علیرضا فاضلی

The Holy Qur'an, the sacred book of Muslims, is recognized as the miracle of the Prophet of Islam (pbuh). Therefore, over the past 14 centuries, numerous scholars and thinkers have devoted themselves to studying the various aspects of the Qur'an's inimitability ('I'jᾱz). In recent decades, one prominent field in Qur'anic studies attracting Muslim scholars and Orientalists is innovative research in discovering new dimensions of the linguistic-semantic structure, particularly the order in the Qur'an. Surah Ᾱl-e 'Imrᾱn is the third Surah and one of the Medinan Surahs of the Qur'an, located in the third and fourth Juz' (sections) of the Qur'an. This study, using a descriptive and analytical approach, examines the structural order of Surah Ᾱl-e 'Imrᾱn. It begins by defining and introducing the concept of symmetric order theory, followed by a rhetorical analysis of Surah Ᾱl-e 'Imrᾱn. This Surah is divided into eleven sections, and its circular symmetric order is proven using a comprehensive pattern of sequence and internal connection among its sections. Proving the existence of a circular structured order in Surah Ᾱl-e 'Imrᾱn demonstrates the unparalleled depth and precision in the structure of the Qur'an.

The rainfall system of a major part of Iran is mediterranean, where the precipitation amount during the vegetation period is low. In addition, the occurrence of precipitation in the non-vegetation period or beginning of the vegetation period, which does not cover the surface of the earth well, is one of the important reasons for water erosion in Iran. Since vegetation has a special role in soil erosion control and runoff retention, any change in the vegetation structure and pattern, which expresses the landscape pattern and function, can have a significant effect on changing hydrological processes. Therefore, the assessment of soil and water loss and the quantification of its relationship with landscape metrics provide key information for the development of water and soil quality management strategies.

The current research was conducted to investigate the hydrological component changes with landscape metrics on 2 m2 plots using simulated rainfall at an intensity of 32 mm.h-1 in a part of rangelands of Ardabil County. At first, considering the type and percentage of vegetation as the main variable, eight groups of vegetation composition along with one group without vegetation (control) were considered with three replications. The composition (and percentage) of the vegetation from the first to the eighth groups, respectively, include low-height graminea predominance (45), the composition of dense bushes with graminea (43), bushes with low-height and medium-distribution (37), sparse bushes mostly with low and medium height (31), the composition of sparse bushes with graminea (56), dense bushes in upper parts (54), low-height bushes with very low distribution (15), and dense bushes with almost uniform distribution (56). After measuring the runoff and sediment at the plot outlets, different hydrological components were calculated. Then, plots with nine different vegetation combinations were imaged in three replicates before and after rainfall simulation. After transferring the images prepared from the plots to the Arc/Map10.8 environment, nine important landscape metrics were calculated.

Changes in the mean patch density (4.43-26.90), largest patch index (54.16-86.75), edge density (17.12-107.38), landscape shape index (1.50-4.47), mean shape area (4.16-37.46), mean Euclidean nearest neighbor distance (0.00-1.65), landscape division index (0.19-2.31), mean patch shape index (1.24-22.85), and the effective mesh size (15.80-43.96) indicate their different influence from different percentage and composition of vegetation cover. Spearman's correlation matrix analysis showed a nonsignificant relationship between the mean soil loss, runoff volume, runoff coefficient, and sediment concentration with landscape metrics (r<0.26 and p-value>0.10). The small scale of the studied plots, the lack of diversity in the vegetation composition, and the uniformity in terms of vegetation height can be cited as the reasons for the lack of correlation. In general, groups with vegetation values above 50% had a better condition in terms of LPI, AREA_MN, and MESH, which indicates more connectivity and less degradation. The increase in vegetation cover and spatial heterogeneity above the landscape surface can change the path of sediment transport, reduce sediment connectivity, and lead to a decrease in sedimentation.

