فهرست مطالب نیلوفر مظفری

In Iran's administrative system, the task of selecting and appointing government managers is very important. The people who are entrusted with these central positions have the power to shape and influence the direction of public administration and the implementation of policies. Choosing the right public administrators is not just a routine procedure and it is a decision that can have far-reaching consequences for the effectiveness and success of the administrative apparatus. A selected team of capable and competent managers can create positive transformations in the administrative system and strengthen efficient governance. By choosing capable managers, Iran's administrative system can actively address challenges and implement effective policies.

The current research is qualitative and was carried out using thematic analysis method. The statistical population of the research was made up of experts from both academic and executive departments, and a semi-structured interview was conducted with 17 experts using snowball type targeted sampling. Interview data were coded and then analyzed using MAXQDA software. The validity of the findings was confirmed with the help of the agreement coefficient between two coders.

In this section, the harms and challenges of managers' choices and appointments in Iran's administrative system were dealt with. Finally, 53 basic themes were extracted in the form of five overarching themes including “political influence and dynamics”, “evaluation and measurement”, “accountability and transparency”, “resource management”, and “procedural issues”. And, a classification process and the overarching theme of "political influence and dynamics" were recognized as the most important factors influencing managerial appointments.

This research shows the critical challenges related to the selection and appointment of managers in the administrative system and its complex landscape. The most important of these challenges is the general issue of "political influence and dynamics," which emphasizes the need to improve processes to minimize external pressures on managerial appointments. In this regard, the current study aims to promote transparency, reduce political interference, apply advanced evaluation methods, use modified measurement tools, pay attention to knowledge and experience, optimize competency models and eliminate organizational deficiencies, and provides recommendations for selecting managers.By addressing these challenges and implementing targeted organizational reforms, the selection structure of managers in Iran's administrative system can be moved towards more responsible and efficient choices. This will ultimately help to improve the level of accountability, efficiency and overall effectiveness of the administrative system in the development and progress of the country.

In the field of higher education, the scientific authority of academic disciplines plays a decisive role in shaping the academic environment, attracting talented students and improving knowledge. Recognition and evaluation of scientific reference of academic fields is also needed for people who seek to make decisions in the field of research, education and consulting. The current research is a qualitative study with the aim of identifying the indicators of scientific authority in academic fields of higher education in Allameh Tabatabai University as one of the pillars of higher education. Using the purposeful snowball sampling method, in-depth interviews were conducted with 30 university faculty members in different fields. Collected data using thematic analysis research method and placement analysis software. The research findings showed a set of key indicators that help create and recognize scientific authority in academic fields. These indicators include research outputs, interdisciplinary collaborations, funding and resources, faculty expertise, and international recognition. The present research provides valuable guidance for other universities by providing an insight into the factors that contribute as scientific help, which aims to improve their scientific position and their position in the leading universities in their respective fields.

The volume of scientific documents and articles has increased dramatically in the last decade. It makes too difficult to find the relevant documents based on the user’s query. Information retrieval systems help researchers to find relevant scientific articles. One of the capabilities that help researchers to find the relevant papers is the feature of finding related scientific articles to an article. In other words, this feature allows to the researcher to view other related articles by selecting one article.The purpose of this research is to present a method based on the analysis of bibliographic references to identify related scientific articles in digital libraries. The statistical population of this research is the articles published in the last 5 years in Persian and English publications indexed in the ISC in the field of computer science. The proposed method is able to find the articles that are most similar to the given article by analyzing the references of the articles and ranking them based on their similarity. To do that, after extracting the title and obtaining the similarity between the existing references among the articles, those articles that have the most similarity are identified and sorted based on their similarity. The proposed method has been compared with other methods, and the obtained results on both Persian and English data are promising.

This article presents a method to find the number of topics in Persian research articles, which is actually one of the main challenges in topic modeling. It is the process of automatically recognizing topics in a text with the aim of discovering hidden patterns
This study has estimated the number of topics for Persian research articles using two approaches. The first is based on the greedy search and later uses Renormalization theory, which is a mathematical formalism to construct a procedure for changing the scale of the system so that the behavior of the system preserves. Also, the execution time of both algorithms on Persian academic articles has been compared with each other.
The findings indicate that the renormalization approach predicts the number of topics in Persian research articles with the lower time complexity in comparison to the greedy based approach.
The approach based on Renormalization has high efficiency for estimating the number of topics in Persian academic articles.

