مرتضی عزیزی

One of the important theological topics is the explanation of the relationship between the action monism, human choice and the causal system. The lack of proper explanation of this issue has led to the deterministic view of Ash'ari on the one hand, and on the other hand, to Mu'tazila`s view of delegation. In this research, the authors applied the views of two important and influential scientists in this regard with a descriptive and analytical method and reached the following findings. Both thinkers do not consider a conflict between the monism of action on the one hand and human choice and causality on the other hand, and to solve the problem of logical consideration of divine will and human will, they have resorted to ordinal summation. Fazel Moqdad considers the will of God conditional on the will of man, and Mulla Sadra considers the will of man and the will of God to be the same as the soul and its powers, which means that man is a part of the divine affairs, but the will of man is not the same as the will of God, and there is a difference between the two views in the interpretation of the theory of amri baina al-amrain, it comes back to the difference between God and man, that Fazel Miqdad has given the azli distinction and Mulla Sadra to attribute one.

Postpartum depression is a type of mood disorder that can affect pregnant women who have given birth and is affected by various factors, so the present study aims to predict postpartum depression based on marital satisfaction, satisfied body, and dysfunctional beliefs in women of Bukan City.

The present study is descriptive-correlational. The population consisted of all women with pregnancy in the last month in the first half of 2022 in the city of Bukan in the number of 2980 according to Morgan's table and with informed written consent, 340 pregnant women referring to Shahid Qolipur Hospital in Bukan were selected by available sampling method and filled in the questionnaire. Beck-2 depression, Edinburgh postpartum depression, Enrich's marital satisfaction, Body image satisfaction, and Weisman and Beck's dysfunctional beliefs responded. The analysis was done using a stepwise regression method.

Marital satisfaction, physical satisfaction, and dysfunctional beliefs have a significant ability to predict postpartum depression at P < 0.01 level. This effect is inverse in marital and physical satisfaction and positive in dysfunctional beliefs. Also, marital satisfaction, with an effect size of 0.324, physical satisfaction, with an effect size of 0.497, and ineffective beliefs, with an effect size of 0.652, explain the postpartum depression variable. Also, the prevalence of postpartum depression among women in Bukan City is 30.6%, which is higher than the average of the articles recorded in this field.

According to the results of the research, Marital satisfaction, physical satisfaction inversely, and dysfunctional beliefs directly and positively predict postpartum depression in pregnant women.

The pervasiveness of cyberspace among different sections of society has led to various harms and errors. Part of this damage is one of the goals of the arrogant system in launching soft war and its expansion in cyberspace, which has been able to play a role in more frequency with a more influential, more effective, accelerator. This article aims to interpret the coordinates of cyberspace to have the capacity to act in the goals of the Islamic Revolution with the approach of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution that the two categories of cyberspace and jihad can complement each other as a weapon in soft warfare. Accordingly, with a descriptive-analytical method that seeks to describe the current state of the problem or phenomenon, its features and attributes are studied, and by describing a product in detail, further cognition is done without any intervention or mental inference. Findings indicate that addressing the jihad of explanation can be in order to prevent and eliminate the individual and social contexts of pollution and damage from various aspects in cyberspace in order to achieve virtual governance and can be used as a software aspect of this space as Behrooz used one of various tools in this direction. It is necessary; Explaining the weapon of jihad as one of the protective measures aimed at preventing, warning, informing; In the face of the rampant cyberspace that threatened individual and social interests, he took advantage of the search for the well-being of society.

