سیمین تعاونی

Although delivery is a natural and physiological process, it creates a great deal of anxiety in mothers. This study aimed to assess the effect of viewing scenes of nature and nature scenes along with nature sounds on the anxiety during the active phase in primiparous women. In this clinical trial, 90 primiparous women in active phase of labor were selected through convenience sampling and participated in the study after obtaining written consents. They were randomly assigned to three groups of viewing scenes of nature, viewing nature scenes along with nature sounds and control. The intervention was conducted by broadcasting a 45-minute film of native scenes through television. The anxiety of the participants was evaluated by the six-item Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory at the time of admission and every 45 minutes after the intervention.
Homogeneity of the groups in terms of all characteristics and factors which may affect anxiety was evaluated by ANOVA, ANCOVA, Fisher Exact Test and Chi –square and the three groups were similar in this regard. The anxiety score after the intervention was 14.81 ± 1.17, 14/53±1/19, and 14.47 ± 1.61 in the nature scenes group, nature scenes + nature sounds group, and control group, respectively. There was no significant difference between the three groups in the anxiety scores. Findings showed that viewing scenes of nature and nature scenes along with nature sounds had no effect on the anxiety in the first stage of labor and did not reduce it. It is suggested to study about other complementary methods to reduce mothers’ anxiety during labor.

Pain is a common problemamong patients after hysterectomy and patient health status and recovery process is severely affected. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of foot massage on pain of patients after hysterectomy.
This study is a clinical trial with two groups. Sixty patients with hysterectomy were eligible to enter the study by random sampling from two hospitals including Shariati and Valiasr hospitals in Tehran in 2012 (30 interventions, 30 controls)and they were randomly assigned to two groups by drawing a color card. The intervention group received foot massage for 20 minutes once a day during the two consecutive days after surgery. The control group received routine care without intervention. Before and after 30 minutes of intervention or routine care, the pain was measured by visual analogue pain scale (VAS). Data were analyzed by independent t-test, chi-square and Fisher exact test.
It was seen that the mean difference of scores before and after the two sessions of massage in the intervention group was 2.56 and in the control group was 1.01. The result of the comparison of the two groups showed significant difference (P Foot massage can be useful as an effective nursing intervention in controlling pain after hysterectomy.

Hysterectomy is stressful in women operation, due to increased release the level of catecholamines some physiological reactions including increase in breathing, heart rate and blood pressure are clinically observed. Massage therapy helps to improve the nervous and cardiovascular system and modifies physiological responses. This study was done to determine the effect of foot massage on the vital signs of patients after hysterectomy.
In this clinical trial study 60 women underway hysterectomy were randomly divided into intervention (n=28) and control (n=29) groups. Subjects in intervention group were received a 20 minute foot massage according to the mentioned method in two sessions first and second day after surgery, with 24-hours interval. Before and 30 minutes after intervention , vital sign including systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse, breathing were recorded for each subject.
In the intervention group, all of the signs of vital signs before and after massage in the first and second days after the operation showed a significant decrease (P Foot massage improves systolic blood pressure and breathing at the first day after hysterectomy, which may indicate an increase in parasympathetic activity.

One of the Stressful events in women lives is Delivery; and the management of the labor pain is an important goal of the prenatal care. A non-drug method for a pleasant delivery is the use of safe liquids and exercise. The aim of this study was the effect of pelvic special movements by birth ball and honey syrup consumption on the labor in nulliparous women.
In this clinical trial 70 pregnant women admitted to Lolagar hospital participated. After completing the consent form, the samples were divided randomly into two groups of intervention and control. After the beginning of the contractions, the intervention group started to do pelvic tilt movements with birth ball and drank honey syrup at the same time. The control group received routine care hospitals. The instrument used was a visual analog pain which was measured every 30 minutes. Data using statistical software spss and k2 test, Independent T-test and descriptive statistics were analyzed.
In the intervention group, the intensity of pain was decreasing every 30 minutes during the first 90th minute of the intervention. The results of ANOVA test showed that pain intensity variations were significantly different in two groups.
The results showed that using complementary methods such as exercise and liquid consumption during childbirth can be effective in reducing pain in nulliparous women. So, it is essential for health providers to be familiar with these methods.

