ages of 20 and 40 in Tehran, Iran, in the academic year 2019. The sample of this study included 305 students in Tehran who were voluntarily selected. The criteria for entering the research were: being a 20 and 40- years-old student in Tehran, signing informed consent to participate in the research, and having knowledge about the research goals. Besides, the criteria for exclusion were: having a history of psychiatric disorder, physical illness, and disability affecting a person's life. In order to observe the ethical principles of the research, all subjects received information about the research. Participants were assured that all information would remain confidential and only be used for research purposes. For privacy reasons, the subjects' details were not recorded. In the end, all of them received informed consent. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (1988), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (1995), and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (1994) were used to measure the research variables. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistical methods (mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage) and the Pearson correlation using SPSS software version 24. To evaluate the fit of the structural equation model (In the method of structural equations, multivariate normality is one of the essential assumptions that must be considered. In this study, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the assumption of normality) several indicators include: Goodness of Fit Index (GFI), Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis (TLI), Bentler–Bonett normed fit index (NFI (were used by AMOS-26 software. In this study, a significance level of less than 0.01 was considered.

The average age of the participant group was 32.19 (standard deviation=10.82). Fifty-four participants were 25 years old and younger. Approximately 48.2% of the participants (147 people) were in the age range of 26 to 35, and 23.6% were in the age range of 36 to 45 years (72 people). First, the normality of data distribution was checked and confirmed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical test (P<0.05). The results showed the correlation coefficient between childhood trauma with depression (0.51), anxiety (0.49) and stress (0.36), alexithymia with depression (0.47), anxiety (0.49) and stress (0.49), and the correlation coefficient between childhood trauma and alexithymia (0.29) is significant at the 0.01 level. According to the evaluation indicators of model Fit, especially the ratio of the Chi-square value to the degree of freedom equal to 1.87, GFI index equal to 0.92, AGFI index equal to 0.92, CFI index equal to 0.99, TLI index equal to with 0.86, IFI index equal to 0.93, NFI index equal to 0.94 and RMSEA index equal to 0.005, it can be said that the model has a good fit. The coefficient of the direct path of childhood trauma to anxiety (P≥0.001, β=0.38) and alexithymia to anxiety (P≥0.001, β=0.38) is significant at a level less than 0.001. The coefficient of the direct path of childhood trauma to depression (P≥0.001, β=0.41) and alexithymia to depression (P≥0.001, β=0.36) is significant at the level of 0.001. The coefficient of the direct path of childhood trauma to stress (P≥0.001, β=0.24) and alexithymia to stress (P≥0.001, β=0.41) is significant at the level of 0.001. Childhood trauma and alexithymia explain a total of 29% of the variance of the anxiety variable. Childhood trauma and alexithymia explain a total of 29% of the variance of the depression variable, childhood trauma, and alexithymia together explain 25% of the variance of the stress variable.

In general, the results of the present study showed that trauma experience could predict anxiety, depression, and stress in students through the mediation of alexithymia. Indeed, the results of the present study show that the experience of trauma, and emotional distress increases the prevalence of anxiety, stress, and depression in the studied students. In the end, two categories of theoretical and practical consequences can be mentioned in the current research. At the level of theoretical implications, the findings of this research can lead to the development of knowledge in the field of factors affecting the creation and continuation of anxiety, stress, and depression disorders. At the level of practical consequences, it is recommended to investigate alexithymia and trauma experience in people with anxiety, stress and depression disorders, because these psychological variables make the treatment and recovery process difficult for these people. Among   the research limitations, this study can mention the use of only the questionnaire, the limited population, and the cross-sectional statistical sample of the research. Therefore, using other assessment methods such as interviews and observations along with questionnaires, the expansion of the statistical population and sample, and longitudinal studies can more appropriately explain the reasons for psychological distress.
Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines
In order to comply with the ethical principles of the research, all subjects received information about the research. They were assured that all information would remain confidential and only be used for research purposes. In order to respect privacy, the details of the subjects were not recorded. In the end, informed consent was obtained from all of them. Notably, this research has the code of ethics IR.IAUBA.REC.1397.046 from the Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch, Iran.
Authors’ contributions
Mahsa Mahmoudi & Haydeh Saberi: Defined the concepts in choosing the subject and designing the study. Haydeh Saberi: Performed a search of the research literature and background. Mahsa Mahmoudi: Collected and analyzed data. Simin Bashardoust. Writing and drafting: All authors discussed the results and participated in preparing and editing the article’s final version.
Funding
This research did not receive any specific grant from the public, commercial, or non- profit funding agencies. This research was extracted from the PhD Thesis of the first author, in the Department of Psychology, faculty of psychology, Rudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Acknowledgments
In the end, the authors are grateful to all participants in the research and all those who have facilitated the implementation of the research.
Conflict of Interest
The author declared no conflict of interest.