The obtained results are applicable in explaining the appropriate reference to optimize water and soil protection measures on the watershed scale. However, It is suggested that similar and more comprehensive research be done in different scales of erosion plots and even in the landscape (slope) scale so that by considering a wide range of vegetation, topography, climatic conditions, as well as successive rains, it is possible to compare the results, optimum selection of study scale, and finally planning to manage and protect vegetation and water and soil resources.

In our current society, many people suffer from psychological pressure and struggle with them. One of these pressures is the pressure caused by the condition of the disease, at the same time, the influence of religious values and beliefs on people's mental health has been investigated in various researches. Today, psychologists and psychiatrists pay more attention to religious and belief issues in the treatment of their clients' mental problems through coping methods. Therefore, one cannot ignore the capacity of Islam and divine revelation. In this regard, this article tries to address the role of trust as one of the Islamic concepts in reducing the pressure caused by illness on the patient and ways to strengthen it.

The research method in this article is based on the nature of the matter and the subject of the research, the library and documentary method. which is based on religious and empirical sources.

While many experimental researches have acknowledged the direct relationship between mental health and trust, by referring to religious texts, we can find the function of trust in mental pressures and hardships, and even further, ways to strengthen trust in the Quran are examined. .

To the extent that people have the status of trust, they have more resilience in the pressures caused by illness and perceive less pressure, and this has been proven by experimental data, and religious sources, including the Holy Quran, are free from sadness and pressure. and guarantees divine help and love for them. Therefore, everything through the ways of strengthening trust, including compassion of the heart, true knowledge of God Almighty, remembering the blessings of God, worshiping and worshiping God, paying attention to the relationship between this world and the hereafter, stopping greed from others and studying the Qur'an, especially the Qur'anic stories in As they move forward in trust, they feel less pressure and achieve mental health.

The air transport fleet is considered one of the most important and strategic elements of the country's transport, which unfortunately has not been seriously considered by the government in recent years. Also, during the last decade, due to the cruel sanctions of the European and American countries, the supply and support of the country's air fleet has suffered a shortage and a crisis. This issue alone can testify to the importance of self-sufficiency in this strategic area, which should be included in the agenda of industrial development and air support of the country. In this research, the researcher tries to propose strategies by examining and analyzing the internal and external environment and factors affecting the development of this industry so that a road map can be provided for the development and improvement of these industries. This important thing should be realized through modeling and structuring of these strategies, which in this research has been planned by using the Dematel method and evaluated by a comprehensive review of the strategies from the perspective of effectiveness and influence on each other. It should be noted that the research method in this study is of qualitative type and it is done in the field of collecting and summarizing information. In the results section, the researcher has achieved to provide a strategic and comprehensive model in the field of supply and support of the country's air fleet, which can be a beacon for the strategic movement of these industries.

Simulations have been the focus of philosophers since the time of ancient Greece, and among the Islamic philosophers, Mulla Sadra has also addressed the issue of simulations and its relationship with the power of imagination. This faculty transforms the general perceptions of the intellectual faculty into minor matters and simulates forms under the influence of various factors. In this research, by examining the documents and in a descriptive-analytical way, the nature and explanation of the factors and fields affecting the power of imagination in Mulla Sadra's point of view have been discussed. The findings of the research are that simulations, under the influence of factors such as self-regulation; Weakness and strength of soul; temperament and nutrition; These factors are intertwined. The argument of the article is that nutrition has a special relationship with the body and because the body is united with the soul; Based on this general principle that "the ruling of one of the allies spreads to the other", then nutrition has a special relationship with the soul (has an effect). Breath is effective in the origin of temperament, so nutrition is effective in the origin of temperament. Nutrition is closely related to temperament, and temperament is also effective in the emergence, strengthening and weakening of emotional qualities. Therefore, d; Its temperament and moderation have an effect on the quality of the soul, and as a result, it has an effect on the strength and weakness of the emotions; Because simulations are the work of imagination.

