علیرضا جلالی فراهانی

The purpose of this research is to identify and rank sustainable HRM indicators for developing a tool for assessing the sustainability of HRM in Iran's administrative system. Research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of collecting data, descriptive-survey. Statistical population includes experts and specialists in the field of organizational behavior management and HR with managerial background in governmental organizations located in Tehran or with a degree in management of 25 people who were selected through a judiciary (targeted) and snowball method. In the first step, by examining and evaluating the theoretical foundations, 31 factors were identified as indicators of sustainable HRM. Next step, questionnaire was used to collect experts' opinions for implementation in the Fuzzy Delphi technique, with 7indicators lower than the average and were eliminated for the priority determination stage. Subsequently, using a pairwise matrix and in the form of verbal phrases, a checklist questionnaire was developed to determine the weight of the skills and distributed among the experts. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using expert opinions. Then, based on the weights obtained by fuzzy AHP method, using the ARAS technique, prioritized the HRM indicators. Based on the results, 5indicators have been taken into account: employees' expectations, the move toward the development of teleworking business, Alignment of human resources policies, policies and infrastructure with the goals of strategic organization sustainability, Localization of HR Recruitment, and expanding the culture and development of environmentally friendly behaviors among employees. The order of the highest priority was achieved.

During the Covid-19 epidemic, the armed forces and medical personnel, took direct action against the disease and served the people. It is possible that these forces and their mental health were affected by the outbreak of this disease. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of COVID-19 among the armed forces and its impact on their mental health.

This study is a systematic review based on the MOOSE checklist. This study thoroughly reviewed related articles in valid databases from 2019 to 2021. In order to extract the required data, the titles, abstracts, results, and all texts of the articles have been reviewed. In order to evaluate the quality of the reviewed articles, the JBI checklist was used. Finally, 15 articles were reviewed based on the purpose of the study and keyword search.

According to the articles, COVID-19 has been highly prevalent among military personnel, while it was not prevalent among Navy personnel. Factors such as inadequate training and poor nutritional status have led to the spread of COVID-19 among armed forces personnel. Furthermore, the mental health of armed forces personnel has also been affected by the outbreak of COVID-19. Depression and anxiety have increased among this military personnel, especially physicians and military veterans. COVID-19 obsession has increased the fear, anxiety, stress, and depression of the armed forces. The duration of sleep and its quality, type of occupation, and age were among the factors that affected the mental health of military personnel during the COVID-19 epidemic.

The spread of COVID-19 among the armed forces can be prevented by taking appropriate initial control measures, training armed forces personnel, and paying attention to personnel's environment and nutrition status. To some extent by conducting psychometric tests of Armed Forces personnel, the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on personnel's mental health can be prevented.

Changes in human lifestyle are the most important factor in the occurrence of the third epidemiological transition and one of the indicators of this transition is the increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases and the resulting deaths. The purpose of this study was to determine the status of health-promoting behaviors of employees of one of the universities of medical sciences in Tehran.

In a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 387 university staff were surveyed. Demographic information form and Health Promoting Behaviors Questionnaire (HPLP-II) were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software ( version 16.0).

The mean (standard deviation) age of participants was 37.1 years (8.8 years), 253 (65.4%) were male and the majority of participants, 120 (31%) had a bachelor's degree. The body mass index of most participants was 194 (55.4%) in normal condition.Mean (standard deviation) score of health-promoting behaviors in total 52.05 (21.01) and under the scales of health responsibility 8.85 (3.77), physical activity 8.66 (3.64), nutrition / 85 8 (4.02), spiritual growth of 8.17 (4.07), interpersonal relationships were determined to be 8.55 (4.26) and stress management was determined to be 8.97 (3.52). The relationship between all subscales of health-promoting behaviors except the subgroup of health responsibility and nutrition with age groups was significant (p = 0.045). Regarding the participants' body mass index, only the relationship between stress management subgroup and body mass index was significant (p = 0.021).

The results of this study showed that in general, the average score of the most important elements of health-promoting lifestyle including nutrition, physical activity, health responsibility, stress management, interpersonal relationships and spiritual growth is higher than the median index, but in some subgroups, Measurement values are average. Since the promotion of these promotional behaviors leads to the improvement of a health-promoting lifestyle, educational interventions are recommended, especially in the dimensions of interpersonal relationships and spiritual growth.