Hysterectomy is one of the most common surgical procedure among reproductive-age women . This common surgical causes stress and anxiety in women. Anxiety as a natural response consistent preoperative period can influence the physiological responses. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effect of foot massage on physiologic parameters to hysterectomy was performed.
This study is a clinical trial, two-group (intervention and control) is a sample of 60 patients from two valiasr and Shariati Hospital in Tehran (30 intervention and 30 control) were selected randomly. In the intervention group massage one times for 20 minutes at certain hours the day before surgery was performed on the feet and control group received nothing. the intervention and the control groups in both before and 30 minutes after intervention recording vital signs. Data of this study using the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test using the software spss 16 Were analyzed.
The findings of this study compared two groups of physiological parameters the pulse, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure showed no significant change . Just breathing in the two groups showed significant change( p = 0,00)
The findings suggest that massage therapy on patient's physiological parameters of a pulse, systolic and diastolic blood pressure no affected. And only have an effect on the respiratory and reduces it gets

Lack of orgasm during intercourse and loss of libido in menopause is very common and can reduce women's quality of life. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of Aphrodite on orgasm and sexual desire in postmenopausal women.
Methods & Materials: The study design was a randomized clinical trial with a control group. Participants were comprised of 80 postmenopausal women 50-60 years old. The instruments consisted of the demographic characteristics form and the Sabbatsbergsexual function scale that a part of itevaluates orgasm and sexual desire. Descriptive statistics, paired t-test and independent t-test were used to analyze data through SPSS software v.16.
The mean score of orgasm before intervention in the Aphrodite group was 30.25±20.6 and in the placebo group was 29±21.9. One month after intervention, this score increased to 41.12±10.08 in the Aphrodite groupand was 29.12±29.66 in the placebo group, that the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.02). As well, for the sexual desire score, there was a significant difference between the two groups of Aphrodite and control after intervention (P=0.008).
The use of Aphrodite can improve sexual desire and orgasm in menopausal women. So, it is essential that healthcare providers be familiar with this herbal supplement.

Women entering menopause are faced with a storm of different signs and symptoms. Some of these symptoms can be annoying and affect their quality of life. Women have different ways to deal with these problems including herbal supplements. This study aimed to determine the effect of Lemon Balm on the symptoms of menopause.
This study is a randomized, triple-blind clinical trial on 60 postmenopausal women between 45 to 60 years old. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaire, Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), and interventions record checklist. After completing informed consents, samples were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group used Lemon Balm capsules and the control group placebo, twice a day for eight weeks. They were evaluated 1 and 2 months later. Data was analyzed using independent t tests and ANOVA with repeated measures.
Results showed that the average score of menopausal symptoms in Lemon Balm consumer group one months after intervention was 12/26 ± 2/37, and in placebo group was 16/561±3/07 that the difference was statistically significant(p=0.02). Also, Two months later, the mean score menopausal symptoms in lemon balm group was 12/23 ± 2/6 and in placebo group was 16/16±3/04 that was statistically significant (p=0.04).
It seems that the use of Lemon balm herb has decreased physical, psychological and urogenital symptoms in postmenopausal women.