In Master Motahhari’s view, contrast is inconsistency and conflict between two beings that are at the same time together; and this contrast is directly related to the material world. The writer, in the present article, is seeking to explain the reason and the mode of contrasts, conflicts, benefits, blessings, wisdoms, and positive effects of the material world from Master Motahhari’s view. It pursues this goal in a qualitative form through a descriptive-analytical method by studying his hermeneutic writings. On the one hand, Master Motahhari maintains that the main reason for contrasts and conflicts of the material world is its existential order and its ‘having matter’ as well as the essential nature of ‘potential and possibility for this matter’, which moves continuously towards actualization and new perfection. And on the other hand, he considers these contrasts as enjoying blessings, wisdoms and positive effects, including preparing the ground for emergence of human’s free will, possibility of knowing things better, unveiling goodness and beauties and making them meaningful, perfecting the souls of divine saints, and hiding felicity inside troubles. Thus, conflicts in the world are seen, in the superficial look, as evil; and in a deeper look, they are otherworldly, good and desirable.

The air fleet is considered as one of the most strategic transportation systems of any country. The high level and technological complexity, quality and strict prerequisite standards have made this system known as the most advanced transportation system in the world. In our country, the support of the air fleet has faced serious problems due to the intensification of oppressive sanctions by the West and the United States in recent years, which can be revived only by designing smart solutions to be self-sufficient in meeting this need. Appeared. Developing operational and efficient policies and strategies in this area can improve the current and unstable situation of the country's air fleet and revive this strategic area of transportation. In this article, the researcher, while examining the strategic position of this fleet through matrices of internal and external factors, using the matrix approach of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to provide effective strategies in providing and supporting it, and is trying. To be able to identify the limitations in this industrial field and eliminate them by providing effective strategies.

In al-Suhrawardi's philosophy, there is a fundamental turn in the attitude towards the secondary intelligible. Mulla Sadra examines Suhrawardi's views on intelligibles, especially philosophical secondary intelligible, and takes them into a new system, and so far there is a popular opinion about these intelligibles. In the commentaries of philosophical books, Motahhari has made this discussion explained completely and expressed implications, and he has used this topic in his critiques of Marxism. In this article, while comparing the views of Master Motahhari and al-Suhrawardi, we intend to establish a dialogue between these two thinkers and specially to examine the objections of Master to al-Suhrawardi. In this way, the intellectual framework (paradigm) of al-Suhrawardi and Motahhari should be considered in the secondary intelligible, and in transferring concepts from any approach to another, its implications should also be transferred. It seems that according to al-Suhrawardi's approach, Motahhari's objections not acceptable, but Suhrawardi invalidates the opposite opinion due to the occurrence of a circle paralogism of in it.

The purpose of writing this article is to investigate the effect of psychological well-being factors on the management and quality of life of MS patients. This research was fundamental in terms of its purpose and also meta-composite in nature. The studied community was all documents, theoretical bases and related background of the reasons for the increase in smoking and tobacco use among teenagers and young people in domestic (1402-1391) and foreign (2003-2023) databases. The purposeful non-random sampling method and the sample size was based on systematic elimination based on the flow diagram of the prism model. The data collection tool was the systematic review of documents and literature. In order to calculate validity, a 27-item checklist based on the prism model was used, and in order to calculate reliability, Cohen's kappa coefficient was used, and the results indicated the validity and reliability of the tool. A good quality of life has always been and is a human desire. In the beginning, prosperity and longer life meant better quality of life. But today, the quality of life is opposite to the quantity, and it is defined according to the wide dimensions of health, and it means the years of life that are accompanied by satisfaction, happiness and pleasure. Psychological well-being refers to a set of psychological approaches and focuses that improve and optimize the mental and general health of patients. These approaches and focuses are based on a better understanding of the needs, problems and limitations that MS patients face, creating supportive environments and empowering patients for better disease management, strengthening social relationships and optimizing their quality of life. The management and quality of life of MS patients requires a comprehensive and multifaceted approach due to the severity and size of the impact of this disease on a person's life. Psychological well-being in this field aims at a comprehensive and integrated management based on the multiple effects that different aspects of life have on the health and psychology of MS patients.