With the onset of the emerging coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in late December 2019 in China and its rapid spread around the world, scientists began research to develop and produce an effective vaccine. COVID-19 is caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). One of the most important structural features of this coronavirus is the presence of spike protein on its surface. This spike protein has been considered by many scientists as a suitable target for the development of vaccines against COVID-19. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds directly to the ACE2 receptor on the surface of human alveolar epithelial cells (AECs), which facilitates virus entry and replication. By August 2021, more than 150 vaccines are developing in various stages of research and clinical trials to combat the pandemic. Most of these vaccines are based on attenuated infectious agent or mRNA, which can induce cellular and humoral immune systems to make antibodies to reduce the risk of death and severe complications when exposed to SARS-CoV-2. With the introduction of the first effective vaccine against COVID-19 by an American-German company called Pfizer–BioNTech on December, 2020, nine months after the first case of COVID-19, scientists were able to complete the multi-year process of producing a new vaccine in less than 10 months and the hopes for saving human beings and returning to normal life came alive. Other reputable companies around the world have since introduced the vaccine, including Moderna, Johnson & Johnson, Oxford/AstraZeneca, Sputnik V, Covaxin, Novavax, Sinovac, and Sinopharm. However, most of these vaccines have not received final approval from reputable organizations such as the FDA and WHO. Iran has also made efforts to develop and produce vaccines in this regard. With the introduction of these vaccines, by August 11, 2021, about 4.4 billion doses of vaccine have been injected worldwide, and global vaccination continues. Leading countries in vaccination include China, India, the United States, Brazil, and Japan, respectively. The major challenge facing existing vaccines is the variety of SARS-CoV-2 mutations that lead to the development of new strains that may be resistant to the vaccine. Therefore, scientific efforts to develop and upgrade vaccines continue.

Nursing is one of the most stressful jobs. Job stress leads to the over-formation of free radicals. Oxidative stress occurs when the balance between the production of free radicals and antioxidants is disturbed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of job stress on oxidative stress in nurses of selected hospitals in Sanandaj.

The present study is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional. According to the inclusion criteria, 46 nurses and 46 hospital staff entered the study. Demographic data were collected, job stress was assessed using the Osipow Job Stress Questionnaire, blood samples were prepared, and the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16.

There was a significant difference between the level of job stress in the group of nurses and administrative staff (P <0.05). Examination of oxidative stress parameters did not show a significant difference between the two groups for SOD enzymes (P=0.083) and MDA (P=0.578) and CAT (P=0.592). Also, stress had no effect on SOD, MDA and CAT levels by modulating group variables.

According to the research findings, job stress had no effect on oxidative stress measurement parameters. Also, the parameters of oxidative stress by modulating the stress variable did not show a significant difference between the two groups. These results may be due to the adaptation of people to stress and the same level of stress in the two groups. Further research is needed to confirm the hypotheses.

Cardiovascular diseases cause 17.9 million deaths annually and the aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for this disease in one of the universities of medical sciences in Tehran in 1397. 

 In a cross-sectional study, 617 employees of one of  the Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 1397 were surveyed. Data were collected through a questionnaire of demographic characteristics and lipoprofile values ​​of participants from the measurements made in the staff health monitoring plan. The collected data were entered into SPSS Version19.0 software. Atherogenic Index (ATI) with the formula log10 (TG / HDL-C) was calculated. Central and dispersion indices were used to describe the data and independent t-test, analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test were used for analysis.

485 (78.6%) of the participants were male and the rest were female. Mean (standard deviation) age of participants was 45.2 years (7.8 years), service history 19.7 years (9.6 years), fasting glucose (mg / dl) 100.8 (23.3), triglyceride (mg / dl) 4/163 (116.5), low density lipoprotein (bad cholesterol) (mg / dl) 2/117 (31.7), high density lipoprotein (good cholesterol) mg / dl) 2 / 43 (3/10), total cholesterol (mg / dl) 4/192 (1/34), body mass index (Kg / m2) 1/27 (3.7), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) participants 116.1 (12.4) and 74.4 (0.9) were determined, respectively. Difference between mean age (year), length of service (year), fasting glucose, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (bad cholesterol), high-density lipoprotein (good cholesterol), total cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and body mass index Were not statistically significant in both sexes (P = 0.052). One-way analysis of variance showed that the difference between the mean values ​​of total cholesterol (P = 0.000), low-density lipoprotein (P = 0.003) and high-density lipoprotein was statistically significant (P = 0.000) and It was not significant in other variables (P = 0.944). Tukey post hoc test showed that only the age group under 39 years were lower than total two cholesterol groups, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein (P = 0.000).

