فهرست مطالب عصمت مهرابی

In the case of abnormal Pap smear, colposcopy is recommended. Women referred for colposcopy experience high levels of stress. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of supportive counseling on stress reduction in women undergoing colposcopy.

This quasi-experimental study was performed on 72 women undergoing colposcopy in Ardabil, Iran. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups. The intervention group received supportive counseling during three sessions ‎every three days. The control group only received a pamphlet containing information on colposcopy. The data were collected using perceived stress scale. Independent t-test, and ANCOVA were used to analyze the data.

There was no significant difference in demographic and obstetrics characteristics of the participants (P> 0.05). Before counseling, the mean score (SD) of stress in the intervention group was 35 (4.24) and it was 33.54 (5.13) in the control group (P= 0.217). After counseling, the mean score of stress was not significantly different between the two groups [AMD: 0.93, 95% CI: -1.40 to 3.27, p =0.428].

Supportive counseling could not reduce the stress. Using other stress management strategies such as cognitive restructuring and mindfulness in women undergoing colposcopy might worth for suggeting the future studies.

During the COVID- 19 pandemic, the quality of prenatal care was affected considerably and online prenatal care emerged as a safe and effective method. This study aims to assess the quality of prenatal care during the pandemic in the south of Iran.

 This is a descriptive analytical study that was carried out in Bandar Abbas city in August 2021 for four months. Participants were 400 pregnant women referred to health centers who received prenatal care services by telephone or in person at least three times and had health records. Data collection tools were the quality of prenatal care questionnaire and a researcher-made prenatal care delivery checklist. 

The mean age of participants was 28.1±5.9 years. Less than 10% of them received full routine prenatal care. Weight measurement was the most frequent service provided to mothers (96.8%) while oral and dental health education (33.3%) was the least frequent service. Pregnant women had the highest and lowest prenatal care quality perception score in dimensions of information sharing (3.8±0.47) and approachability (2.0±0.69), respectively. Low level of education (β=0.83, 95% CI: 0.5-0.9, P= 0001) and history of infertility (β=-0.32, 95% CI: -0.29-0.64, P= 0.008) were the two variables predicting the perceived prenatal care quality.

The quality of prenatal care provided to pregnant mothers in southern Iran during the pandemic is not favorable. The use of community-based midwifery system, gaining mothers’ trust in online services and telephone follow-up, and improving online prenatal care infrastructure should among the priorities of decision makers in the health sector.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychology-based filial therapy on motivational self-regulation, academic engagement, and vivacity of female students. The population included all sixth grade female students in Khomein City during the academic year of 2017-2018. Thirty students were selected from among the students whose score was below the mean in all the questionnaires via purposive and convenient sampling. They were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups (15 subjects in each group). Mothers in the experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of positive psychology-based filial therapy treatment. To collect data, motivational self-regulation questionnaire, academic engagement questionnaire, and academic vivacity questionnaire were used. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. The results revealed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of the variables of academic engagement and academic vivacity, but there was no significant difference between them in motivational self-regulation. It was concluded that positive psychology-based filial therapy education could be used to increase students' academic engagement and academic vivacity.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. The characteristics of resistance to treatment and its rapid progress are the high mortality rate reasons. Patients who have been diagnosed with the disease are losing their self-awareness, which itself has a negative effect on the treatment process. However, it seems that such patients need to be considered on depressive disorders even after complete treatment of cancer. After receiving the bad news of cancer; patient, his/her family, be anxious. They initiate the patient's support until the end of the treatment period, without attention to such sudden support's adverse effects. The aim of the present study is to survey of cancer treatment and care's phenomenological and descriptive situations of the philosophy of medicine and psychology point of view. Post- disease disorder has a fundamental relationship with this fundamental situation.