Covid's anxiety is a threat to students' mental health and it is important to identify the psychological factors that affect it .The aim of the present study was to investigate the structural relationships of Covid-19 anxiety disorder based on cognitive flexibility with the mediating role of perceived social support in students.

In this descriptive-correlational study, based on Kameri and Lee rule, 322 students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran Markaz were selected online through cluster random sampling. Coronavirus Anxiety Inventory, Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire and Perceived Social Support Questionnaire were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling by SPSS27 and AMOS24 statistical software.

The general model of the research was consistent with the experimental data (RMSEA=0.056). There was a negative and significant relationship between cognitive flexibility (p=0.001, β= -0.262) and social support (p=0.001, -0.516) with Covid-19 anxiety. Using the bootstrap method, the mediating role of social support between cognitive flexibility and covid-19 disease anxiety was confirmed (p=0.008, -0.338).

Given the inverse relationship between the level of anxiety caused by the Covid-19 epidemic and cognitive flexibility and confirmation of the mediating role of social support in students, it seems necessary to improve psychological flexibility and supportive measures by the family and others during coronavirus epidemic.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the structural model of Covid 19 disease anxiety based on perceived stress with the mediating role of perceived social support in students. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all students of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Central Branch in the academic year 1399-400. The sample size was 322 people who were selected by cluster random sampling. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CDAS, Alipour et al., 1398), Perceived stress (PSS, Cohen et al., 1983), and Perceived social support (MSPSS, Zimet et al., 1998) were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling with the help of SPSS 27 and AMOS 24 statistical software. The results showed that the general model of the research fits with the experimental data. In addition, there is a positive and significant relationship between perceived stress and anxiety in Covid 19 disease (p = 0.001, β = 0.60). And there is a negative and significant relationship between perceived stress and perceived social support (p = 0.001, β = -0.72). But the mediating role of social support between perceived stress and disease anxiety was not confirmed (p <0.05). The results of this study showed that reducing perceived stress and having perceived social support play an effective role in reducing coronary heart disease anxiety.

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between dark triad of personality and cold empathy mediated by cognitive-emotional theory in individuals with symptoms of borderline personality disorder. The present study is an applied study with a descriptive-survey nature. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all students with symptoms of borderline personality disorder in the Islamic Azad University of Tabriz in 2019-2020. Based on the available sampling method, 115 people were selected for the final analysis by obtaining a cut-off score in the Borderline Personality Disorder Questionnaire. In order to collect data, Borderline Personality Questionnaire, Quadruple Dark Personality Questionnaire , Bahr Empathy Scale , Slip Detection Test and Adult Form of Revised Eye Test were used. The results showed that there is no significant relationship between dark personality traits and cold empathy; however, there is a significant relationship between dark personality traits and emotional and cognitive mind theory and dark personality traits have an indirect effect on cold empathy through mediation of emotional and cognitive mind theory. Based on the findings, it is inferred that the ability of mind theory can be used to influence the empathy of people with dark personality traits.

The aim of this study was to provide a structural model for predicting mental disorders based on intolerance of uncertainty mediated by feelings of psychological cohesion and cognitive flexibility.

The method of the present study was descriptive and the correlational research design was structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study consisted of all undergraduate students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran who were studying in the academic year 1399-1400, from which 387 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Lovind and Lavind (1995) Questionnaire, the Freeston et al. (1994) Uncertainty Intolerance Questionnaire (1994), the Flensburg (2006) Feelings of Mental Cohesion Questionnaire, and the Dennis and Vanderwall Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire (2010). شد. Research data were analyzed using SEM structural equations using Amos software. Significance level in this study was considered 0.05.