Somatic and psychological altrations during menopause have negative impact on quality of life. This study was done to evaluate the effect of Aphrodit on somatic symptoms in postmenopausal women. In this clinical trial study 63 menopausal women were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Subjects in interventional group were received Aphrodit capsule (40 mg of Tribulus terrestris fruits, 12.27 mg ginger, 33 mg saffron and 11 mg of cinnamon) for four weeks. Somatic symptoms of menopause (including hot flashes, night sweats and tachycardia) and sleep disorder and muscluskeletal disorder were evaluated using Menopause Rating Scale. After intervention, the mean of hot flash score in interventional and control groups was 1.29±0.1 and 3.1±0.6 (P<0.05).The mean of sleep disorder score in interventional group and controls was 1.82±0.2 and 2.82±3.1 (P<0.05). The mean of muscluskeletal disorder score in interventional group and controls was 1.03±0.1 and 2.81±1.2 (P<0.05).There was no diference in the heart problem score between interventional and control groups. Consumption of Aphrodit capsule reduces hot flash, sleep disorder and muscluskeletal disorder in postmenopausal women.

Stress as one of the prevalent diseases of the century، is the body non-responsive status to any request that can reduce the forces and affect activities and efforts. Nursing and midwifery students are experiencing multiple stressors during their study. They stress not only from theoretical training environments، that also from hospital stressors. According to negative effects of stress over academic performance of nursing students، stress management could be taught via different methods including traditional and active teaching methods. In traditional teaching، the teacher througout a one-way relationship with students is transferring knowledge and students act as knowledge recievers. In traditional teaching، the teacher is responsible for the education topic، transferring information، assessment of students’ learning status، and strengthening students’ favorable behaviors. The active learning includes methods in which students play more roles than just listening and participate in information process and practice. The aim of current study was to investigate the effect of traditional teaching compared to the active teaching of stress management on academic performance in nursing students. The study population consisted of all 3rd-semester nursing undergraduate level students from Alborz Medical University. Participant including 50 students were randomly assigned to two 25-individual groups. The first group received traditional teaching (pamphlet، explaining، lecturing) and for the second group active teaching methods (brain storming، group discussion، ask questions، role play، role-play replacement…) were performed for 8 hours. All students completed the DASS 42 questionnaire. Independent t-test results indicated significant difference between students’ level of stress before and after traditional and active teaching of stress management. Knowing that both traditional and active teachings could reduce students’ stress، though active teaching was more effective. Moreover، active teaching compared to traditional method led to a better students’ academic performance. The results of this study showed that compared to the traditional method the active learning reduced the students’ anxiety and depression. Teaching stress management especially via an active learning is a suitable approach to improve students’ academic performance and to decrease the negative effects of anxiety، stress، and depression.

Having trained and experienced personnel is an essential in an emergency ward. Nowadays, nursing knowledge is constantly developing and four year undergraduate nursing course cannot meet these growing needs, therefore, it is necessary that nurses receive professional education according the ward they are working in. The first step in any curriculum planning is to assess educational needs. The purpose of this study is to determine the emergency nurses’ educational needs in educational hospitals of Tehran, Iran and Shahid Beheshti universities of medical sciences.

This need assessment study was conducted using Delphi technique. Study population included faculty members of three schools of nursing and midwifery of 3 medical universities, educational supervisors, head nurses, and emergency ward managers. 40 volunteer experts were selected through purposeful sampling, and participated in three Delphi rounds.

109 educational needs in four domains of care, education and counseling, research, and management had been determined during three Delphi rounds. The highest educational needs were related to care domain (78 items). Other needs were in domains of education (10 items), research (11 items), and management (10 items).

Applying the results of needs assessment performed locally and considering basic needs of our country in future planning for training professionals, can lead to the training of nurses who will be successful in long term and this will be associated with health, economic, cultural and social benefits.