Unwanted pregnancies and sexual health problems, and consequently illicit abortions and sexually transmitted diseases, may also occur among adolescents. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated various interventions that were used in studies to prevent unwanted pregnancy among adolescents through a systematic review.
An extensive literature search was conducted using the Google Scholar, Cochran Library, SID, Magiran, Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, e-learning databases on clinical trials conducted during 1990 and 2018. To evaluate the quality of the studies, the Cochran tools for RCT were used. Finally, 15 studies were selected for systematic review.
Overall, based on findings from the review of related articles, interventions to reduce unplanned pregnancies in adolescents were categorized as follows: (i) interventions focusing on contraceptive methods, (ii) interventions focusing on the impact of preventive training including health education, individual and group counseling and parent education, (iii) multiple interventions that included a combination of interventions focusing on promoting contraceptive methods and preventive training.
Evidence provided by this ystematic reiew supports the use of educational and preventive interventions focusing on multiple interventions to reduce adolescent pregnancies, but there is a need for a proper framework, infrastructure, and resources for the success of these interventions.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and in addition to the physical complications¡ caused multiple mental and emotional challenges for patients. Present study was performed through phenomenological qualitative approach in a sample of Iranian women to deep exploration and better understanding of coping ways that patients use when face with cancer¡ with a focus on methods based on religion and spirituality based.
Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 27 eligible patients. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using Van Manen thematic approach. Data collection and analysis were carried out simultaneously. In addition¡ Maxqda (Ver10) software was used for data management.
The mean age of participants was 50±8.77years¡ ranging from 32 to 68 years. About 22% of these patients had Lumpectomy (remove part of breast tissue) and others (78%)¡ mastectomy (remove of all breast)¡ respectively. By analyzing and extracting the primary codes from the interviews¡ the final codes were extracted and divided into 6 sub and 2 conceptual categories¡ and relation between the conceptual categories led to emerge of the study main theme “Transcendence-oriented effort to adjustment”.
Breast cancer patients in this study predominantly employed dynamic processes and coping strategies to deal with the reality of disease that had been formed from their religious and spiritual beliefs. Therefore¡ it is necessary to health care providers¡ while maintaining respect for patients and considering their spiritual and religious beliefs¡ make available religious counseling in order to providing spiritual health promotion for patients.

Fear, anxiety and pain of delivery have the important role in the passing way of the delivery process. Some clear-sighted people believ that threshold of pain differs among ethnic groups. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare primipara’s women perception of pain, fear and anxiety of vaginal delivery among Persian, Kurdish and Turkish women. In this descriptive-analytical study, 450 primipara’s women selected from general hospitals of Shiraz, Tabriz and Kermanshah city using multistep random-sampling method were assessed. Data collection was done using questionnaire and visual analogue scale of pain (VAS). Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistics (mann-withneyu, Kruskal-wallis) and SPSS.16 software. In this study statistically P<0.05 was significant. The mean of pain severity in primipara’s Persian, Kurdish and Turkish women were (8.24±1.21), (7.01 ±1.98) and (7.82 ±0.79) respectively. Kruskal-wallis test showed that severity of pain was significant amonge three groups. The mean of fear and anxiety in primipara’s Persian, Kurdish and Turkish women were (55.64±14.66), (42.11 ±8.81) and (40.11 ±14.56) respectively and was significantly different amonge three groups. Significant relationship was found between maternal education with childbirth pain perception among Turkish women (P<0.001).Significant relationship was found between maternal jobs with childbirth pain perception among three groups of women. perception of pain severity, fear and anxiety of vaginal delivery was significantly different amonge Persian, Kurdish and Turkish women. It seems that different issues such as cultural, social, mental, environmental and psychological factors affect woman’s perception of labor pain.

Background and Aloe vera has long been used as a medication of many diseases but the research approving its analgesic effects are not many. Since the effect of its ointment on episiotomy pain has been investigated, we intended to determine the effect of aloe vera ointment on the pain intensity of episiotomy among primiparous women. Methods and Materials: This blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 74 primiparous women, having the inclusion criteria, admitted to Lolagar hospital in Tehran, Iran; the participants were continuously assigned into two groups by random allocation: experimental (using the aloe vera ointment) and control (routine medication). The experimental group (37 women) consumed Aloe vera ointment 3cc / 60 mg every 8 hours; and the control group (37 women) consumed the hospital routine care (Povidone Iodine) for five days. Data collection instruments were a demographic questionnaire and VAS scale, for recording the pain intensity before application, 4 and 8 hours and 5 days after application in both groups. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 16 using independent t-test and chi-square. Mean pain score of the experimental and control groups before application of aloe vera ointment were 6.24±1.57 and 6.02±1.77 respectively, which reduced to 1.86±1.45 and 3.97±2.19 respectively five days after intervention; the difference between the two groups was significant (p<0.01); however, the pain score four hours after application was not significant. Aloe vera ointment can be used in episiotomy wound care to reduce the pain intensity and the need for pain killers.