نوشیروان خضری مقدم

Students are among the people who struggle with anxiety as one of the common problems, for this reason, the investigation of anxiety structures is of great importance to predict anxiety, so the purpose of the present study is to investigate the causal model of emotional schema and alexithymia with anxiety sensitivity through the mediating role of difficulty in emotion regulation in second year high school students. The method of the current research was correlation and structural equation modeling. The target population of the research was all the students of the second year of secondary school in Torbat-Haydriya city in 1400-1401, who were sampled through available sampling in the number of 220 people. The necessary information was collected through Floyd Anxiety Sensitivity Questionnaires (ASI), Leahy Emotional Schema Questionnaire (LESS), Gratz and Romer Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (DERS) and Toronto Alexithymia Questionnaire (TAS_20).Data were analyzed through SPSS 26 and AMOS 24 statistical software. The results showed that emotional schema and alexithymia are indirectly related to anxiety sensitivity through the mediating factor of difficulty in regulating emotions, but these two variables are not directly related to anxiety sensitivity. Therefore, teachers and therapists can come up with emotion regulation training and interventions based on emotion regulation in the direction of modulating anxiety sensitivity.

Cancer is one of the most common diseases in the world today that in addition to causing physical problems causes psychological problems for patients. One of these problems is pain catastrophizing.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of psychological resilience and mindfulness in predicting pain catastrophizing through mediating role of positive emotions in patients with cancer.

This study was a descriptive and correlational research. The statistical population included all Adult cancer patients (over 18 years old) in Kerman in summer and autumn of 2021, that a total of 141 patients were selected as the sample using purposive sampling. For data collection, Standard Pain Catastrophizing Scale, PANAS Positive Affect Schedule, short form of the Freiburg Mindfulness Questionnaire and Connor and Davidson Resilience Questionnaire, were used. For data analysis, path analysis and Pearson correlation methods were applied by using AMOS software version 24 and SPSS version 23.

Results showed that the direct path of resilience (-0.27) and positive emotions (-0.32) to pain catastrophizing and direct path of resilience (0.24) and mindfulness (0.16) to positive emotions were significant. Also, the results of path analysis showed that the final model of the research had the goodness of fit (CMIN=0.373, NFI=0.99).

The results showed that positive emotions mediate the prediction of pain catastrophizing based on psychological resilience and mindfulness. It is suggested that therapists and cancer-related institutions include treatment programs related to these factors.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the acceptance, commitment and problem-solving skills training on reducing the emotional divorce and the marital frustration. The research method, with regard to the quasi-experimental nature of the subject, was selected with a pre-test post-test design with a control group. The statistical population was the couples attending the Family counselling centers in Kerman city in 2019. The study sample involved 30 participating couples who were selected using available and simple random sampling and were divided into two experimental and control groups. Training the acceptance, commitment and problem-solving was presented to the couples in the experimental group during eight two-hour sessions, while the control group was in the waiting phase. To assess the subjects in both groups, the Emotional divorce questionnaire (Guttmann, 1994), and the Marital Frustration questionnaire (Nihouse and Bartel, 2006) were used. The results of the covariance analysis showed that training the acceptance, commitment and problem-solving was effective on reducing the emotional divorce and frustration. This effect was stronger on reducing the frustration. According to the results, maybe we need to consider a more serious role for training the acceptance, commitment and problem-solving in the educational and therapeutic interventions related to reducing the emotional divorce and the marital frustration of the couples.

Aim and Background:

In describing objective reality, what harms the relationship are repetitive practical patterns in behavior. In fact, damage to a relationship is caused by the behavior that comes to us, not the thought or feeling that flows within us; therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of group couple therapy based on acceptance and commitment using schema conceptualization on improving the performance indicators of conflicting couples in Zahedan.

Materials and Methods

The research method was quasi-experimental. The statistical population of the study included all couples referring to counseling centers in Zahedan during December and December 2009. By selecting clusters of three centers and using purposive sampling available, 18 couples were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The intervention consisted of 10 2-hour sessions per week and the practical experience during treatment led to the formation of new conceptual models in the process of injury and treatment. Data were collected using a marriage performance questionnaire that was obtained from both control and experimental groups before and after the intervention. The research hypotheses were tested by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and SPSS software version 20.

The results showed that the developed group therapy protocol based on acceptance and commitment using schema conceptualization was significantly effective in improving the performance of couples in all subscales studied (P≤0.001).

It seems that group therapy based on acceptance and commitment using schematic conceptualization has an effect on couple performance. However, in order to increase the external credibility of the research, it is suggested that more research be done.

