مختار یوردخانی

The police force is the most important organization in charge of order and security in the society, and it seems necessary to address their behavioral issues and problems. Officers use legal means to establish security and order, but; Sometimes, some officers inflict beatings on the accused while on duty; Officers' violence against defendants reduces indicators of social security and trust. The purpose of this study is to identify effective methods of criminal prevention of crimes focusing on the crime of assault and injury of law enforcement personnel and their prioritization. This research is a survey in terms of type of application and descriptive in terms of research method. Due to the dimensions of research variables, a quantitative method has been used. The statistical population is the police officers of Semnan province that 66 people were randomly selected by probabilistic sampling of systematic classes who were given a questionnaire and its validity through content validity and its reliability through Cronbach's calculation (a = 94%) Was evaluated. Cochran's test was used to calculate the sample size. The most important findings obtained from data analysis indicate that individual factors affecting the incidence of violence, dissatisfaction with salaries and benefits in the first place, dissatisfaction with the job in the second place and the presence of a spirit of violence and aggression in the third place has it.

Marginalized has made urban management encountered with a major challenge in the current era. Because on the one hand, it provides the background of committing crimes, and on the other hand, view of the city has been ugly due to the mushrooming increase of informal settlements, Hence it can be said that, marginalization will make the city face challenges in terms of aesthetic and security due to abnormal behavior which are emergent of population critical load. This study seeks to identify the influencing factors in crime rate increase in the informal settlements of PAKDASHT. The research method is descriptive – analytical and the data collection methods included questionnaires and interviews. The statistical sample included 62 people residents of informal settlements in PAKDASHT, experts and some city officials. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and parametric tests (ANOVA, T-test and Step-wise Regression) were used in order to determine the significant evaluation of affecting factors in the crime increase in the informal settlements. Regression test results show that there is relationship between all of research factors (sub structural, economic, social, cultural, structural, legal institutional and security) and an increase in crime. According to this test, all components of the study are significant at alpha level 0.05, But the economic factor has the most value (0.974) and the legal factor has the least value (0.935).

Tourism as the biggest social mobility with cultural, economic and spatial implications. Therefore, making the tourism more effective and improving their positive outcome requires recognition and special attention to empowerment. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the empowerment of tourism development. This study is based on the nature of "descriptive - analytic" and in terms of the purpose of "applied".
Therefore, with a short - term planning and medium - term planning, the cities of Iran can be ranked at the head of creative cities in the top of the network of creative cities and ranked best among the top creative countries. it is hoped that by using these capacities and with the fundamentals of this space, the preparations for a number of cities of Iran including Isfahan as the creative city of culture and art, Yazd as the creative city of Iranian architecture and Tehran as a creative social and social capital to the world of creative tourism.

In this study with the purpose of assessing the status of urban walking vitality and with the survey research, Alam-al-Hoda pedestrian walkway of Rasht is studied. In this regard, the conceptual model of research with four criteria (land use and activity, physical, access and connection and environmental and climatic) and 16 indexes were considered. Then, these criteria are evaluated through questionnaires and by the Likert frame and the questionnaires are completed by 380 users of Alam-al-Hoda pedestrian walkway. Based on the analysis of questionnaires, about the land use and activity Criterion, the index of diversity of people activities in the pedestrian walkway with an average of 2.8 and in the physical Criterion, urban furniture with the average of 2.6 are gained the lowest average of each criteria. Also in the access and connection Criterion, the index of movement fluency on the streets around the pedestrian walkway with the average of 2.5 and in the climatic and environmental Criterion, climatic comfort with the average of 2 have the lowest levels of satisfaction in the people's thought. Then according to the swot table, Mini-Mini Strategy, Maxi – Maxi Strategy, Maxi – Mini Strategy and Mini – Maxi Strategy are presented and scoring and ranking of strategies are done with the AHP technique.

In any society, improve the health status of Citizenry is one of the signs of improvement and human development. We believe that optimal distribution of health facilities and Health indicators have importance in betterment of life quality and sustainable development, for this reason, in the present study the distribution and development of these indicators in the townships of Hamedan province have done by comparative evaluation. In this research, Research Methodology has been Descriptive – Analytic method and was used factor analysis and cluster analysis methods. Findings show that relative deprivation can be seen in the province in terms of access to health indicators and distributions of the existing facilities are not tailored to the needs of the townships population. Hamedan Township, as the center of political and economic administration of the province, has the second rank of the most Desired city in terms of development of health indicators and has Relatively significant difference to Tuyserkan which this township has the first rank, then, townships of Razan, Malayer, Nahavand, Bahar, Kabudarahang and Asadabad are in the next ranking and Famenin has known as the Most deprived township. Via cluster analysis model were also identified three levels that the level of one is the most desirable township that Only Tuyserkan included and the level of two which is included Hamedan, Razan, Malayer and Nahavand which are desirable half and finally the third and fourth level which are others townships of Hamedan province that were identified as deprived areas.

Making job and income are two important parameters which Rural development policy makers and planners discuss about them and if geographical environment be more dynamic and more stable then economic structure of village will be varied and vivacious. We believe that varied economic activities, stability of environment and safekeeping of life diversity have been impressed by Green tourism then in this paper, we have paid attention to survey and scrutiny of green tourism development at Tochal village (Pakdasht township) via quality research method and Grounded theory. Synthetic method (documental–survey) has been used in order to data gathering because of analyzing. For this purpose, we have used interview, partnership and unpartnership observation and photography and shoot beside documental study. Terminal phenomenon has been reflected to interaction between local people and tourists, commutation of proximate action of tourist's composer attendance to rupture action. Casual conditions, meddlesome conditions, utilization strategies and some of results of this action change are: A) casual condition: decrease of norms of transaction act, emigration; B) meddlesome conditions: when wee benefits have precedence then rural land use will be changed; C) strategies: change of life structure, change of village texture, low vim for economic problems and D)

Non-development of village, retardation of growth for self- reliance and self- credence.

This research seeks to identify variables related to students, which can be taken into consideration to help the higher education institution in accepting e-learning. The research is applied in terms of purpose is methodological, and in terms of method is descriptive-analytical and survey method. The statistical population includes 16500 students of University of Semnan in three undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral degrees in the academic year of 1994-94. 380 of them were selected by multi-stage method for the study sample. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, which was used in its preparation similar tools and in addition to its validity approved by providing a judgment method, its reliability was equal to 0.92. The research findings showed that students of University of Semnan have a relative readiness and more than "the least participated preparedness" for taking part in e-learning training. However, in some factors, including "motivation," they are less likely to be prepared than expected, and need to be strengthened. In addition, the findings of the research showed that the students of the Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering are more likely to be e-readers than other faculties.

The spatial – formal planning in urban and rural settlements is same as a crave for acquiring sustainable development, that this planning must do with having knowledge about existing condition, potential and actually abilities and recognition of natural, humanistic, economical and formal sections. City and countryside are making equilibrium in own daily activities, However, the role of city is recognized by industrial products, services part activity, handicrafts and depending industries, and countryside shows our roles with producing agricultural products and preparing footstall. One important thing is that human do all activities who live in urban and rural settlements and nowadays these settlements forming needs planning, although, these settlements are completely different from before. The huge part of economical incomes consumes in making house, in the. there hand land limitation in cities and increasing its price even in country sides need spatial – formal planning in urban and rural settlements.