With the development of technology, the quality of making animations has become more complicated in parallel with their narratives; So much so that the inclusion of the audience has expanded from children to adults, and the countries with technology are using it to convey the message to different generations around the world in order to influence the content more than in the past. Naturally, the identification of the main and secondary themes of these animations will point out the harm and danger that should be carefully studied and given serious attention in the planning and development of this industry in accordance with the ideals and needs of the Islamic Revolution of Iran. This article aims to examine the animation "Soul" with a qualitative approach and the method of theme analysis, and aims to reveal its hidden layer, which is in opposition to religious and revolutionary foundations. The findings indicate that the international system will be considered as a disruptive element and will confront any factor that changes its basic criteria and causes imbalance in the international system. This axis can be examined in this animation, which leads children's worldview and tendencies towards Western atheistic schools with a soft and gradual approach due to high inculpability, in order to institutionalize the context of their orientation and choice in adulthood. The seduction of religious counter-revolutionism in this animation can be traced and identified with the purposeful western goals with the aim of changing the process of religious education of children, in the event that in the clear layer and the authentic face of a message regardless of religious and political bias, it has been able to gain general acceptance and arouse the admiration of the public. .

The present article is based on the approach of investigating and explaining the moral and epistemological characteristics of Shahid Soleimani in his interaction with the society, which has made him a distinguished model among military and political figures.

This article has been compiled with the method of document analysis, which aims to identify and draw the relationships of phenomena with the help of digging into data and previous research.

The findings indicate that self-restraint based on his personality, while being introduced as a model, will display a set of practical and practical ethics indicators, and as a result, it can be seen from its social and political effects. It works effectively in the perfection and happiness of a person, he benefited. Considering the self-work of Shahid Soleimani, he is obviously considered a national hero who devoted most of his life for many years by applying important principles in order to promote Islamic ideals.

The peace of the human soul can slip in the face of events, and if it adheres to virtues and puts self-restraint at the top of them, it is able to grow the soul to the point where it is blinded by events. , to focus on peace-seeking and the realization of such a thing requires strengthening self-restraint.

Organizations need to choose the right strategy to maximize the use of environmental opportunities according to their strengths and weaknesses. Thus, by choosing the best strategy, organizations take an important step to improve their financial performance. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of customer-centric strategy on financial performance with the mediating role of human resource management and innovation in Iran Radiator Company in order to improve the financial performance of this company. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of this study includes 350 employees of Iran Radiator Company. In this research, 183 of these employees were selected by simple random sampling. A standard questionnaire was used to measure the variables. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that customer-centric explains and predicts 8% of financial performance, 5.75% of human resource management capability, and 7.50% of Iran Radiator Company's innovation capability. They also explain and predict human resource management capability of 7.40% of financial performance and innovation capability of 13.5% of the financial performance of Iran Radiator Company. The bootstrap method was used to measure the mediating variable in Amos software. The results showed that human resource management capability and innovation capability both have an effective mediating role in the relationship between customer-centric and financial performance of Iran Radiator Company. Therefore, the managers of Iran Radiator Company are suggested...

This study aimed to develop a conceptual model of positive thinking based on the verses of Surah Yusuf and to examine its validity. With a qualitative approach and using qualitative content analysis of religious texts, 31 verses related to the concepts of positive thinking in this surah were first examined. Then, to ensure that the inferred content matches the evidence and the components match the inferred content, and to ensure the necessity of each component, the validity of the findings was measured. This validation was performed with the help of 12 experts and by calculating the content validity index (CVI) and the content validity ratio (CVR). Based on the findings, the components of the semantic domain of positive thinking were:Positive attitudes, including "possibility of success despite obstacles and adversity", "faith in God's help in adversity", and "attention to Divine blessings";Positive values, including "positive change despite obstacles and adversity", "resorting to God in adversity", "forgiveness ", "hope", and "trusting God";Positive actions, including "optimal use of challenges" and "patience in adversity".

 Assessing the severity of injury and the factors affecting the prognosis of trauma patients will lead to better management. This study was performed to investigate the relationship between leukocyte count and level of consciousness in trauma patients.

 This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on the records of 126 patients admitted to the emergency department of Be'sat Hospital in Hamadan in 2020-2021. Before prescribing any medication, blood samples were drawn to determine the number of leukocytes using a cell counter. At the same time, the level of consciousness was recorded based on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and the relationship between the two was examined.