One of the most common problems in Menopausal women is reduce of sexual satisfaction, which can affect their quality of life. The aim of the present study was the effect of Afrodit on sexual satisfaction in postmenopausal women. In the triple blind clinical trial with the placebo group participated 80 healthy females 60-50 years that were referred to health centers affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups, Afrodit groups and placebo capsules for a month. Used tool in this study was Sabatsbrg. Part of which was to assess sexual satisfaction. After a month intervention, there is significant difference in the mean score for sexual satisfaction between two groups (p=0.01), Sexual satisfaction compared with pre-menopausal in two groups were compared. T-test results showed no significant difference. (p=0.16). The results show Afrodit improves the sexual satisfaction in menopausal women. So it is essential that health providers are familiar with this herb supplement.

nowadays، many menopausal women seek complementary and alternative drugs to relieve intensity of menopause symptoms. Most researchers are interested in studying medicinal plants containing isoflavones such as Red Clover with estrogen like properties. This study was conducted to determine the effect of red clover on the severity of physical menopause symptoms. This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 72 menopausal women aged 50-59 in 2012. The participants of intervention group daily received two capsules containing 40 mg red clover for two months while the control ones received two capsules containing 40 mg starch in the same way. The data of baseline and the one of after two months were collected by demographic questionnaire and physical dimension of Menopausal Rating Scale and analyzed by SPSS version 14، using Man-Whitney and Student-t test. Based on the mean and SD of physical menopause symptoms، the severity of flushing، nocturnal sweating and heart discomfort was reduced significantly compared to control group. Furthermore، all physical menopause symptoms were remarkably diminished (P<0. 05). in accordance with the results، the capsule of red clover can be helpful in mitigating the severity of physical menopausal symptoms.

Sexual aspect is one of the most important domains of matrimony satisfaction. Sexual satisfaction has an important role in psychological health of women. Hormonal changes that occur in menopausal period can result in decrease of sexual satisfaction. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on sexual function in menopausal women. In this Triple-blind placebo-controlled trial، 80 healthy female volunteers aged 60 – 50 years، attending 3 health-care centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)، were enrolled. The participants received GBE at a dose of 120–240 mg (n = 40) or placebo (n = 40) daily for 30 days. The instrument of this study was the Sabbatsberg Sexual Rating Scale (SSRS) which the part of it subjectively evaluate sexual satisfaction before and after intervention. The results were analyzed by using، Fisher exact test، independent samples test and Mann-Whitney Test which these had done by SPSS software، version of 16. After intervention، the sexual satisfaction had no significant difference between the two groups of Ginkgo biloba and placebo (P = 0. 31). Also there was no significant difference in the sexual satisfaction compared to the results obtained in the previous years (0. 96) In this study using Ginkgo biloba for a month had no effect on sexual satisfaction of menopausal women. With regarded to many factors can be affected sexual function of menopausal women، no efficacy of Ginkgo biloba on sexual satisfaction can be result of no efficacy of it on factors such as psychological factors.

Women may find physical and mental change during premenstrual، which may have causing restrictions in daily living، and job responsibilities and reduced quality of life. One of the physical changes during this period is edema. Prevention of edema، which is the first step، is important for reducing premenstrual syndrome. Many women are interested to use complementary and alternative medicines for relief from their premenstrual symptoms; therefore purpose of this study was to identify the effect oral Royal jelly on edema symptom of premenstrual. This triple blind randomized controlled trial study was carried out on 110 cases، who had premenstrual syndrome and live in dorms of Tehran University of Medical Sciences and were randomly divided to two groups of intervention and control. Questioner had two main parts of personal characteristics and premenstrual profile 2005، which during intervention had been used the general part of edema that include overly breast swelling، bloating، edema and weight gain in the category of edema and self checked daily for two months. Intervention of Royal jelly and Placebo had been continued for two menstrual cycles. Equality of two groups according to personal characteristics and edema symptom before intervention were checked and there were no significant difference. After intervention there were significant difference of edema scores between Royal Jelly and Placebo group at the end of first menstruation cycle (p<0. 01) and second menstruation cycle too (p<0. 01). This study showed that Royal jelly was effective in reducing edema symptom. Therefore Healthcare team can to perform it in Medical centers. Evaluating the effect of Royal jelly on other symptoms of premenstrual syndrome is recommended.