All variables measured in this study are strongly associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease and all of them can be used individually or in combination to predict the incidence of cardiovascular disease. The results show that the studied risk factors and especially atherogenic index are very suitable for screening populations.

This research has been conducted to design a model for Sustainable Human Resources Management (SHRM) aligned with sustainable good goverance in Iran’s administrative system.

This research is an applied one which was done using a mixed method. The intended strategy for this research method was a sequential-heuristic one. The qualitative part of the study was done through theme analysis method, and the quantitative part was conducted using descriptive-survey method. In this research, triangulation strategy was used for validation. The method of intrasubject agreement of two encoders (raters) was used to calculate the reliability. The reliability of the encoders for the articles in this study was 0.87.

The analysis of qualitative data resulted in the identification of 39 basic themes, 8 organizing themes and 3 global themes that were presented in the format of a model. Also, one-sample T-test was used to decide on elimination of the themes that are not well connected to the model. Since the mean of all indexes was above 3.66, it can be concluded that according to the experts’ view, all identified themes are related to SHRM model in Iranian administrative system and there is a consensus on their importance among all HRM and administrative managers.

The study showed that the current view in SHRM is not inclusive and value driven. Therefore the the desired model is presented based on the Upstream policies of Iranian Administrative System to achieve good goverance.

Data suggests that elderly people are more easily infected by COVID-19 and develop a more serious prognosis than other age groups. The current study compared the clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings between groups of elderly and non-elderly Iranian patients with COVID-19.

Data was collected on 598 patients that had been diagnosed and confirmed with COVID-19 in Baqiyatallah hospital, Tehran, Iran from February 26 to March 26, 2020. Patients were assigned to the elderly (≥65 years old) and the non-elderly (<65 years old) groups and clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, imaging manifestations, and outcomes were compared between two age groups.

Data from a total of 139 elderly patients (23.2%) with a mean age of 73.1±6.5 years (range: 65-94 years), and 459 non-elderly patients (76.8%) with a mean age of 49.1±10.2 years (range: 22-64 years) were evaluated. Comorbidities including; hypertension, liver disease, rheumatism, asthma, and allergy were more common in the elderly than in the non-elderly. Early symptoms in the elderly and non-elderly patients included cough and dyspnea, as well as fever, muscle weakness, and chills. The RBC and hemoglobin in the elderly were significantly lower than in the non-elderly patients. While other laboratory findings were not significant differences between the two groups. The number of neutrophils and the ESR, AST, LDH, and CRP levels were higher in all elderly and non-elderly patients. The incidence of multilobe lesions in CT scan and mechanical ventilation in elderly patients was significantly greater than in non-elderly patients with COVID-19. Elderly and non-elderly patients with COVID-19 received the same symptomatic comprehensive supportive therapies. Eleven (7.9%) deaths occurred in the elderly group and 30 (6.5%) occurred in the non-elderly group.

Elderly patients with COVID-19 are more likely to have a complicated clinical condition and worse in-hospital outcomes than the non-elderly. It’s suggesting that elderly patients should seek early screening and early diagnosis to reduce the mortality rates and worse prognosis associated with COVID-19.

With the onset of the financing crisis in the real sector of the economy and the intensification of shortcomings in the banking system of Iran in recent years, the issue of capital raising has been seriously considered by economic and banking experts to improve the health and stability of banks and their credit provision. What has been critical in this regard is the effects of capital raisings on the liquidity creation and credit provision of the banks. Therefore, using data of 29 banks during the period 2008 to 2017, and the econometric method of dynamic panel data, the relationship between the capital raising and the liquidity creation and credit providing has been studied. For this purpose, in two steps, first, the effect of capital raising in general on the liquidity creation and credit of banks, and in the next step, the impact of different methods of capital raising on these factors has been studied. The results of the estimations show that an increase in total capital will lead to a rise in liquidity creation in banks. In examining the effect of various methods of capital raising on liquidity creation, however, only the method of cash contribution and retained earnings can have a positive effect on liquidity creation, and other techniques show adverse effects. Also, based on the results of the proposed models, bankschr('39') capital raising has harmed their credit provision. It means that banks have allocated the resources from capital raisings to things other than providing loans to customers.

Healthcare networks in industrial areas are the main pillars of preventing and coping with chemical accidents and crises, which are of great importance in improving their level of resilience. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to apply a precise method for assessing and empowering these centers. The purpose of this study was to provide a resiliency pattern for these centers in accidents and chemical crises.