 The total number of trauma patients was 126 (67.5% male and 32.5% female). Their mean age was 37.71± 12.78 years. Traumas were mostly blunt (78.6%) and multiple trauma (45.2%). The frequency of leukocytosis was 27.8%, with a mean leukocyte count of 9526±3470 per microliter of blood. There was a significant correlation between level of consciousness and leukocyte count 12 hours after admission (r = 0.663, P <0001). There was also a significant relationship between leukocyte count and trauma outcome (P <0.001). 81.8% of the patients were discharged in good condition and 7.1% died.

 In trauma patients, a positive correlation was observed between peripheral blood leukocyte count and level of consciousness. Considering the relationship between leukocyte count and the final outcome of trauma patients, this biomarker can be used to determine the relative prognosis of patients in supplementary studies.

In the Age of Enlightenment, theories moved in the direction that scientific replaced myths. If mythology has been the result of the ideas of man in each of the past periods. Some twentieth-century theories have also suggested that human discoveries are one of the reasons for redefining new myths according to the structure of today's world. also, creating national harmony is always one of the issues for the advancement of governments, including the political system of our country. Myths are instructions through which they react to their political and social world and in most societies evoke a single identity. Therefore, the Islamic Republic of Iran, in an effort to achieve its Islamic and Iranian goals, can achieve the national unity by using the character of Shahid Soleimani as a national myth. The purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of national myths on national harmony with the case study of Shahid Qassem Soleimani. In this regard, for qualitative research and documentary analysis method, the use of relevant sources to collect information has been used. According to the findings of the article, one of the other national capacities and capitals of Iran is Shahid Soleimani, and by examining the reaction of different groups after the martyrdom of Soleimani, we will find their empathy and solidarity. Shahid Soleimani is the connecting point of social and political groups that can play a role as a national myth in political and social goals and programs. The emergence of this national solidarity has reasons that will be revealed in the study of the personality and behavioral manifestations of Shahid Soleimani.

Today, advertising plays a key role in commercial transactions of goods and services, including accounting services and auditing. In order to regulate and protect the rights of the parties to the transaction, ethical codes have been developed for this purpose in different countries. Accordingly, In this study, first, the historical journey of developing professional behavior in Iran and changing attitudes towards advertising and marketing in the audit profession are compared with 9 other countries (UK, USA, Taiwan, South Korea, Malaysia, Ontario (Canada), Australia, India and Hong Kong).Then, the impact of ethical ideologies (including relativism and Machiavellianism) on auditors who are members of the Iranian Society of Certified Public Accountants on their attitudes toward unethical marketing methods was examined in a quantitative-descriptive correlational study. The data of this study were collected in 2020 using the standardized questionnaire collected from 162 auditors who are members of the Iranian Society of Certified Public Accountants. They were randomly selected from the community of 701 people. The results of this study show that the two variables of relativism and Machiavellianism (opportunism) have a positive effect on auditors' attitudes towards using unethical marketing methods

Pursuant to Article 216 of the Civil Code and the well-known theory of the jurisprudent, the condition of non-ambiguity can be applied in sales advertisements. The main question in this article is what is the legal effect of vague advertising on the transaction? The most important effect of advertising is to create commitment and responsibility that creates rights and obligations for marketers, including advertisers, customers and advertisers. In this study, a qualitative and descriptive method was used and the purpose was to analyze the types of advertising civil liability and its effects on transactions. It seems that de-ambiguity in advertising can be considered by identifying the main components of advertising, the identity of the marketer, the owner of the ad and how to ensure the safety and health of the transaction recipients, as well as legal mechanisms to compensate for damages in sales ads. to be taken.

Firstly, advertising in broadcast and non-broadcast media should be independent of the obligations in the transaction, and secondly, the obligations related to advertising differ in the intensity and weakness of the ambiguity in the transaction, hence in advertising (ad producer, publisher, the marketer and the seller) are each responsible for the community of furniture. In the end, it is suggested that by determining the implicit condition of de-ambiguity for the sale advertisement, its violation should be considered in the society subject to supervision and compensation of material and moral damages outside the contract.

