مهدی فدایی

Background & Decisions related to the supply chain and the selection of supply chain channel members are one of the main and strategic issues in supply chain and play an important role in the company's success in responding to customer demand. The aim of this research is to analyze the performance of the supply chain of dairy products under conditions of uncertainty.
The current research is an applied research in terms of its purpose and a mixed exploratory research in terms of the method of data collection. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part included senior managers of dairy companies as executive experts, 15 of whom were selected by snowball sampling. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included managers and employees (experts and above) of one of the country's dairy companies, 106 of whom were selected based on Morgan's table and available sampling method. For data analysis, thematic analysis was used in the qualitative part and structural equations were used in the quantitative part.
The findings from the qualitative data analysis indicate the identification of 28 damages in the form of three overarching themes (supervisory factors, organizational factors and environmental factors) and 8 organizing themes (internal supervision, external supervision, structural factors, process factors, human factors, transportation conditions , economic factors and market conditions). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis also indicated the validity of the findings of the qualitative section.
Improving the performance of the dairy products supply chain network requires the company managers to focus on the identified damages. Then, setting goals in strategic plans and formulating appropriate strategies around supply chain performance in uncertain conditions can be effective.

Financing ultimately is aimed at increasing the value of the business through planning, executing, as well as applying financial resources besides balancing profitability and risk. This is realized when financial managers make proper decision about which financing methods to adopt. This study is aimed at providing a hybrid approach based on fuzzy ISM technique and MICMAC analysis in order to design a model to help choose financing sources for Iranian industrial enterprises through overcoming the restrictions of decision-making process. To this end, the fuzzy ISM technique has been first employed to specify the interrelationships between the indicators as well as modeling their hierarchical structure; subsequently, by means of MICMAC analysis, the dominant indicators involved in the financing process have been classified in one of the four clusters based on their Driving power and Dependence. The results indicate that the index of “government fiscal policies” has the highest effect on other indicators of the system and it is a basic criterion for making fundamental decisions to choose the financing sources of Iranian industrial enterprises. Hence, in their management decisions, decision makers should pay attention to the perspective of government fiscal policies before considering any other indicators.

Parenting in the digital age means that parents use methods, strategies and behaviors to educate, manage and improve children's digital consumption and virtual life, as well as use new educational opportunities due to the emergence of digital technologies and online communication in the media and virtual space to raise children. It puts parents in morally dangerous situations and makes it difficult for them to make correct moral decisions. One of these situations occurs under the moral dilemma of "false brothers". In this situation, parents get confused between independence and tyranny, neglect and commitment, authority and power, self-esteem and pride, humility and humiliation in order to manage and educate their children in cyberspace. The correct way to overcome this challenge is to clear the ambiguity of the meaning of the correct side of fallacies such as independence, neglect, authority, self-esteem and humility. In this article, the method of analysis based on the foundations of Islamic ethics is used to analyze and evaluate the fallacy of false brothers in parenting in the digital age along with the explanation of the correct meaning of true brother.

Using the GMM econometric method, this article examines the impact of active labor market policies as a percentage of GDP, inflation, tax gap, foreign direct investment and unemployment rate on reducing the unemployment rate using statistical data from Iran and The G20 member countries, which was collected as a panel data in the period from 2005 to 2022, and the estimation results of econometric models show that a 1% increase in the expenditure of active labor market policies reduces the unemployment rate by 0.031%, which It seems that this decrease in the unemployment rate due to a one percent increase in the expenditure of active labor market policies is less than the study conducted by Escadoro in 2018 in the study of the impact of active labor market policies on reducing the unemployment rate of OECD member countries and concluded that a 1 percent increase in expenditure The active policies of the labor market will be forced to reduce the unemployment rate by 0.38%. The researches conducted indicate that the costs of the active policies of the labor market in Iran (creating direct jobs, job search services, wage subsidies and training and skills training in the workplace) and..) are done, they can help the success of workers in finding and finding jobs and ultimately lead to the reduction of unemployment in Iran.