The results showed that the indirect path coefficient between intolerance of uncertainty and psychological turmoil is significant through the feeling of psychological cohesion and positive cognitive flexibility. Based on this, it was concluded that the feeling of psychological cohesion and cognitive flexibility positively and significantly mediates the effect of uncertainty intolerance on mental disorder. This suggests that intolerance of uncertainty, a sense of psychological cohesion, and cognitive flexibility account for a total of 63% of the variance in psychological distress.

Decisions that the nurses taking during clinical care are affecting their effectiveness in clinical performance and can affect the patient's life and his medical experience. The present study aimed to provide a clinical decision-making model based on emotional intelligence with the assumption of self-efficacy and self-confidence beliefs in the Nursing staff of Rasht Hospital. The method of this descriptive-correlational study was relying on structural equation model. The statistical population of this study was nurses in the intensive care units of Rasht hospitals, which were selected by randomized cluster sampling method, and 364 people were selected by clinical decision-making questionnaire Laureria and Salalara (2002), Bradury and Erotic Elementary Questionnaire (2005), Self-efficacy Questionnaire in Clinical Performance and Partners (2009) and Sensor-Self-confidence and 1993) confidence questionnaire. Data analysis using structural equation modeling method showed that emotional intelligence affects the clinical decision making model of nurses (P <0.01, β = 0.57); Self-efficacy beliefs affect the clinical decision making model of nurses (P <0.01), β-300) and self-esteem on the clinical decision-making model of nurses (P <0.01, β = 241). Also, self-efficacy beliefs (p <0.01, β = 186) and self-confidence (P <0.01), β-108 = 2006 mediate the effect of emotional intelligence on clinical decision making model of nurses. It is suggested that in the formulation of curriculum, self-efficacy and self-confidence beliefs are considered as the facilitating facilitating agents and the clinical performance of nursing students.

The prevalence of grief disorder syndrome has been one of the consequences of the outbreak of Covid-19 virus. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy and mindfulness based cognitive therapy on grief syndrome in women with Covid-19 grief disorder. The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up with a control group. From 25 to 45 years old women with grief disorder (caused by Covid-19) in Tehran in 2020-2021, 45 people were selected by voluntary sampling and randomly assigned to three groups (15 people in each group). The research instruments included Hogan grief reaction checklist (2001). One group received emotion-based therapy (10 sessions of one and a half hours) and one group received mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (9 sessions of one and a half hours). The control group was placed on a waiting list and did not receive any intervention during the study. To analyze the data, repeated measures analysis of variance was used using the assumptions. The results showed that both interventions were significantly more effective in all six components of grief syndrome compared to the control group and emotion-focused therapy was significantly more effective than cognitive therapy based on mindfulness syndrome (other than personal growth) (p<0/05). The results showed more efficiency of emotion-focused therapy compared to cognitive therapy based on Covid-19 grief syndrome in women.

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the pattern of death anxiety based on emotional empathy mediated by spirituality in middle-aged individuals. Statistical population was all male and female referring to health home in the age range of 45-65 years. The sample size was Klein method and 464 individuals were selected by multistage random sampling. And completed the Templar Death Anxiety Questionnaire (1970), Batson's Emotional Empathy Questionnaire (1983), and Spirituality (2009). Direct and indirect effects of variables were obtained by using path analysis using AMOS program. There was also a negative correlation between spirituality and death anxiety, at the 0.01 level (β = -0.482, p <0.01). The indirect path coefficient was also significant between emotional empathy and negative death anxiety at the level of 0.01 (β = -0.263, p <0.01). And 29% of the variance of death anxiety was explained by the variables in the model and it was concluded that spirituality affects emotional empathy and death anxiety and mediates negatively and significantly. Therefore, the anxiety of death must be viewed as an interactive and all-encompassing consideration.

The purpose of this study was to modeling structural modeling structural prediction of online games addiction based on HEXACO personality and parent-child relationships with role mediator impulsivity. The descriptive- correlation method was used. The statistical population consists of all statistical population of the present study was female students of high school in Tehran city in year academic 1399-1400 to 125110 people. In this study, according to convenience sampling method (online method), 400 female students by formula Kline (2016) were selected as samples and they were asked to online game addiction inventory (OGAI) of Whang and Chang (2002), 24-item brief HEXACO inventory (24-BHI) of De Vries (2013), parent-child relationship inventory (PCRI) of Fine and et al (1983) and Barratt impulsivity scale (BIS) of Patton and et al (1995). Then the proposed model was analyzed through structural equation modeling using SPSS and AMOS-24 software. The results showed that direct paths HEXACO personality (neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience and agreeableness), mother-child relationships and impulsivity on online games addiction were significant. Also, direct paths conscientiousness and father-child relationships on online games addiction were not significant. The indirect HEXACO personality and parent-child relationships with online games addiction through mediating role impulsivity were significant. The structural model of research was fit and satisfactory with research data and is an important step in identifying the factors that are effective in online games addiction in students.