The present research aims at recognizing the principles of family therapy based on Islamic resources. The research, which is a foundational-theoretical one, uses a descriptive-analytical method and gathers data from Islamic resources to answer the questions on the nature of the principles of family therapy. To compose the research, we have inferred the principles from the Quran and the traditions. The final findings of the research show that the family therapy based on the Islamic sources enjoys the followings: God-centerism, modeling on the Prafet and the Imams, imploration, belief in resurrection, optimism, patience and resistance, relisiosity, cleanness and purity, chastity, respectingone’s wife and children, gratitude, flexibility in life (compromise and leniency, forgiveness and mercy, apology and excuse), preserving the family’s status and observing family’s limits, tolerance and tactics, accepting criticisms, healthy dialogue and accompaniment, civility and affection, sympathy, agreement and mutual understanding, honesty, sincerity and trustworthiness, negating violence, consultation, judgment, right fulfillment of sexual desire, reasonable management of family, nurturing children, observing other’s rights and performing one’s duties, women’s obeying their husbands, Islamic behavior towards one’s spouse, liability towards giving up the harmful factors, observing the jurisprudential and moral limits in family therapy. Besides, the duties and rights of the family members and family impairments were extracted from Islamic sources and presented in the discussion.

The present research aims at recognizing the bases of family therapy based on Islamic resources. The research, which is a foundational-theoretical one, uses a descriptive-analytical method and gathers data from Islamic resources to answer the questions on the nature of family therapy’s basics. To compose the research, we have inferred the basics from the Quran and the traditions. The final findings of the research show that the family therapy based on the Islamic sources enjoys the followings: the ontological bases of God’s deity, mediation of grace by selected men, the existence of after-life world, beauty and goodness of universe, the gradual nature of changes, the anthropological bases of human’s spirituality, human’s aestheticism, human’s dignity, human’s weakness and deficiency, the existence of sexual differences, being complement, human’s need to attachment and sympathy, human’s being accompanied by difficulty and hardship, human’s need to others, family’s being systematic, the value bases of sanctity of marriage and family, the value of child and having children, the centrality of duty and rights, man’s tutorage, the pathological bases of the family’s general impairments, the couple’s common impairments, the impairments specified to each of the couples, the jurisprudential and moral bases of desirability of reconciliation among Muslims, the desirability of intercession in forming family, the desirability of reforming the familial relationships. These basics are effective in the goals and techniques of family therapy, so family therapy theorists with an Islamic approach, should formulate the goals and techniques of family therapy, based on these basics.

The aim of this study was to predict pregnancy anxiety based on metacognitive beliefs and psychological health in pregnant women. The research design Was descriptive correlational According to the research design and statistical population, 100 pregnant women were selected by available sampling method. The Kelberg General Health Questionnaire, Beck Anxiety and Wells Metacognitive Beliefs questionnaire were used in the data collection process. Collected data were analyzed by using  Pearson correlational analysis and Pearson correlational  analysis and multiple regression (p <0.05). The results showed a significant positive relationship between mental health and gestational anxiety; and between metacognitive beliefs and pregnancy anxiety. Also, regarding the main hypothesis of the research, the findings showed that the combination of psychological health variables and metacognitive beliefs could significantly explain pregnancy anxiety; Accordingly, the results of the present study can provide useful information to promote scientific and practical knowledge for obstetricians and psychologists.