The efficiency of the foreign exchange market is crucial because exchange rates play a vital role in balancing a nation's internal and external economies. Iran's foreign exchange market has undergone significant developments and fluctuations in recent years, impacting its efficiency. This is evident in the monthly time series data for the unofficial exchange rates of the dollar, euro, and yuan from 2001 to 2021. An interesting trend has emerged since 2017: the Chinese yuan appears to be gradually replacing the dollar and euro as the primary trading currency in Iran's international market. Statistical tests, including the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Phillips-Peron (PP), and KPSS tests, indicate weak-form efficiency in the markets for all three currencies (dollar, euro, and yuan). This suggests that these markets remain vulnerable to speculative attacks. Furthermore, Johansen's cointegration and Granger's causality tests reveal an absence of semi-strong efficiency in all three markets. This implies that past price information alone is insufficient to predict future exchange rates. The research findings suggest that choosing the yuan as an alternative currency has had a somewhat positive impact on improving the efficiency of the Iranian currency market.

The budget, as a process of financial operations of the government, is the most important document that helps the executive bodies in achieving the goals of the country's vision document and development plans and in carrying out their duties effectively. Budgeting is the process of allocating limited resources to unlimited needs and optimal use of resources. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to investigate the effective factors on the effective budget allocation model using the gray relationship analysis approach. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical sample of the research also includes 10 experts from the Program and Budget Organization. In order to achieve the main goal of the research, 30 sub-factors in 4 groups of main factors (environmental, external, internal and legal) have been extracted by reviewing the subject literature and confirmatory factor analysis. The research results indicate that among the secondary factors, managers' priorities and managers' thoughts and opinions, and among the main factors, legal factors have the highest importance.A questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical sample of the research also includes 10 experts from the Program and Budget Organization. In order to achieve the main goal of the research, 30 sub-factors in 4 groups of main factors (environmental, external, internal and legal) have been extracted by reviewing the subject literature and confirmatory factor analysise research results indicate that among the secondary factors, managers' priorities and managers' thoughts and opinions, and among the main factors, legal factors have the highest secondary factors, inions, and am.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of the evolution of digital marketing literacy on commercial advertisements of chain stores. The research method is descriptive and correlational, and the direction of the research is applied. The statistical population of the research is made up of Mazandaran University students. Proportional stratified sampling was used for sampling and the sample size was determined to be 266 people. In this research, the data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire in a 5-point Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaire has been confirmed by professors and experts. Cronbach's alpha coefficient obtained from all the questions indicates the good reliability of the tool. In this research, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics methods were used to analyze the data. The results of the tests stated that the variables of price, security and trust, digital marketing environment, product characteristics and ease of purchase had a significant effect on commercial advertisements of chain stores in the evolution of digital marketing literacy, and the variable of promotional offers was not effective.

This article examines the possibility of improved social welfare as a result of the entry of a new private firm, domestic or foreign, into the upstream industry, in a situation where the upstream industry had a monopoly structure with the existence of a single government firm. A public firm can be privately or publicly managed, that is to say that it aims to either maximize profits or social welfare. The results of this study show that while in the monopoly structure, the privatization of a state-owned enterprise is an ineffective policy in terms of social welfare, the increase in competition leads to the justification of privatization, provided that the technology of the new domestic enterprise is more efficient than the state-owned enterprise within a certain range. If the new domestic enterprise is much more efficient than the state-owned enterprise or has a relatively similar technology, it will still be a suboptimal policy to privatize the state-owned enterprise. On the other hand, if the new entrant is a foreign company, the privatization of the state-owned company will be the optimal policy in a situation where the foreign company has a much more efficient technology than the state-owned company.