Background &

Cyberspace has become an important part of people's lives, among them teenagers use cyberspace more than others. Excessive use of virtual space can involve mental, social-emotional problems, behavioral and emotional incompatibility in teenagers due to the lack of development of physical and mental development. One of these negative behaviors that teenagers face increasingly in digital life is cyber bullying. In a short period of time, this problem has become a worrying social phenomenon, which has spread rapidly and simultaneously with the adoption of new technologies and smart phones among teenagers. Cyberbullying is a form of cyber-aggression with an aggressive and deliberate action by a group or individual, using electronic means of communication, repeatedly over time against a victim who cannot easily defend himself. Among others, we can refer to actions such as defamatory actions, displaying annoying comments, hacking a user account, disclosing personal information of others without their consent, harassment and sending threatening messages. This problem significantly affects the mental and physical health of adolescents and is associated with a wide range of internal and external problems, negative emotions, loneliness, and emotional regulation problems. In general, this phenomenon reduces positive emotions in teenagers and replaces negative emotions and emotional instability. Cyberbullying increases the likelihood of social isolation in adolescents. Social isolation is a state of complete lack of connection between an individual and society, whose symptoms may be different based on the age group of individuals, which can be caused by a combination of internal and environmental factors that are associated with a variety of negative developmental outcomes including social, cultural and environmental factors (such as age, gender, housing, place of residence, living alone), psychological and cognitive factors (such as depression, anxiety, disorder) are associated. This disorder has negative consequences on physical and mental health in teenagers and its complications can last for years. On the other hand, it limits the opportunity for teenagers to interact with their social environment and as a result, it delays the growth and learning of social norms and causes the physical and social separation of teenagers from their peers, which has destructive effects on the sociability of teenagers. One of the most important indicators of social isolation is being alone, having few social relationships, not participating in social or group activities, and finally, the perception of loneliness. The persistence and intensity of this structure can lead to unhealthy lifestyles and communication disorders. On the other hand, the way parents interact and educate affects all aspects of teenagers' lives. The prevalence of social isolation disorders and cyber bullying is increasing in Iran, and the mothers of these children face many challenges. One of the most important factors affecting teenagers is the parenting style of parents, especially mothers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between schema therapy and parenting styles in mothers with teenagers suffering from social isolation and cyberbullying.

This research was applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of methodology, it was descriptive (correlation) research. The statistical population of this research was all mothers with teenagers suffering from social isolation and cyberbullying in Arak city. In order to select a sample of teenagers in Arak city, 100 mothers whose teenagers have these disorders responded to the questionnaires of social isolation (Yazdi School, 2013) and cyberbullying (Antoniado, Kokinos, and Markos, 2016). The title of the sample was selected. In order to collect data, Baumrind's parenting style questionnaires (1973) and Young's initial maladaptive schemas short form (1988) were used. The obtained data were entered into SPSS24 software for regression analysis.

The findings of the research showed that between the initial incompatible schemas and the release parenting style (r=0.487); authoritarian parenting style (r = 0.302) and logical authority parenting style (r = -0.514); between the schemas of the cutting-off domain with the release parenting style (r=0.369) and the logical authority parenting style (r=0.604); between self-management schemas and impaired performance with release parenting style (r=0.218); authoritarian parenting style (r = 0.309) and logical authority parenting style (r = -0.394); between the schemas of the domain of impaired limitations with the liberation parenting style (r=0.711) and the logical authority parenting style (r=0.590); between the schemas of the orientation domain with the release parenting style (r=0.713) and the logical authority parenting style (r=0.408); between schemas in the field of listening and liberating parenting style (r=0.224); authoritarian parenting style (r = 0.643) and logical authority parenting style (r = -0.519); There was a relationship, which is statistically significant with 99% confidence (p ≥ 0.01).