Sexual relations during menopause as well as reproductive period have particular importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of herbal supplement of Ginkgo biloba on the attitudes of menopausal women toward sexual relations. In this clinical trial 80 healthy female volunteers aged 60 – 50 years were enrolled. They were attending 3 health-care centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). The participants received GBE at a dose of 120–240 mg (n = 40) or placebo (n = 40) daily for 30 days. The instrument of the study was Sabbatsberg Sexual Rating Scale (SSRS) which part of it can subjectively evaluate the importance of sex before and after intervention. The results were analyzed by using Fisher exact test، Independent samples- t test، and Mann-Whitney Test. Most of the subjects were in the 50 – 52 years group (45. 2 %). Menopause age was ≥ 50 (41. 9%). After intervention، the importance of sex during the previous month had significant difference between the two groups of Ginkgo biloba and placebo (p = 0. 01). There was also a significant difference in the importance of sex compared to the results obtained in the previous years (p = 0. 01). Ginkgo biloba have the effect on different aspects of sexual functions of postmenopausal women، and it can improve their sexual relations. Therefore menopause women can experience sexual pleasure just like the past، and they can understand the importance of maintaining sexual relations in menopause period.

Hysterectomy is a common gynecologic surgery leading to great concerns in women. This study aimed to determine the effect of foot massage on anxiety level after hysterectomy. Methods & Materials: In this double-group randomized clinical trial، 60 women undergone hysterectomy were selected using convenience sampling method and were randomly allocated into two intervention or control groups. Patients in the intervention group received foot massage three sessions during three consecutive days (every session lasted 20 minutes). In the control group، the researcher was only beside the women for 20 minutes. The Spilberger anxiety questionnaire was used to measure the anxiety level. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and independent t-test. The mean of the anxiety score was not significantly different between the two groups before the intervention (P=0. 21). After the intervention، there was significant difference between the two groups in the anxiety scores (P<0. 001). There was also significant difference between the two groups in the anxiety scores one week after the surgery (P<0. 001). Foot massage can reduce anxiety in patients who underwent hysterectomy.

One of the most common problems in menopausal women is sleep disturbance and different ways are used to solve these problems. The aim of this study was to investigate effect Lemon Balm on sleep disturbance among menopause women.

In this study a randomized controlled trial design was employed. Participants consisted of 100 women with menopause aged 50-60، who suffered from insomnia. After obtaining inform consent from the subjects completed demographic and Petersburg sleep quality index Questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics (T-Test، pair T-Test) were used to analyze the data.

Most of the women were in the 50-52 year group (62%)، menopause age was 45-49 (58%)، and number of children was 3-4 and age difference with their spouse was1-4 year (42%). Most of them were illiterate and at medium economic class. Also، the results of the initial PSQI showed a frequency of sleep disturbance of 70%. The results show 20 percent of the participants in the intervention group and 8 percent in the placebo group showed an improvement in the quality of sleep.

The results show the effect of lemon balm herbal supplement on sleep disorders in postmenopausal women. Therefore، we recommend that medical staff should consider this problem and dealing with it in herbal supplements offer.

striae gravidarum is a form of scarring of the skin during pregnancy and there are always some challenges to its prevention and treatment. This study was conducted todetermine the effects of Teak cream on the severity of striae gravidarum. This clinical trial was conducted on 100 primigravidas who were referred to health centers of Tehran.. The participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (consuming Teak cream) or control group (using placebo). A Canon Camera was used to photograph the presence of Striae gravidarum in both groups during 37-40 weeks of pregnancy. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test. Striae had emerged among 64%of those using Teakcream and 60% of those in the control group but the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). This study demonstrated that the use of Teak cream in pregnancy is not effective in reducing the occurrence of striae gravidarum.