Many economists believe that unequal distribution of income is one of the main conditions for economic growth. With the integration of the world economy and the increasing development of international interactions, countries can no longer ignore the role of the foreign sector in macroeconomic policy making. In this mean, currency arrangementscan have macroeconomic effects. The method of this research is analytical descriptive which uses regression analysis with GMM method. The field of study includes the OPEC member countries and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), which most of the OPEC countries are Islamic countries and have a fixed currency regime and average or bad income distribution. The annual data are used for empirical analysis for each country and include the review period for the years 2007-2018. The results of this study show that in comparison with foreign exchange regimes, the independent variable of the managed floating exchange rate index on the dependent variable of Gini coefficient is negative and significant for the OPEC group. Also, the effect of the independent variable of the nail exchange rate index on the dependent variable of Gini coefficient for the OPEC group is positive and significant. In fact, for both groups the use of a floating exchange rate regime can reduce income inequality better than a fixed exchange rate regime. The results also show that the floating currency system has no significant effect on inequality in OPEC countries.

Conditional optimization is one of the best methods to increase production from hydrocarbon reservoirs. Integrated production modeling can optimize and manage production from reservoirs. In this research, a new method for optimizing integrated production systems is presented. The components of the integrated model are the reservoir, well, surface choke, pipeline, and separator models. The effect of separator inlet flow regimes and surface separator operation conditions on the efficiency of separator operation and oil production systems in this model cannot be neglected. This model includes the separator pressure controller and the objective function is to maximize the oil in the storage tank. The limitation of optimization is the non-formation of clotted flow at the inlet of the separator. The optimization model has excellent performance for optimizing integrated systems in stable, transient, and quasi-stable reservoirs. The optimization model can perform well in situations where the choke changes from critical to subcritical or vice versa. The amount of accumulated oil in the storage tank for the integrated model with clotted flow control is equal to BBL820, and for the integrated model without clotted flow control is equal to BBL 934.3 and for Olga software is equal to BBL 741.5. Using the optimal integrated model with clotted flow control, in addition to increasing oil production in the storage tank, also prevents the formation of slug flow.

The aim of this research is to design scenarios based on cooperative game theory models to investigate the observed rewards and penalties resulting from knowledge sharing or non-sharing among companies. The research population includes managers and experts from 30 top private companies active in the field of oil and gas projects. The research methodology is based on Kumar's classification, which is applied, interpretive, exploratory, and includes both quantitative and qualitative aspects. This study underscores the importance of efficient knowledge sharing as a means to foster collaboration among investors in the portfolios of the National Iranian Oil Company to compete with foreign competitors during sanctions.Upon reviewing the results of four scenarios derived from the game, it is observed that the rewards perceived by companies from knowledge sharing depend on the behavior resulting from knowledge sharing by other companies. The more capable an organization is in the influential factors of knowledge transfer and higher innovation, the greater the returns companies will obtain through cooperation. Sensitivity analysis regarding the costs of project cooperation, which arises due to the difficulty of implementing joint projects, shows that as costs increase, companies shift from a cooperation strategy towards a retaliation strategy and then towards a non-cooperation strategy. These strategies are determined based on aligning the results of the profit equation designed with three interrelated cooperative games: the prisoner's dilemma, the hawk-dove game, and assurance game.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of unlicensed accommodation centers (Mafam) on the hotel business in Isfahan based on the theoretical approach. Research method of this study, from the perspective of purpose; Functional, in nature; Exploratory-analytical; In terms of data collection methodology, qualitative method using contextual theory approach and data strategy of the foundation through in-depth interview technique, among 8 experts (managers and activists of tourism and hospitality industry, without asking follow-up questions and of course with maximum variety of professions), Judgment-purpose continued with conscious consent and until the limit of saturation of theoretical data in the form of sampling method. To evaluate and validate data (reliability); In the first part, the four criteria of acceptability, reliability, transferability and verification proposed by Lincoln and Guba (1985) were used. After conducting the interviews, 231 open codes were identified and using the category review process, content themes (using Atlas TTI software) including 5 categories, along with 27 subcategories related to designing an appropriate model of the effects of accommodation centers without Licenses (Mafam) were identified on the hotel business in accordance with five categories of paradigms. Categories (elective codes) were cultural components, political and legal conditions, strategic factors, environmental and social conditions, economic components.