Humankind’s demands on the biosphere were in a balance with the Earth natural resources, until the middle of 20th century. Ever since the natural resources increasingly exceeded the supply, and caused environmental destruction and ecological unsustainability (Szigetia et al, 2017). These environmental issues raised the concerns and made the sustainable development concept (He et al, 2016). Sustainable development states a long term development strategy, which considers the future generation needs for development. This kind of development should be the foundation of every region development, thus the protection of environment will be insured. Unsustainable development in a region will reduce biocapacity, jeopardize the environment, and it will cause a number of irrecoverable damages (Sardarabadi et al., 2014). Sustainable development could be assessed through various methods. The presented approach, evaluate the sustainable development of zone 22 of Tehran by calculation of Ecological Footprint. The Ecological Footprint is an accounting tool used to measure mankind’s demand for natural services and biocapacity is the natural ability of an ecosystem to regenerate those services (Wackerngel and Rees., 1996). Since 1961 the balance between biocapacity and Ecological Footprint of Earth has been lost (Ecological Footprint Atlas, 2016). Moreover, with the climate change caused by massive carbon emission (CO2 concentration changed from 270ppm to 400ppm since the industrial revolution), biocapacity is reducing more than before. Global consumption trends reduced the Earth biocapacity to 1.8 Global Hectares and raised the average Ecological Footprint to 2.7 Global Hectares. This peculiar situation leads the world to unbearable ecological condition (Ecological Footprint Atlas, 2016).
Methods and material: Study of sustainable development in Tehran zone 22 is the main aim in this research. The assessment is based on the calculation of Ecological Footprint and biocapacity metrics. Ecological Footprint is the overall usage of natural resources and the generate waste. EF is equivalent to consumption of water, land and all the use of other environmental services, in addition to released carbon and generated waste caused by this consumption. According to the assumptions and as the initial definition, the Ecological Footprint is obtained by dividing the annual demand of one product into its annual efficiency. Also, the Ecological Footprint unit is the Global Hectare. To obtain the world hectare, which depends on the efficiency coefficient (the average national efficiency of each hectare of land to the average global efficiency of that type of land) and the equilibrium coefficient (representing the relative productivity between water and land types), the amount of consumption of each person, Per ton per year, is divided into the final limit of the earth or the water zone, then the amount that is consumed or contaminated is the desire amount, which is called the world hectare. The biocapacity means the ability of the fertile land, which includes natural biotic areas that are used to produce consumable resources, and also to receive waste and residues from their consumption. To calculate the biocapacity, the efficiency coefficient and the equilibrium coefficient for each type of region of the earth is multiplied by its area. It should be noted that each of the zones of forest, pasture, farmland, built and sea, has it specific efficiency coefficient and equilibrium coefficients. Scientifically, when the two parameters are equal, the development of a region is stable. To calculate the biocapacity, two Google Earth and Arc GIS software were used and the area of available regions was calculated for each land use.

The difference between the amount of Ecological Footprint and biocapacity determines the level of instability in the area; so, if this difference is high, the development of the region is an acute and very concerning. According to the results obtained in this study, carbon footprint with a total amount of 2.57 units per world hectare, compared to land, forest, pasture products, agricultural products and seafood, which were 0.09, 0.11, 0.41, 0.83, and 0.1 world hectares respectively, are significant. Also, according to the results obtained in region 22 of Tehran, the distribution of carbon in the commodity sector is the highest in terms of the area and type of use per unit of world hectare. It is approximately 0.8 and this is a threatening. In transportation sector, the services and construction, which include the next higher values, are 0.62, 0.6 and 0.43 world hectares respectively, all of which cant be ignored. Finally, the carbon footprint in the food sector is considered to be 0.12 world hectare, and has less rank and actually less vulnerable than the other factors mentioned, but it needs to be considered fairly. In the following, comparing the Ecological Footprints of This region with other major parts of the world, the location of Tehran's 22nd region, after Kyoto with 2.38, Campo Grande with 3.14 and Hong Kong with a value of 4 world hectares, which is equal to 4.11 world hectares, Sao Paulo, New York, San Francisco, Ontario and Calgary have values of 4.38, 6.1, 7.1, 8.4 and 9.86 world hectares, respectively, have a higher Ecological Footprint than Tehran's 22nd area, and the Ecological Footprint of all cases are higher than the acceptable global limit for the Ecological Footprint of the world, and this is a threat, and it is required to take action to reduce and perhaps eliminate the damages. Biocapacity of Tehran's 22nd district, which includes the total capacity of all areas, was estimated at 5549 world hectares. By dividing this amount into the population of the region in 2015 (equal to one million and one hundred thousand), biocapacity was estimated at 0.005 world hectares per capita. By comparing it with Iran, Asia and the world, it was determined that Tehran's 22nd region has a much lower capacity than the mentioned ones. To estimate the Ecological Footprint of the 22nd district of Tehran, population density and information related to lifestyle were used and the rate of this parameter was 4.1 world hectare per capita. Comparing the Ecological Footprint of the 22nd district of Tehran with the average of this index in Iran (2.67), Asia (1.8) and also in the world (2.7), it was determined that the 22nd district of Tehran has a more Ecological Footprint amount than all these. There is a need to reduce the Ecological Footprint by changing the pattern of life and reducing population in the region.