The present research is a combined study (quantitative - qualitative) study of the applied type. In the first phase, the indicators of resilience assessment were extracted from internal and international literature and confirmed by content validity. Then, in the next phase, the questionnaire was designed and computed based on the extracted indicators and was approved by the experts. Finally, by designing quantitative criteria for analyzing the results of healthcare networks assessment in disasters and crises, a model for assessment and empowerment of the health system in disasters and crises was presented.

Based on the literature review and the methodology, 12 indicators were extracted for assessing healthcare networks in chemical accidents and crises. Content validity (CVI = 0.85 and CVR = 1) of all indicators was confirmed, then using the questionnaire on the weight of each indicator was identified in the score of the total score (100 points). The quantification methods of the 12 indicators developed by the expert group were confirmed. Finally, an evaluation and capability model for these networks were developed.

According to the results, the pattern of healthcare networkschr('39') resilience in chemical disasters and crises was divided into three stages before, during and after the crisis in 12 indicators of chemical hazards, structure status, documentation analysis, capacity and facilities, training, exercises, human capital, management systems, crisis management, communications, accident analysis, and audit and monitoring with relevant sub-groups.

Experience is obtained as one of the most valuable human assets in different situations and conditions and helps organizations to achieve their strategic goals. The present study was conducted at the Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences with aim of designing and compiling a comprehensive empirical program in confronting the COVID-19 crisis.

This applied research was conducted in qualitative and quantitative methods. The statistical population included 24 university experts, managers and executive experts at Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences in April and May 2020. All of these individuals were involved in coping with Covid-19. By holding various meetings with the researchers, and obtaining the opinions of experts with the Delphi technique; the events of the crisis and their main axes in dealing with Covid-19 were counted.

Findings show 5 areas and 25 main axes of the event (crisis with domestic, regional, international sensitivity and major damage); 18 events in the field of command and leadership, 15 events in research, 9 events in training, 22 events in healthcare, 6 events in support in dealing with Covid-19. Healthcare is the most common (22) and spirituality is the lowest (2) frequency.

Due to the Covid-19 crisis, healthcare is the most important axis (22 events) and it is necessary to record experience and document for using in similar crises. This empiricism can be used as a basis for managerschr('39') planning to implement experience documentation in the organization.

Given the special and sensitive role of banks in the economic system of the country, any shock, disruption and inefficiency in the economic system has a direct impact on the activity of banks and financial institutions and phenomena such as high inflation or economic shocks and fluctuations such as sharp fluctuations in other markets, gold, and currency, will, directly and indirectly, affect the operating costs and cost of money, and ultimately the profitability of banks, In addition, due to the financial dependence of the manufacturing sectors on this important economic entity, any inefficiency or crisis in the banking system can lead to many problems in different sectors of the economy. This study has used Johansson-Joselius coefficient and vector error correction (VECM) and Q21397-Q11389 seasonal data to investigate the effect of some important financial performance indicators on Mellat Bank profitability. The results of this study show that variables of non-current facilities ratio to total facilities, debt-to-asset ratio and long-term deposit to total assets ratio and ROA have a negative relationship in the long run but between capital adequacy ratio, net operating income to total asset ratio and Facility on total deposits ratio and ROA There is a positive and significant relationship in the long run.

Since December 2019, a new coronavirus, called the 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), triggers pneumonia outbreak from Wuhan (Huanan seafood market) across China, which now poses major health threats to public health. The Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) epidemic by 2019-nCoV is spreading worldwide, and by March 1, 2020, 67 countries, including Iran, have been affected. According to worldwide statistics, the mortality rate is 3.4%. Early symptoms of COVID-19 include pneumonia, fever, myalgia and fatigue. To date, no successful vaccine or antiviral agents has been clinically approved for COVID-19. Therefore, prevention and control of infection is a top priority for the general public.Extensive research into the 2019-nCoV is needed to fully elucidate its pathway and pathogenic mechanisms, and to identify potential therapeutic targets, which can be effective in developing common preventive and therapeutic measures. In this narrative review, based on evidences published until March 1, 2020, the epidemic and etiologic features of the 2019-nCoV, its essential biological features, including its receptors and route of transmission, outline disease prevention and treatment approaches is provided.Given the origin of the Covid-19, it seems that the nutritional and health recommendations of Islam, especially Halal food and health observance, need to be addressed more throughout the world. Lack of inducing stress and anxiety among the people, besides advising and training people to abide by all the principles of health, is so important to fight against the disease. It is hoped that Covid-19 prevention, control and treatment will be achieved through vaccine and antiviral agents’ production as well as health care measures in the near future.