In this study, the relationship between memorable TV advertisement and consumers’ audiovisual emotions has been investigated using neuromarketing approach. Considering research objective, it’s an applied study and regarding method it’s an experimental study. The statistical population of the study includes audience of TV commercials and the statistical sample includes 4 male and 5 female in the range of 22 to 55 years old which selected using purposive sampling method. In data gathering phase, customers’ brain reactions were recorded using electroencephalogram applying OpenBCI processing software with a sampling rate of 512, in the range of 7-13 HZ and 30 frames per second using FP1. After elimination of the artifacts and calculation of the data average of these in the Excel software, TV commercials were divided into three selected and normal messages. Analyzing the research data using SPSS software indicated that, there is a significant correlation between the emotions and feelings while watching the selected commercial and the remembered words, sounds and images. Furthermore, there isn’t any significant relation between the emotions and feelings while watching the lower rank commercial and the remembered words, sounds and images.

The main purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate suppliers based on traditional, lean and agility criteria and rank them with the combined approach of fuzzy Delphi,SWARA and ARAS in Saipa Company.The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection.First, key functional sub-criteria(traditional,lean and agile)were identified and then fuzzy Delphi technique,the effectiveness of these criteria was evaluated in Company.The statistical population in this part of the research is 30 experts and managers of the company, who due to the limited size of the community,all members of the community were considered as a sample.The fuzzy Delphi output showed that out of 20 sub-criteria identified after evaluating the experts,17criteria were finally approved.Then,using the new SWARA decision-making technique and applying the opinions of 30experts, the criteria and sub-criteria were evaluated and their weights were extracted.In traditional criteria,the sub-criteria"costs"with the highest weight in terms of importance in the first place and"operating capacity"in the last place;In lean criteria,the sub-criterion of"elimination of waste"as the most important and"supply of materials according to the needs of the industry"in the last rank;In the agility criteria, the sub-criteria of "flexibility"in the first place and"strong supplier communication"in the last place are extracted.In the final evaluation of the main criteria of the research,the criterion of"agility"was in the first place, the criterion of"lean"was in the second place and the criterion of"traditional"was in the last place.The proposed approach of this research provides a valuable conceptual framework to company managers to improve the status of suppliers.

Clustering algorithms are useful tools for understanding data structure and classifying them into different data sets. Due to the importance of using these algorithms in analyzing financial market data that have a high volume and scope, this study in order to select the best clustering algorithm for clustering companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the field of finance from It has used different clustering algorithms and evaluated the validity of these algorithms and selected the best algorithm.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of implementation method and is of quantitative type (mathematical modeling). The statistical population of the research includes 403 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in 2019, whose performance has been evaluated based on four financial criteria.

After clustering the surveyed companies by five clustering algorithms, namely K-means, EM, COBWEB, density-based algorithm and ward method, seven indicators RS, DB, Dun, SD, Purity, Entropy and Time were used to evaluate the algorithms. Finally, the total performance of the algorithms was analyzed based on TOPSIS, VICOR and DEA methods. Based on the results, K-means has a better performance in clustering based on the financial data sets.

Originality/Value:

 Since no clustering algorithm can have the best performance in all measurements for each data set, this study uses a combination of multiple criteria to analyze data clustering algorithms related to the field of financial performance appraisal. Companies have provided suggestions and the results of this study have been used effectively for investors in the field of finance, which leads to the optimal choice of investment portfolio.

Islamic seminarian students are regarded as a reference group, and therefore expected to be more careful about their talk, behavior, and deeds in social networks. They are obligated to show, in practice, behavioral standards to the users so as to be their role models of virtual life in media action. Furthermore, incidence of immoralities on the part of Islamic seminarian users leads not only to the degradation of their character and class status, but also, at times, to damaging religious beliefs of individuals and negative attitudes towards all religious people. This research conducts a pathological examination from the individual aspect of the action of Islamic seminarian users of social networks. The research method is qualitative and the problem has been analyzed by using in-depth, purposive interviews with 16 experts on media and lifestyle, themselves Islamic seminarian users. Neglect of religious mission and making lay remarks were among the downsides of the Islamic seminarian users’ action that were pointed out in the interviews. Providing examples of and ‘proofreading’ media action are among the innovations of the present study.