In explaining this finding, it can be stated that in relation to the nature of schemas, it is assumed that the five basic needs of the child must be satisfied in order for him to have a healthy growth. The child becomes prone to develop early maladaptive schemas in one or more areas. Schemas, especially those formed mainly as a result of adverse childhood experiences, may be the core of personality disorders, milder behavioral problems, and many chronic disorders such as anxiety, depression, cyber aggression, and social isolation. Schemas grow in childhood and are brought to life and act in adulthood by different situations in which a person is placed; Therefore, they spread throughout life and play a major role in thoughts, feelings, behaviors and relationships with others, and in a paradoxical and inevitable way, they bring adult life to childhood conditions. In order to reduce the problems of teenagers in the field of presence in real and virtual space, parents are advised not to involve their schemas in choosing the parenting style.

The country's aviation industry, consisting of aero manufacturing and support companies, is known as the main hub for the maintenance and construction of airfields. Companies that operate and maintain aircraft within the country had no problem with the maintenance and repair of airplanes flying inland and could solve the technical problems of aircrafts with the facilities at their disposal, But after imposing cruel US and Western sanctions, these companies faced problems with supplying the parts and equipment needed to repair the aircraft, which must be acknowledged to be a major problem. Restrictions on access to booklets and technical back-up documents also exacerbated this important issue. Given that the country's air fleet can be one of the most strategic pillars of the country in the fields of transportation, defense, etc., then a solution must be found to solve this problem. In this research, we have tried to present a roadmap for achieving this goal by interpreting the problem and modeling it through a soft systems approach, using an interpretive structuring approach, so that the country's aviation industry can at this point in time. That should lead to self-sufficiency and guidance.

The principles and assumptions of each individual, albeit unknowingly, influence his subsequent understanding. In understanding and interpreting the verses and tradition, many of the information, principles, and principles of the person's conceptual and authentic origins in his understanding of the verse and tradition play a role; Because it is not possible to erase the mind by one hundred percent of the previous knowledge; therefore, we encounter a number of interpretations of a single religious text, sometimes in conflict with the speaker's words, and sometimes he finds himself at an abusive level. One of the mystical views initially blessed by the discovery of mystic interest is the theory of personal unity of existence. Qazi Sa'id Qomi, as a mystic of the eleventh century AH, also believed in the rule of religious philosophy and has referred to verses and narratives. In this article, we will show that, apart from the veracity of his interpretations, the effect of this rule on the interpretation of some of the verses and narrations of this wise will be displayed.

One of the oldest and most important metaphysical problems is the creation of the multiplicity of things and their relations to oneness. Avicenna adopted a viewpoint on the issue that Aquinas has recited it in his works. Aquinas' narration from Ibn Sina would be criticized on two grounds; First, Aquinas has not acted carefully in choosing some of the Latin words to reflect the Avicenna's point. Second, in the Aquinas' narration, the term "potential" is used referring to everything except God, while such a term does not appear in the Avicennian literature- especially in Shifa (Book of Healing). Thus, the main problem of this study is that, why did Aquinas present such a reading of Ibn Sina's creation system? According to the authors, there are pieces of evidence that show Aquinas learned about Avicenna's viewpoint through al-Ghazali’s treatises. This had a great influence on his recitation of Avicenna. Although reading and terms of Aquinas are in some ways different from the Avicenna's, it can be considered compatible with Avicenna's philosophy.

In Islamic philosophy, intellectual perception has a higher situation than sensory perception, and then it is not sense-based cognition. Vision-based knowledge is a cognition in which the sense of sight prevails over other aspects of epistemology. The authors are seeking to study Mulla Sadra's vision-based perspective on mental existence after finding the criteria for research. Much of Mulla Sadra's use of visual terms in explaining his views on mental existence can be the first sign of his vision-based tendency. In this paper, after a separation of knowable forms into particular and universal, aspect of the visionbased tendency of each of these two kinds is examined and it has been shown that the subsistence of issuing of particular (sensual and imaginary) forms of an essay is basically the vision-based aspect; In this approach it means, the visual aspect of the external object is inseparable of its mental existence. Since Mulla Sadra's claim is in the universal forms (rational) view of the distant one, it was found that this idea is not empty of vision-based tendency; Though Mulla Sadra has been a success to defeating the sense-based tendency. According to the authors, the category of knowledge in the philosophical system of Mulla Sadra, at least based on what he said in mental existence theory, is influenced by the sensual appearance of objective knowable and more than other senses are affected by vision, and furthermore this outcome includes particularities in universals.

