فاطمه محمدخانی

In this paper, we have tried to evaluate the quality of the “Golestan” system by relying on the conceptual model of Delon and Maclean (2003).

To do this, we have used the Model of Pavkovic, Gasper, and Jadrick (2021), which includes the developed form of the Delon and Maclean model along with the standard formative questionnaire, consists of 5 dimensions and 40 subscales, and organized in the continuum range of 1 to 10. The present study was the educational support staff and students of Tehran public universities who were sampled by multi-stage cluster sampling method and Shahid Beheshti, Shahed, and Allameh Tabataba'i universities were selected as samples and sample sizes of 151 and 302 were determined by Cochran formula for educational support staff and students of the mentioned universities, which finally 128 and 264 employees and students responded to the questionnaire, respectively.

Some important findings were obtained from this study. First, the “system performance quality” in all subscales was lower than average, and “information quality” was higher than average. Second, the components of “proportionality to the need”, “the time of registration of inputs”, “alternative access possibility”, “the confidentiality of access”, and “the accuracy of the information” were identified as most important. Third, the evaluation of students about “information quality”, “quality of system performance”, and “service quality” of the Golestan system was more desirable and positive than the staff's point of view. Fourth, only the dimension of “system performance quality” was effective on “system use”, and the rest of the dimensions namely “quality of information” and "quality of information" had no significant effect on the use of the system. Finally, the dimension of “system performance quality” had the most significant indirect effect on user satisfaction.

The quality of system performance and its ingredients such as being adjusted to needs, reliable accessibility, optimum response time, optimum input time, error-free performance, and multiple options for getting access are the most important factors of quality for the Golestan system.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli is one of the most common bacterial causes of diarrhea worldwide. One of the most important ETEC colonization factors is B subunit of the Heat Labile Enterotoxin, which forms the connecting part of the toxin. In the present study, egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) was produced and its effectiveness against recombinant LTB protein was tested on the animal model.

Hens were injected intramuscularly with 100 μg of recombinant LTB protein. The antibody titer was estimated and the eggs were collected. The water soluble part of the yolk was separated and the antibody titer was subsequently estimated by ELISA.Effecacy of different concentrations of IgY on nutralising the effect of LT toxin on Y1 cells was also studied. In order to investigate the effect of IgY-treated bacteria on intestinal epithelial cells, the standard Ileal loop  technique was used.

Protein expression led to the production of recombinant LTB showing molecular weight of 11 kDa on SDS PAGE. Immunization of hens induced serum antibody rise. The purified antibody was 144 mg per 12 ml of egg yolk. Purified IgY exhibited significant effect against recombinant LTB proteinAt the concentration of 125 μg per ml, the IgY could prevent the effects of Heat Labile Enterotoxin on Y1 cells. In the Ileal loop test, 1.5 mg / ml IgY neutralized the toxin effect of LTB   on the intestine. The accumulation of fluid in the test loops decreased by 74.8% compared to the untreated control loops.

The results showed that specific egg yolk immunoglobulin was effective against recombinant LTB protein and can be used as a preventive antibody to inhibit the Heat Labile Enterotoxin function of ETEC bacteria.

Allium altissimum Regel. is a perennial species of Alliaceae family whose storage tissue is bulb which grows as a wild plant on different slops of mountainous regions and under the canopy of trees and shrubs in gardens. Due to the unsustainable exploitation of A.altissimum and its possible extinction from natural habitats for food and pharmaceutical industries, conducting researches with regard to A.altissimum domestication, cultivation and mass production are required in order to prevent from the paucity of genetic resources. To achieve this goal, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of phosphorus fertilizer and plant density for A.altissimum which are essential parameters in its domestication. A field factorial experiment based on complete blocks design with tree replications was carried out. Treatments of this study were including density at tree levels (20, 30 and 40 plants per square meter) and phosphorus (superphosphate) at four levels (0, 150, 250 and 350 kg ha-1). The results showed that phosphorus fertilizer enhanced wet and dry bulbs yield, biologic yield, grain yield, height of plant. Furthermore, phosphorus fertilizer significantly increased the harvest index of bulbs. Moreover, interactions plant density decreased wet and dry bulbs yield, biologic yield, grain yield, plant height.

Domestication, cultivation and mass production of shallot to prevent the loss of its genetic resources are of particular importance. This study was conducted in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications to evaluate the effects of different levels of phosphorus fertilizer and planting densities on medicinal and industrial plants of shallots at the Agricultural Research Station of Higher Education Complex of Shirvan. Treatments of this study were plant densities at tree levels (20, 30 and 40 plants per square meter) and phosphorus applications (superphosphate) at four levels (0, 150, 250 and 350 kg.ha-1). The results showed that phosphorus, plant density and the interactions between them significantly affected growth parameters such as leaf area index, leaf area ratio, crop growth, relative growth, and net assimilation rates as compared to controls. According to these results, it can be concluded that this plant reacts positively to the phosphorus fertilization.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the leadership styles on women’s glass ceiling beliefs. Data from a cross-sectional study of 218 women working in Iran in Ministry of Health and Medical Education were analyzed. The participants completed the questionnaires and measures of subjective women’s glass ceiling beliefs and leadership styles. This experimental study examined whether the transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles had different effect on the denial, resilience, acceptance and resignation of women's access to leadership positions in organizations.

Panegyric poems are one of the controversial issues about ghazalscomposed by Hafez. Some researchers deny that Hafez has said such poems and believe that scribes have added the said poems to his work. Some others reinterpret and justify panegyricghazals and verses by Hafez, so as to maintain his sacredness. A look into the views held by researchers and matching them with ghazals by Hafez shows that there are two main reasons for denying or justifying his panegyric poems:believing in lack of coherence in the structure of the ghazals and inattentiveness to the secondary meaning of verses, in a way that they consider each verse independent from others and believe that the real sense of words in each verse is meant by Hafez. Since there are only a few ghazals which are praise-centered from the beginning and others are accompanied by a plan or introduction such as serenades, panegyricghazals by Hafez are divided in this paper into two groups of arranged and planned ghazals and unarranged and unplanned ones. The secondary meanings of sentences too are categorized under each group. In conclusion, the secondary meanings of sentences and their coordination with the general structure of ghazals indicate that panegyricghazals by Hafez have a systematic structure. Not only does presence of such poems in his Divān devalues the greatness and dignity of Hafez, but also provides a better understanding of his smartness.