Theoretical foundations and conducted studies are indicative of the effect of physiological factors on the incidence and exacerbation of migraine. Identification of these factors can play a major role in the treatment and prognosis of this disease. Therefore, the present study aims to predict the severity of migraine headaches based on anxiety, defense mechanism, and self-compassion. To this end, a total of 200 patients with migraine headaches visiting neurology clinics in Shiraz were selected using purposeful sampling. The patients were then asked to fill out the Spielberg State-Trait questionnaire(1970), Najjarian Migraine Symptom Severity questionnaire(1997), and Bond Defense style questionnaire (1983), and  Neff Self-Compassion scale(2003). The results of correlation and step by step regression analysis showed that there was a relationship between anxiety, defense styles, and self-compassion with the severity of migraine headaches(P<0/01). The results also showed that anxiety, defense styles, and self-compassion predicted 0/19, 0/14, and 0/16 of severe migraine headaches.

The present study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of Parent Management Training (PMT) on frustration tolerance and adjustment of adolescent girls in Kerman. The research method was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest and control group. A sample of 32 First year high school girls in Kerman was chosen by a multistage cluster random sampling method in the 2018_2019 academic year and randomly assigned to the experimental and control group. The parents of the experimental group were included in Parent Management Training (PMT) program for 9 sessions but parents of the control group did not receive any training. The research tools were Harringtonchr('39')s frustration Tolerance questionnaire (2005) and Sinha and Singchr('39')s Adjustment students questionnaire (1993). The data were analyzed by descriptive indicators and multivariate analysis of covariance using SPSS software version 24. The results showed in the experimental group compared to the control group, the mean scores of frustration intolerance significantly reduced and  the mean scores of adjustment significantly increased in the posttest. Therefore, the results showed that Parental Management Training can be a useful intervention for reducing frustration intolerance and increasing adjustment of adolescent girls.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Logo therapy along with recitation of the Quran and supplication on the afterlife belief and the mental health the of depressed women in Kerman. This research project is a pre-test post-test semiexperimental survey based on random assignment. The statistical population consists of depressed women. The sample consist of 30 depressed women whose illness was diagnosed y busing Beck Depression Scale. They were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control with 15 women each. The experimental group had a ten course in logic therapy along with recitation of the Quran and supplication whereas the control group had not taken such a course. Both groups responded to the test questions about the Last Day and mental health before and after the experiment. The results show that logo therapy along with the recitation of the Quran has an impact on afterlife belief and mental health. Twinned with spiritual affairs, spiritual therapy helps in directing depressed women’s to attention the dreams and aspiration of living in the Hereafter and grasping the realities of this world, thus increasing the level of their afterlife belief which in turn leads to the improvement of their mental health.

The aim of this study was the assessment of mediating role of the meaning of life (including two subscales: Presence of Meaning and Search for Meaning) between family cohesion and family flexibility and academic buoyancy. For this purpose, selected 404 students (154 male and 250 female) from Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman by multi-stage cluster sampling randomly. In order to assess the variables was used from family cohesion questionnaires (Samani, 1381), family flexibility (Shakeri, 1382), the Meaning of Life (Steger and et al, 2006) and academic buoyancy (Hossein Chari and Dehghanizadeh, 1391). Data analysis was carried out by enter regression manners according to the recommended steps of Baron and Kenny (1986). Results showed that variable of family flexibility has a direct, positive and significant effect on academic buoyancy. Also, family flexibility through Presence of Meaning subscale has indirectly effects on academic buoyancy. Variable of family cohesion does not have a direct effect on the academic buoyancy, however this variable through presence of meaning subscale and search for meaning has positively and negatively effects on academic buoyancy respectively. The findings are discussed in the light of the relevant research literature and suggestions for further research is presented in this area.

Diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic illnesses that is closely associated with some psychological problems, particularly stress. In this case, psychological interventions can be useful. The aim of this study was to investigate effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on self-care activities and life expectancy in patient with type 2 diabetes.

In this study, semi-experimental design (pretest-post-test) and a one year follow up period with control group was used. Population of the study included patients with type 2 diabetes that were members of Iranian Diabetes Society of Tehran. For sampling, 60 patients were selected by available sampling method. Finally, 15 patients were randomly assigned to either experimental and control groups. Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities Questionnaire (SDSCA) and Snyder’s life expectancy Questionnaire were used. The obtained data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA.

The results showed that MBSR significantly affected on self-care activities and this effect was stable after one year follow up period (p=0.037). Also, the results showed that MBSR only with regard to pretest, post-test and follow up periods and its interaction with the group could have a significant effect on life expectancy and this effect was stable after one year follow up period (p=0.004).

Findings revealed that MBSR can be effective on increasing self-care activities and life expectancy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is recommended to integrate such interventions into comprehensive treatment of diabetes.