Insomnia has major negative effects on quality of life in postmenopausal women and can reduce their physical، psychological and social function. About 64. 8 percent of women prefer to use herbal supplements for sleep problems. The present study aimed to evaluate the satisfaction of taking Valerian on the improvement of sleep quality and sleep score in postmenopausal women during six month. In this clinical trial، satisfaction of taking Valerian and sleep score of 100 postmenopausal eligible women who were referred to health care centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were evaluated. Research tools had three part of personal caharctristictic، Pittsburg sleep Quality Scale، and for satisfaction Visual Analogue Scale (VAS 0-10). Data gathering were in tree phase; immediately after intervention، one and six month after valerian withdrawal. The difference between intervention and control group in satisfaction and sleep scores was significant only immediately after taking Valerian (p=0. 001) and there was no statistically significant difference within valerian or placebo group in one and six month later. Also there was statistically significant difference in three times of evaluation and satisfaction and improvement in sleep score were reduced within the time. Valerian can improve the sleep quality in postmenopausal women in intervention duration and after withdrawal there is no difference between placebo and valerian group so continued use of this supplement is necessary for improving of sleep quality.

Vasomotor symptoms are the most common disorders in menopause، which is followed by heart discomfort especially palpitation. Recently، Interest of menopausal women has increased in alternative herbal medicines for alleviation these symptoms. Aim of this study was to investigate the effect of red clover on intensity of vasomotor symptoms and heart discomfort of healthy menopausal women between 50-59. This tripled blinded clinical trial was carried out on 72 healthy menopausal women who were reffered to Abuzar screening clinic in Tehran and they randomly were devided into two groups (A and B). The intervention group took 2 capsules daily containing 40 mg dried leaves of red clover for 30 days. The control group took two capsules containing 40 mg starch in the same way. The outcomes measured in this study were vasomotor symptoms and heart discomfort which obtained through Menopause Rating Scale. There was no statistical difference in demographic characteristics، vasomotor symptoms and heart discomfort، between two groups before intervention and two groups were equal. The intensity of vasomotor symptoms decreased from 55. 5% to 34. 72% in the intervention group and from 62. 5% to 55. 77% in the control group (P= 0. 003). Also the intensity of heart discomfort declined after one month intervention (P= 0. 01). In the study، red clover compared with placebo significantly reduced the intensity of vasomotor symptoms and heart discomfort and it should be considered، there was no side effect in this study. So application of this supplement not only is suggested to alleviate the intensity of these symptoms، yet further studies to evaluate the effect of red clover on menopausal symptoms are recommended.

Many women in menopause have changed that part of these changes cause by decreased blood flow which is secondary to decreased estrogen. These changes may result in decreased their sexual activity. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on sexual activity in 50 – 60 years menopausal women. In this Randomized placebo-controlled trial 80 healthy female volunteers aged 60 – 50 years، attending three health-care centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)، were enrolled. The participants provided written informed consent and then received GBE at a dose of 120–240 mg (n = 40) or placebo (n = 40) daily for 30 days. The instrument of this study was the Sabbatsberg Sexual Rating Scale (SSRS) which the part of it evaluate sexual activity before and after intervention. Finally، the results were analyzed by using Fisher exact test، Independent samples- t test and Mann-Whitney Test. 27 menopausal women (45. 2 %) were in the 50 – 52 year group. Menopause age in the 29 women (45/9) was 50 years or more. After intervention، sexual activity had no significant difference between the two groups of Ginkgo biloba and placebo. Despite the effectiveness of the herbal supplement Ginkgo biloba in sexual desire in women، the results showed no effect on their sexual activity. With regard to the efficacy of many herbal supplements may appear after prolonged use، it is recommended that the next studies assess the effect of prolonged use of this plant.

Striae gravidarum appears in many pregnant women and it creates aesthetic concerns among them. This study was done with the aim of determination of the effects of olive oil and Saj cream on the occurrence of striae gravidarum in the second trimester of pregnancy.

This study was a randomized trial. The study sample included 105 nulliparous women in their second trimester of pregnancy. All the women were in their 18th -20th week of pregnancy and refered to health centers of Tehran. Two intervention groups applied Saj cream (n=30) or olive oil (n=30) and control group (n=30) did not apply any creams. Data was collected by interview and observation and analyzed using SPSS-PC) v.13).