Consciously or unconsciously, Shi’ite, Mo’tazila, and ‘Ashari commentators have consistently been affected by their own Kalami presumption during the exegetic history of the Noble Quran. One of the issues in this regard is the possibility or impossibility of Haram aliment. In order to investigate this exegetic subject, first historical origins on how it entered the Quranic exegesis should be illuminated through historical study. Then, we should achieve a new and valid understanding of this term using linguistic devices such as etymology and semantics.
The study of the history of Islam indicates that unlawful withholding of Muslims’ property especially public aliment by Othman ibn Affan is one of the most important causes which led to his killing. In the 2nd century A.H., this issue turned to a serious Kalami argument between Shi’ite and ‘Ash’ari denominations. In that historical period, it has been attempted to justify the unlawful withholding of Muslim’s property by the third Caliph using justification such as justice of Sahabe (companions), determinism, and references to the Quran. The etymological and semantic study of the term “aliment” shows that none of the exegetic and terminological books have surveyed the origin of this term because they were affected by the above mentioned serious argument. The etymology of “aliment” reveals that benevolence and mercy are key concepts in this term. The semantic investigation of “aliment” shows that this term in the Noble Quran means giving gift and it cannot be applied for Haram property. Using this method, represents new and valid evidence from the Noble Quran rejecting the possibility of Haram aliment.

The aspects of relation among reminder, promotion of good and prevention of evil based on collocation in the Holy Quran have been discussed by an analytic method. A common medium as nature has been achieved in this research becausepromotion of good and prevention of evil will lead to remind divine commands. In other words, executing promotion of good and prevention of evilin the society will lead to remind people the religious nature and religious issues, and finally salvation will be brought out for human being's society by executing these commands. Therefore, the guarantee of divine society's safety is to execute promotion of good and prevention of evil in accordance with Quranic verses. The following results will be achieved with regard to the collocation of these two above mentioned Quranic aspects: 1) everyone knows the goodness and badness of things, and also, individual and social loss by his/her nature, but most of people needs a reminder related to individual and social immoralities. 2) Muslim has been obliged to goodness and badness by Islam. This is a reminder by which salvation will bring out since only believers execute these commands.

The naturalistic explanation of realized dream (or dreams that come true) means that this phenomen will be explained regardless of supernatural agents. Aristotle in Parva naturalia and Jung in his works explained dream visionary. In this article by scrutiny on these thinkers’ theory, we will indicate the naturalistic approach to dream that is far- fetched for followers of metaphysics. In spite of this fact that Aristotle and Jung both belongs to different historical contexts, they have common aspects in terms of naturalistic method; in the universal or broad sense of word, but in terms of content both explain the true dream by the term “coincidence” or accidental conformity between objective events and psychological affairs. It also seems that the notion of Neutral monism in Jung is adaptive to Hylomorphism in Aristotle psychology, and this, provides a path for naturalistic approach to dream as one forms of consciousness.

Qur‛an is societies of words, jawame ul-kalim, and its addressees include human beings that their existential capacities have not the same. To acquire of Qur‛anic doctrines and its esoteric meanings, plain and conscience purification is needed. Seyyed Jalal Ashtiani attempt to explain relation between the existential grads of human beings and esoteric layers of Qur‛an, and to display the role of purification in congruity of them. In this paper, we consider various works of Ashtiani to manifest the relationship between human and Qur‛an that based upon Sadrian rule that is species multiplicity (kasrat al no’iya). In this path we consider view point of Islamic contemporary philosopher. Then we analyze status of human (stages of the heart) along with its esoteric meaning. Ashtiani maintain that the levels of the heart are seven and entering to higher level is provided to purification of lower level. Therefore seventh stage is peculiar to the perfect man.