محمد مختاری

One of the verses whose interpretation has been the point of disagreement of the commentators is the phrase "وعلی الذین یتیقونه" in verse 184 of Surah Al-Baqarah. Since the verb "yatiquna" is used positively in this verse, it has challenged the commentators to understand the phrase. The present article, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method, seeks to provide a more accurate understanding of the verse by retrieving the evolution of the understanding of this verse and retrieving the necessary data to correctly judge the conditions and exceptions of fasting in the Qur'an. Slowly Through the studies conducted in this research, it became clear that according to the time course from the first century to the present era, in order of the understanding of the commentators, topics such as; The difference between the recitation, the hypothesis of abrogation, in the appreciation of the negation letter or verb "Kanwa", the expression of the examples of "Yatiquna" and the explanation of the exact meaning of this article in the verse have been discussed. Among these views, the efforts of recent commentators in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries to understand the verse have contributed greatly to the correct interpretation of the verse. These efforts have been through the discovery of the semantic truth of "Yatiquna", which has led to the comparison of the difficulty in the article "Yatiquna" and has been mentioned in the views of commentators of the Companions such as Ibn Abbas.

Social health is one of the emerging concepts that has been considered by thinkers in the field of theory and policy. Social health refers to the concept of social capital of the citizens and institutions of a society. In other words, the higher a person's motivation to communicate and the greater the number of connecting lines between the individual and society, the better the social health of the individual and society. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting social health in the Qur’anic lifestyle from the perspective of the Supreme Leader.

In this study, through the compilation of a library and a descriptive-analytical method, the effective components for social health in the Qur’anic lifestyle from the perspective of the Supreme Leader were investigated.

Based on the research findings, the components affecting social health in the Qur’anic lifestyle from the leadership perspective included two direct and indirect parts. In the components affecting social health in the Qur’anic lifestyle from the perspective of the Supreme Leader, seven key components were identified, namely: spiritual health, moral health, physical health, mental health, spiritual health, faith health, and religious health.

If we take inspiration from these statements and put them at the forefront of our work, we can hope for a transcendent lifestyle and a healthier society.

In this study, we aim to investigate the relationship of the numbers of daysuntil blood expiration and pre-transfusion hemoglobin level with mortality rate in patients admitted tothe intensive care unit (ICU) and received packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion.

This is a retrospective cross-sectional study that was performed in 2020 on 205patients admitted to the ICU of Al-Zahra Hospital in Isfahan, Iran in the past year and received PRBCtransfusion. Their demographic information as well as information about related to the blood such asthe number of days until PRBC expiration and pre-transfusion hemoglobin level were extracted from thepatient’s medical records.

The mean pre-transfusion hemoglobin level of patients was 10.53±2.8 g/dL. Male patients hadsignificantly higher hemoglobin level than female patients (P<0.05). Of 205 patients, 55(26.8%) hada death outcome. The mortality rate was significantly higher in males than in females (P<0.05). Thenumber of days until PRBC expiration was 11.52±3.71 days. It was not significantly different betweenthe deceased and surviving patients (P>0.05). Also, the hemoglobin level of the deceased patients wassignificantly lower than that of surviving patients (P<0.05). The patients with underlying diseases hadsignificantly lower pre-transfusion hemoglobin level and higher mortality.

The mortality rate among ICU patients received PRBC transfusion in the study hospitalis 26.8%.

Boasting (Arabic: عجب) is among the vices that may exist in people. The entering of this moral vice in worship is one of the aspects of selfishness; especially in recommended (Arabic: مستحب, Mustaḥabb) acts of worship and actions that others do less. The importance and value of this issue is clear from the fact that the Holy Quran has also mentioned it and blamed boasting in worship. Some of the most important causes of boasting worship according to the research findings are: 1. Not paying attention to the truth of worship; 2. Man’s ignorance of his true position; 3. The illusion of attaining perfection from the appearance of worship; 4. Extreme tendency to zuhd or asceticism (Arabic: زهد) in worship; 5. stupidity and Inanity; 6. Comparing one's actions with others. The effects of boasting include: 1. Failure to reach the level of servitude; 2. Lack of effective communication; 3. Ingratitude (Arabic: کفران النعمه, kufrān al-niʿma) of the blessing of worship; 4. Corruption and invalidation of worship. The way to cure the boasting caused by worship is: 1. Acquiring knowledge; 2. Paying attention to one’s faults and shortcomings in worship. The present article has been written using library resources and descriptive analytical method.