One of the basic human needs that plays a vital role in sustainable development is mental health. In the digital age, Internet addiction is a threat to mental health. So this study aimed at validating the treatment entry questionnaire for Tehran University students in 2019.

Participants were 324 undergraduate and postgraduate students of state universities in Tehran, who were selected through one-step cluster random sampling. All participants completed the Urbanoski and Wild’s (2012) Treatment Entry Questionnaire, the Miler and Tonigan (1996) Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale, and the Young Internet Addiction Questionnaire.

Data were analyzed using the confirmatory factor analysis model. Confirmatory factor analysis of the data showed that the three-factor structure of the identified, intrinsic, and extrinsic treatment motivation has a good fit, and the validity of the scale was confirmed by face and content validity. Convergent validity evidence confirmed the positive relationship between identified, intrinsic, and extrinsic treatment motivation with subscales of recognition, taking the step, and ambivalence of the Readiness for Change and Treatment Motivation scale. Cronbach's alpha test was used to assess the reliability of the whole scale (0.95) and each subscale of identified motivation (0.94), intrinsic motivation (0.89), and extrinsic motivation (0.86).

The results showed that the Persian version of the treatment entry scale for the student population has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used as a valid tool in psychological research.

Sexual addiction is a mental disorder with unpleasant personal, interpersonal, legal, social and physical consequences. Sexual addiction is mainly rooted in unpleasant experiences in the family and in childhood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the lived experience of self-concept and childhood traumas of people with sexual addiction disorder.

In the qualitative part of this study, 10 patients with sex addiction in Tehran city were selected in 2022 by purposive sampling method. In the present study, the revised sex addiction screening test by Carnes et al. (2010) was used for screening. In the qualitative part, the method proposed by Van Manen (2016) was used for data analysis.

The results in the qualitative part were categorized into 4 main themes "denial", "punishment for more resilience", "despair against hope" and "negative self-concept" and 9 sub-themes.

These results have important implications of the role of unpleasant experiences in the family on the sexual behavior of people in the later years of life. So that those who have negative self-concept and more childhood trauma are more prone to sexual addiction disorder.

One of the fundamental problems that adolescents face is the occurrence of high-risk behaviors. These behaviors are destructive and maladaptive that have adverse physical, psychological, and social consequences for the individual. Self-acceptance is a direct behavioral strategy such as effective problem-oriented coping that affects adolescents' adjustment and thus may have a direct effect on adolescents' high-risk behaviors. Conditional self-worth is one of the factors that causes anxiety and stress, while unconditional self-acceptance provides individual adjustment. Anxiety sensitivity explains the predisposition of people to fear and catastrophic interpretations of anxiety symptoms and causes the persistence of anxiety disorders, as one of the etiological factors involved in anxiety disorders. This study aimed to present a structural model of risky behaviors in adolescents based on anxiety sensitivity mediated by self-acceptance.

The present study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study included all adolescents aged 14 to 18 years living in Tehran City, Iran in the academic year of 2017-2018. Of whom, 500 people were selected by convenience sampling from schools. Out of these students, 496 were eligible for analysis. The inclusion criteria were volunteer participation, adolescents in primary and secondary high school, aged 14 to 18 years, and no history of receiving psychological treatment. The exclusion criteria were incomplete answers to the questionnaires and lack of consent to continue cooperating in the research. The study tools included the Risky Behaviors Questionnaire (Mohammadkhani, 2007), Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001), and the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (Reiss et al., 1986). The Pearson correlation test and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data with SPSS and AMOS software. The significance level of the tests was considered 0.05.