Imports and exports in all countries play an important role in economic growth. Therefore, choosing the right products will increase the country's competitiveness in world trade. Saffron is one of the most important and distinctive non-oil products of Iran for export. The purpose of this study is to predict the export of saffron through three machine learning algorithms and select a proper algorithm for predicting. The sample period of the forecasting models includes the data of Iran Saffron export from 2012 to 2019 which have been collected from the Iran Saffron Association. After performing the data preparation steps, the saffron export prediction was performed using three data mining algorithms including artificial neural network, deep learning, and gradient boost tree. To choose a better forecasting model, the validity of the model plays an essential role. Predictive validity of three designed models, using Absolute Error (Artificial neural network = 0.036, Network deep learning = 0.031, Gradiant boost tree = 0.047), R-squared (Artificial neural network = 0.045, Network deep learning = 0.044, Gradiant boost tree = 0.073) and Correlation (Artificial neural network = 0.95, Network deep learning = 0.98, Gradiant boost tree = 0.97) were measured. Based on the findings, all of these three designed models are accurate and their prediction error is very low and close to each other. However, with insignificant differences, the deep learning network has less error. The results could be useful for more accurate planning of saffron exports.

Surface separators play a very important role in oil and gas-producing fields. For this reason, their optimal design is very important for field applications. Semi-experimental design is a basic method to determine the dimensions of separators. Due to the simplifying assumptions used in semi-empirical design methods, they are only used for approximate estimation of the dimensions of the separators. The two-phase separator laboratory unit consists of a horizontal two-phase separator on a laboratory scale, pumps, compressors, and a static mixer to create a two-phase flow and a liquid filter to trap liquid droplets from the outlet gas flow. The separation efficiency is determined by weighing the trapped liquid droplets and by imaging the maximum diameter of the liquid droplets in the exhaust gas flow. In this research, the optimal dimensions of the separator are presented using a new combined method. In the proposed new combined method, CFD simulation of the two-phase separator was first carried out on a laboratory scale. Then the simulations were validated using laboratory data. Also, the optimal range for the slenderness ratio of the separator was determined. Finally, by using the new relationships presented in the form of dimensional analysis, the dimensions of the separator were determined, and then the performance of the designed two-phase separator was validated using the CFD simulation model. Validation results showed that the presented new method has a high capability in the design of gas-liquid separators. The relative error value between the results of the developed CFD model and the laboratory data was less than 7%. In order to use the presented new method in the field, the dimensions of the surface two-phase separator were determined for one of the production wells located in the South Pars gas field. One of the most important achievements of this research is providing the necessary platform for the optimal design and construction of surface separators for field use.

Combinatorial choice models are based on the implicit assumption that decision-makers consider all possible combinations that can be made by the options in a given set. Therefore, these models assumed that the chosen combination is the most preferable combination.
However, decision-makers may not consider all possible combinations due to the limited attention. Thus, the chosen combination is not necessarily the best. This paper presents a model that can explain such choice behaviors. After presenting the model, we investigate its revealed preference implications and explain how one can make inferences about individuals’ preferences considering their choices in the new context. Finally, for the model to be testable, we present its characterizing axiom and show that it is equivalent to the model.

Identifying the factors affecting audit quality has always been one of the study challenges of audit researchers and often internal factors affecting audit quality have been studied, but so far a conceptual model for identifying all internal and external factors affecting audit quality using the method Delphi is not provided. In this study, 66 factors affecting the quality of auditing were presented using the views of 15 auditors, members of the Iranian Society of Certified Public Accountants, and the Delphi method was presented. According to the findings of this study, internal criteria include inputs, processes and outputs, and external criteria also include economic, cultural components and laws and regulations. Also, using triangular fuzzy logic, the center of gravity of the identified factors entered the fuzzy stage and finally, during different stages, 22 important factors were identified. Factors such as scientific and technical competence, independence and impartiality, supervisor's expertise in the client industry, the auditor's emotional intelligence and the interaction of the audit team were among the most important internal criteria affecting the quality of the audit. Factors such as the level of government support for the audit profession, the level of economic transparency, the audit committee, the existence of a culture of disclosure and accountability in society are also identified as the most important external criteria affecting the quality of auditing and a comprehensive model is presented.