Cause of immoderate difference between Ecological Footprint and biocapacity in this region it’s accurate to assess the development, in an unsustainable situation. The main reason of this difference is lack of infrastructures in zone 22. With two times more population than master plan, biocapacity is less than half of the predicted amount. As a region with high mid-income level, in case of mismanagement Ecological Footprint of Tehran zone 22 could reach to 6.2 Global Hectares. Zone 22 needs an immediate management on population density with decrease in urban construction, especially near the Chitgar artificial lake. It worth mentioning that Ecological Footprint decrease is an achievable goal. Germany was successful to change the people Ecological Footprint from 6.8 Global Hectares in 1990 to 5.2 Global Hectares in 2012.

Bio-inspired silver nanoparticles were synthesized with the aid of a novel method, using leaves of the plant Nigella sativa. After drying the leaves in air, they were first sweltered in boiling distilled water and the liquid was filtered subsequently. The result was the brothused to reduce solutions including various concentrations of silver nitrate in a proper amount of pH. The displayed UV–visible spectra identified formation of silver nanoparticles whenever the colorless initial acclimated mixture turned brown. The centrifuged powder samples were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray diffraction analysis (EDX) methods. The results clearly revealed that the final particles of precipitated powder are high purity agglomerates of silver nanoparticles. Besides, the effects of various amounts of the silver salt on particle size of nano silver were studied, using a particle size analyzer. FTIR results also indicated the role of different functional groups in the synthetic process.

Caracal (Caracal caracal) is a species of Felidae which has a vast distribution in the central area ofIran. In this study, we gathered all records of caracal in Yazd province during nine years (2002-2011). We also analyzed the results of intensive camera-trapping in 3 protected areas inYazd province. Based on the results of the study 96 records of caracal were obtained in the study area including, 36 photographs, 54 direct observations and 6 death animals. The results showedSiahkouhNational Park has more relative abundance of caracal than the other areas (including; Naibandan and Dareh Anjir wildlife refuges). Analysis of the results showed there is no significant difference between the activities of caracal on night and day. Three records of death animals related to the road accidents. In this study, we obtained 3 different cases of reproduction of caracal in Kalmand – Bahadoran protected area.

Stress during pregnancy, is among the psychological factors that is affective in the incidence of postpartum depression. One’s perception of stress and copingstyles with stress can greatly effect a person's health. Styles of coping with stress, can affect the outcome of stress as a mediator variable. The aim of this research, was to predict postpartum depression based on perceived stress and coping styles with stress, during pregnancy. For this purpose, in a descriptive study based on regression analysis, 100 pregnant women from Tabriz city were chosen with targeted sampling method and were tested in terms of depression, perceived stress coping style with Stress. Regression analysis indicated that there is a positive correlation between perceived stress and coping style, with postpartumdepression. And these variables explain 35 percent of changes in postpartumdepression. The results indicated that perceived stress and emotion-focusedcoping style have a positive correlation with postpartum depression. But therewas no significant correlation between problem-focused copings styles andavoidant with postpartum depression. It seems with the identification and screening of pregnant women disposable to stress and with training of effective and adapted stress coping style against stress, we can prevent postpartum depression in women.