In the present study, the results showed that the total path coefficient between anxiety sensitivity and risky behaviors was positive and significant (p=0.001, β=0.27). The path coefficient between conditional self-acceptance and risky behaviors was positive and significant (p=0.001, β=0.32). The path coefficient between unconditional self-acceptance and risky behaviors was negative and significant (p=0.001, β= -0.28). The indirect path coefficient between anxiety sensitivity and risky behaviors mediated by conditional and unconditional self-acceptance was positive and significant (p=0.001, β= 0.150). Also, the hypothesized model had fitness with the collected data (χ2=164.15, CFI=0.954, GFI=0.951, AGFI=0.919, and RMSEA=0.071).

Based on the findings of this study, anxiety sensitivity significantly predicts high-risk behaviors in adolescents with the mediation of conditional and unconditional self-acceptance.

The aim of the present study was to provide a model for prediction of addiction to social Media based on tendency toward narcissistic personality and the need to communicate with mediation the approval of students. The descriptive research method and a sample of correlation schemes. The statistical population included all male and female high school students living in Tehran, and 300 students were selected applying multi-stage cluster method. Research tools include: We employed the questionnaire of the tendency and extent of application of Momeni and Taghi Lou social Media (2016), Narcissist Personality Questionnaire,40-item version (NPI-40) (1988), Relationship Scale of primary needs:DC& Ryan (2011), the Confirmation Scale of the Questionnaire Ineffective Attitudes Ebrahimi et al. (2008).

The research data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics indicators including mean, standard deviation, correlation and path analysis.

The conclusion was that the hypothetical research model was well-adapted using structural equation modeling (SEM), and the main research hypothesis was confirmed.

In the military workplace, burnout has been considered by researchers but its relationship with the resilient mind and personal values has been neglected. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the structural equation modeling approach in explaining the relationship between resilient mind and personal values with burnout.

The method of this research was descriptive and one of the examples of correlation schemes. In this study, 400 people (382 men and 18 women) from the military working in the army air force headquarters participated as a research sample. Participants were asked to complete the Maslach Burnout Questionnaire (1991), the Maslach Burnout Questionnaire (1991), the Klaf Mental Strength Questionnaire (MTQ-48), and Sherry and Verma Personal Values (PVQ). The obtained data were analyzed by structural equation method.

The results showed that the fit indices of the research model were in good condition (GFI <0.9) and resilient mind plays a mediating role in the relationship between personal values and burnout.

The results show that personal values, with the mediation of a resilient mind, predict the rate of burnout.

Improving emotion regulation can be helpful in coping with Covid-19 grief disorder. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy of emotion regulation in women with Covid-19 grief disorder.

The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up. From 25 to 45 years old women with grief disorder (caused by Covid-19) in Tehran in 2020-2021, 45 people were selected by voluntary sampling and randomly assigned to three groups (15 people in each group). The research tool included a scale of difficulty in emotion regulation (Gertz and Roemer, 2004). One group received emotion-based therapy (10 sessions of one and a half hours) and one group received mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (9 sessions of one and a half hours). The control group was placed on a waiting list and did not receive any intervention during the study.

The results showed that both interventions had a significant effect on emotion regulation components compared to the control group (P<0.01). The results also showed that emotion-focused therapy significantly reduced the mean components of emotion rejection, difficulty in impulse control, lack of emotional awareness and limited access to emotion regulation strategies compared to mindfulness-based cognitive therapy.

The results indicate the competitive effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy compared to mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on emotion regulation.

The present study aims to explore the effect of stress management training in mothers on risky behaviors among girls.

The research was practical and the method was a quasi-experimental including pre-test, posttest, experimental and control groups. The participants were 380 female students from a high school in Andishe, Shahriar in academic year 1398-1399 and 30 students were selected through average homogenization and split into two experimental and control groups. The students were asked to respond a pre-test which was a scale of risk-taking among Iranian adolescents designed by Mohamadi Ahmad Abadi and Heidari and they were supposed to answer again as the posttest after 10 sessions of stress management training. To analyze data, variance analysis was applied with a frequent measurement.

The findings indicates that the interactive effect of group × time on violence (F= 6/83, P= 0/001, h2= 0/336) is 0/01, for variables of sexual relationship and behavior (F= 3/45, P= 0/046, h2= 0/203) and relationship with opposite sex (F= 3/48, P= 0/045, h2= 0/205) was significantly 0/05.

Therefore, the family-centered stress management can enable us to prevent the risky behaviors in girls and increase the level of awareness in families.