The use of pipelines is the most effective and safest method of transporting large-scale petroleum products from the refinery to the storage and distribution centers. Efficient and optimal planning in multi-product pipelines is important from economic, social, and strategic points of view. In this paper, a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model with a continuous time framework is presented to determine not only the batches' optimal injection and volume, but also their sequence and timing. The goal is to minimize the costs of pumping, storage, mixing, and delayed demands regarding all operational constraints in the problem. This paper investigates the planning of transportation of petroleum products via a one-direction multi-product pipeline with an injection source at the origin and several distribution centers along the way. The supposition of this problem regards a multi-period planning horizon with a time window for the total demands of the distribution centers, which must be provided until the end of the program horizon. The case study is a pipeline with a length of 457 km that delivers 6 petroleum products to 4 distribution centers. Two examples of the mentioned case study are presented to demonstrate the advantages of using the Mixed Integer Linear Programming model. The evaluation and validation of the plan is confirmed by comparing it with the operational plan realized in Iran Oil Pipelines and Telecommunications Company. The results imply a significant improvement in pipeline scheduling and cost reduction by applying the mathematical model.

One can prove it necessary to address the moral requirements of religious tourism in Iran since Iran possesses a high capacity of Islamic Iranian culture and religious places, and yearly attracts many tourists. To improve the level of ethics among people involved in religious tourism, this study examines respect as a moral standard of religious tourism in regard to the laws and conditions of Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method is descriptive-analytic and information is gathered in the library. The results show that an increase in the number of tourists, strong earnings for the destination, the improvement of satisfaction rate with the journey, and visiting the maximum expected places in one journey may arise from adherence to the moral principle of respect in religious tourism, the protection of natural phenomena, written law, privacy, equality, and adequate infrastructure.

Any kind of disturbance in extraction, sale, import and export of oil and gas has an undeniable role in the economic stability of the country. Therefore, in this research, using a systems dynamics model, the impact of sanctions on the supply chain of Iran's oil industry has been investigated. The subsystems diagram and the cause and effect diagram have been compiled by considering the variables identified with the help of foundation data theory, and the effect of importing raw materials on capacity development and the effect of increasing the cost of raw materials on the localization of raw material production in the oil industry has been modeled. The results showed that the effort to neutralize the sanctions of the oil industry with the help of knowledge-based companies can increase the income by 418% within the next ten years, but by investing in the development of the production capacity of petroleum products, it can increase the income by 27% and make the country against Resist sanctions.

The issue of selecting suppliers and prioritizing them is always one of the most important actions of various companies, including car manufacturer companies. Because these companies need a lot of parts to produce car, they have one of the most complex supply chains. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to prioritize the performance of automotive industry’s agile suppliers based on agile indicators with a combined approach of confirmatory factor analysis & TOPSIS method.

The present study is accounted of applied research type according to the purpose and of descriptive research type in terms of data collection. It is also in the category of quantitative research based on dealing with the problem. In this research, a model was desigsned to identify criteria and sub-criteria by reviewing the research literature and theoretical framework. First and second-order confirmatory factor analysis was used to validate the model & TOPSIS was used to rank suppliers. The statistical society of the research in the first part, i.e. confirmatory factor analysis, is supply chain scope’s experts and specialists and in The ranking section also the opinions of 13 experts is used.

In the confirmatory factor analysis section, between seven criteria and seventeen sub-criteria, in the first order confirmatory factor analysis section, all sub-criteria were approved regarding the factor load and significant numbers. In the second-order factor analysis section also, regarding that standard estimation coefficients and significant numbers were in a suitable range, therefore, all the criteria (Use of technology, Strong supplier relationships, updated and improvement method, clearness, partners’ features capability, process capability, process capability, flexibility) were approved. It should be noted that in this section, the criterion of continuous updated and improvement method had the highest coefficient and the partners’ features capability had the lowest coefficient. Finally, also in the TOPSIS section,10 suppliers were prioritized according to the opinions of experts and specialists.