The purpose of this research is to model the supply chain in the conditions of uncertainty from the point of view of Jihadi management. In this research, the modeling of the parameter after the crisis has been done.The importance and position of Jihadi management's view regarding critical conditions is one of the things that was considered in this research. In order to identify the weaknesses and bugs of the existence, from the point of view of the elite group with jihadi management in the field of cement industries, interview tools and content analysis technique for 7 people has been used.For the implementation of the model in larger dimensions, genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization and simulation cooling were used, and according to the results of the implementation of the algorithms for different dimensions, the genetic algorithm has a higher quality.The reason for examining the role of jihadist management in this process is that in the conditions of uncertainty, the existence of a jihadist thought leads to effective decisions.Since Jihadi management perspective has been used in this research, this model can be designed and implemented in various industries where the time factor is important, and the appropriate supply chain in critical situations.

This article examines the minimum permissible theory of translation of the Holy Quran, from the perspective of the two sects. The Shiites agree on the permissibility of translating the Qur’an. What is understood from the arguments of the Sunnis is that it is not permissible to translate the Qur'an. In this research, which was written using library sources and in an analytical-descriptive method, while explaining the truth of Rashid Reza's fatwa (jurisprudential commandment) that it is not permissible to translate the Qur'an, as well as discovering the effect of conditions and time on this fatwa, for other reasons and evidences we have reached the permission to translate the Holy Qur’an from the point of view of Sunnis. Such as Rashid Reza's action with a group of Egyptian scholars on the translation of the Qur'an, the fatwa of the scholars of al-Azhar University in Egypt on the permissibility of translating the Qur'an, the detailed theory of the permissibility and impermissibility of the translation of the Qur'an, and Zarkashi's statement that the translation of the Qur'an is necessary in some cases. What made most Sunnis to oppose the permissibility of translating the Qur’an is the confusion between the possibility and the permissibility of translating the Qur’an. So, if we take the translation of the Qur'an as a true translation and as a mirror of the entire view of the Qur'an, the Shia does not believe in such a translation, and his opinion is the same as the opponents of the impossibility of translation (the Sunnis). However, minimal translation, which is based on rules, is a matter that reason proves its possible and hadiths confirm its legality.

Some groups of accountable (mukallafīn) people may sometimes have difficult jobs and may not be able to fast Ṣawm (Arabic: صوم) during the holy month of Ramaḍān at all, or in the summer, for example. The present research is a descriptive-analytic method, after preliminary statement about the terminology of ṭāqah (Arabic: طاقه, endurance) in the word and the Noble Qurʾān, as well as the examples of “upon those who are able [to fast, but with hardship]” (Arabic: علی الذین یطیقونه, Phonetic transliteration: allatheena yuteeqoonahu, the Noble Qurʾān 2:184) to investigate and express the fact that according to the traditions and opinions of jurists, even if the owners of hard jobs are not able to perform fast and carrying out or fulfilling the fasting (Arabic: قضا, Romanized: qaḍā of missed fasting) until the end of the working period (e.g., 30 years), due to difficult working conditions such as: the inability to leave or change a grueling job, the shift of working hours, not having vacation all year round, etc., and they are obligated to perform their fasts while they are alive after retirement and the end of service, because they are not like an old man or an old woman and a thirsty person after their retirement that fasting is harmful for them to be able not having qaḍā and satisfied with paying fidya (fidyah) for fasts missed out of necessity. But they will be considered examples of “upon those who are able [to fast, but with hardship]” (Arabic: علی الذین یطیقونه, Phonetic transliteration: allatheena yuteeqoonahu) and will be excused from performing fasting during the work, according to the above-mentioned conditions.