Striae manifested among 40% of those taking olive oil, 16.7% of those using Saj cream and 56% of those in the control group. There was a significant difference between the two intervention groups and the control group (P<.006).

The findings of this study indicated that application of Saj cream during the beginning of pregnancy to the end of the second trimester had been effective in reduction of striae gravidarum. Studies investigating the effect of other herbal oils on prevention of striae are recommended.

Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) as a phytoestrogen facilitates blood flow, influences nitric oxide systems, and has a relaxant effect on smooth muscle tissues. These processes are important to the sexual response in menopausal women. The aim of this study was to compare the sexual function of menopausal women before and after using Ginkgo biloba capsules. In this clinical trial without controlled group, 40 healthy volunteers aged 50 – 60 years of age, attending three health-care centers of TUMS enrolled in the study in 2010. The subjects received GBE at a dose of 120–240 daily for 30 days. Sexual function was measured using the Sabbatsberg Sexual Rating Scale (SSRS). Of the 40 subjects who enrolled in this study, 31 women followed and completed the study protocol. The data were analyzed using statistical tests such as Fisher's exact test and paired t test. After 1 month of intervention, significant differences were found between the mean scores for sexual desire (p= 0.000), sexual activity (p=0.01), sexual satisfaction (p=0.01), sexual pleasure (p = 0.001), and orgasm (p=0.01) during the previous month. There was also a significant difference in sexual pleasure (P=0.001), orgasm (P=0.03), and the importance of sex compared to the results obtained in the previous years (p=0.007). In this study, we found that GBE had a positive effect on several aspects of sexual function; thus, these findings support the positive effect of GBE on the sexual function of menopausal women.

women have gone through many changes both physically and mentally during menopause، which may have negative impact on their quality of life. Therefore finding methods to manage this period of life is important. Many women are interested to use complementary and alternative medicines for relief from their menopausal complications. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect Massage therapy on somatic symptoms.

This randomized controlled trial study was carried out on 60 menopausal women who attended to menopausal clinic. They were randomly divided in 2 groups as intervention groups and control. Each subject in the massage group received two sessions massage training and six massage therapy sessions، twice a week with plane oil، and no treatment was provided to subjects in the control group. The outcome measures in this study were somatic symptoms، as obtained through the Menopause Rating Scale.

There was no significant difference in somatic symptoms before intervention between groups. A statistically significant difference was found between the participants’ pre-application and post-application in hot flush، sleep problem and muscle problem scores in intervention groups (p<0. 05)، whereas the heart problem score did not differed significantly.

This study showed that massage therapy were effective in reducing some somatic symptoms. Therefore midwives can learn it and teach it to menopausal women in order to manage the menopausal symptoms. Evaluating the effect of massage therapy on other symptoms of menopause is recommended.

Sleep disurbance is considered to be one of the most common problems in menopausal women. Herbal supplements are being used as herbal supplemental medication to solve the problem. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Sedamin capsule on sleep disorder among menopausal women.

This randomized controlled trial study was done on 100 Menopausal women aged 50-60 with sleep disorder. Women randomly divided into intervention and contol groups. Subjects intervention group were received Sedamin capsule (530 mg Valerian root) twice a day for 30 days. Women in control group were received capsule (50 mg of carbohydrate) twice a day for 30 days. Demographic data form and Pittsburg sleep quality index was instrumented for the evaluation of disorder. Data analyzed with using independent T and ANOVA tests.

Mean score of sleep disorder peior and after intervention was 9.8±3.6 and 6.02±2.6 (P<0.05) in interventional group and 11.14±4 and 9.4±3.9 in controls, respectively. Also, 40% of the participants in the intervention group and 12% in the control group showed an improvement in the quality of sleep (P<0.05).

This study showed that consumption of Sedamin capsule improves the quality of sleep in menopausal women with sleep disorder.