In verse 184 of Surah (chapter) Al-Baqarah (Arabic: البقره, lit. The Heifer or The Cow), according to the phrase: “And those who are not able to do it may effect a redemption by feeding an indigent person” (Arabic: وعلی الذین یطیقونه فدیه طعام مسکین), the suspicion of the permit of fasting or feeding the indigent people for the mukallaf (obligee, obligator) has been raised. Some people claim that the word (those who are not able to do it, Arabic: یطیقونه) means those who are able to fast, and Allah has decreed that even for able-bodied (capable) people, if they do not want to fast, they can feed the poor indigent people. They have given evidence for their claim as narrations in which the infallibles (al-Maʿṣūmīn, Arabic: المعصومین), wherever they have used the capability root (Arabic: إطاقه) and have chosen the meaning of inability and powerlessness, have brought a negative word with it. According to the research findings, it is true that (those who are not able to do it, Arabic: یطیقونه) means ability, but in addition to power, there is qualification extreme hardship and hardship in its existence, which causes distress and constriction (Arabic: عسر و حرج). Explaining the meaning of hardship along with ability in (those who are not able to do it, Arabic: یطیقونه) is possible by analyzing the same narrations and order of verses 183 and 286 of Surah (chapter) Al-Baqarah. Therefore, all those who are able to fast with great difficulty will be excused and fasting is not obligatory on them. The present article has been written using library resources and analytical-descriptive method.

Thyroid cancer is a common cancer of the endocrine system, and knowing the etiology can be effective in its treating. On the other hand, the FNA technique is not accurate enough, so finding a biomarker for thyroid cancer is of importance. This study was done to evaluate the NKX2-1 gene as indicator of differentiation of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

In this case-control study, 17 fresh PTC tissue samples and 20 adjacent-healthy tissues were collected during thyroidectomy in Isfahan, Iran. RNA extraction was followed by cDNA synthesis. The expression of the NKX2-1 gene was performed using specific primers (exon-junction and intron spanning) using the RT-qPCR method.

An examination of the quality and quantity of extracted RNAs showed that they were intact and suitable for making cDNA. Examination of the melting curve showed a specific amplification of the NKX2-1 gene. The difference in expression of the NKX2-1 gene between PTC and healthy-adjacent tissues was 0.947.

No difference in the expression of the NKX2-1 gene between the healthy tissue adjacent to the tumor and the tissue of the PTC tumor indicates that the PTC tumors were differentiated.

The depressed basins of northwest central Iran are located in the structural Step and between Soltanieh-Ipac-Koshk-e-Nosrat and Qom –Zefreh system (the Indes - Qom –Khurabad faults). The main process of deformation within the basin with extension and compression of specific structures are comparable and verifiable using experimental models. The extensional structures include roll-over folds and normal faults, resulting in deep sedimentary basins during deposition of the lower and upper red formations. The younger structures, includes back-thrusts and for-thrusts, shortcut, and pop up structures represents the reversal of tectonic of primary extensional basin. These sedimentary basins have been created in relation to the growth faults and hanging wall blocks So In the presence of roll-over fold and antithetic and synthetic faults therefore are suitable for entrapment of hydrocarbons during migration. The active structural features have been identified using combination of geomorphic characteristic and seismic reflection data. Accordingly, none of the old normal faults in the Saveh- Qom and Aran basin show at the present any extensional movement and the fault activity of boundary faults and extensional folding are compressional. The active parts are: hanging wall of Saveh, restraining bending at the end of Indes fault that has stream Length-Gradient (SL) index and high value hypsometric index (Hi). The central part of Saveh-Qom and Aran basin, although show high Hi but the SL is low. This situation is due to the moderating effects of the thick lower and upper red formations and evaporative layer within the basin. In the Aran basin due to incomplete coverage of seismic lines the absence of normal faults cannot be definitively confirmed. However, the center of Aran basin as of Qom-Saveh formed push up which marks the compression of this basin and also activity of reverse and thrust faults. Based on the existing surface and subsurface data set, active deformation in this area now is transpression basin and the interior domains are in the uplift.