Achieving scientific authority is one of the emphases that has been emphasized in the Supreme Leader's orders and it is considered as a strategy in the country's scientific programs in recent years. In the past years, researchers have investigated the dimensions of scientific authority from different aspects. Universities are the main scientific centers of the country and play the most important role in achieving scientific authority. With a systemic view, it can be understood that the movement of universities as components of the country's scientific system towards scientific authority will lead to the achievement of the country's scientific system to regional and international authority. If we consider each university as a set of components related to each other, to achieve the scientific authority of a university, its various components must also move towards achieving scientific authority. One of the most important pillars of the university's education and research system is the academic fields in which professors and students are engaged in learning and acquiring knowledge. Trying to achieve the authority of a university's fields will help the university to achieve scientific authority. On the other hand, the approach taken by the ranking systems for thematic ranking of universities (which can include one or more disciplines) doubles the importance of this matter. As a result, in this research, the research problem has been defined as identifying the factors that affect the achievement of the authority of the disciplines.Academic disciplines play a role in achieving scientific authority from different perspectives, but their effectiveness is different. Therefore, finding authority indicators from the perspective of disciplines can be considered a new concept in the field of studies related to scientific authority. The purpose of this research is to identify the authority indicators of fields from the perspective of experts. This research was conducted at Allameh Tabataba'i University one of the important universities in the country to identify these indicators from the perspective of prominent professors, educational and research experts. The results of this research can be generalized on a wider level and in other universities.Because the issue of authority components of disciplines has been less discussed in previous research, it was first necessary to identify any component that is related to scientific authority, especially related to academic disciplines, by reviewing the literature and previous researches. This work was done in the second part and in the third part the most important concepts that we need in this research were explained. But to complete these components, it is necessary to use the opinion of experts. Allameh Tabataba'i University, as a specialized university in the field of humanities and one of the first-level universities in the country, has defined one of its main goals to achieve scientific authority in the field of humanities. The area chosen to conduct this research is Allameh Tabataba’i University.In the first part of the research, the databases of Science Direct and Google Scholar were searched between 2000 to 2022 with the keywords of scientific authority, field authority, the competitive advantage of the university and its Latin equivalents. Among the 618 related articles found, four criteria of keyword assignment, research topic, access level to the article and screening were used to include or not include the research. Among these, articles related to non-academic fields were excluded. Again, the articles were reviewed in terms of repetition and availability, and the remaining 112 articles were reviewed in terms of content, quality, and methodology, and finally, the remaining 21 articles were carefully reviewed.In the second part of the research, in order to calculate additional indicators, semi-structured interviews with an exploratory approach have been used. According to the purpose of this research, which is to identify the factors affecting scientific authority, Allameh Tabataba'i University was selected as a specialized humanities university and one of the pioneers of the movement towards scientific authority to conduct research. According to the developed strategic plan of the university, the main goal is to achieve scientific authority in humanities which is the dominant discourse of the university. In this connection, experts who had outstanding educational and research records and opinions in the field of scientific authority were introduced through the supervision and evaluation office of the Vice-Chancellor of Allameh Tabataba'i University. Among the people, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 16 experts who were willing to be interviewed.Examining the results of this research showed that the main components affecting the scientific authority of the fields include: Customization/Islamization, Applicability, Identity, Technological infrastructure, Promotional activities, Attractiveness, International interactions, and Employment of prominent professors.Some of the components of authority need to spend money and resources, which needs some kind of prioritization according to the limitations that exist. The components identified and confirmed in this research can help in the evaluation of university courses to achieve scientific authority. The fields that get more points according to the indicators mentioned in this research can be called authoritative fields. Universities should focus on these fields due to budget limitations to achieve scientific authority. On the other hand, other disciplines can use the values of the indicators related to authoritative disciplines as their goal to improve and move towards scientific authority

Name is a key factor for distinguishing authors. In the academic databases that store information on papers, searching for the name of the article author is one of the most important elements in increasing visibility and the quantitative studies in the field of Scientology including the amount of citing works. The diversity of writings is one of the issues that lead to challenges in various scientific fields. In addition, the lack of writing standards in the Persian language and the lack of keyboards and standard codes, the habit of simply writing are among the factors that lead to the author's name disambiguation. Also, the spelling mistakes that occur by the writers in writing the name lead to the creation of different forms of writing for a single name. Considering the importance of solving the confusion of authors’ names in Persian articles, this paper aims to propose a framework to solve the problem of confusion and dispersion of authors' names in Persian articles, which has led to a rupture and lack of comprehensiveness in information retrieval.

The present research is an applied scientometrics method carried out by documentary procedure, and the required data is collected from the ISC database. The initial statistical population is 913 records during the period 2015 to 2017. The proposed framework consists of three stages: searching, matching, and grouping. In this regard, after initial pre-processing and feature extraction, the search operation is performed to find records that are potentially likely to be identical. Our method extracts two types of features including internal and external. The internal feature has been extracted from the author’s information like first name, last name, affiliation, email, and co-authors. In addition, the external feature uses the scientific history of authors like articles and research interests. Next, in the search phase, the records that are potentially the same are identified. We propose a new method called Farsi-Soundex, which has been inspired by the well-known Soundex to categorize potential unique names. The same records are then found through further investigation in the adaptation phase, which is based on random forests. Therefore, the input of the matching stage is a group of records that have been detected the same based on the Farsi-Soundex algorithm. To specify whether these records are the same or not, a random forest algorithm has been applied to them. Finally, in the grouping stage, all the records that have been identified as the same using random forest are placed in one group by a hash-based algorithm.

The internal features of Email address, last name, and first name are the most significant features to optimize name-writing confusion. Also, the obtained results show the external features of the main subject and sub-subject provide the least effective features for solving the author name disambiguation problem in the academic database. In addition, using a random forest as a classifier in the matching phase, with an accuracy of over 99%, can solve the problem of confusion in writing the authors' names.

Results show the high efficiency of our framework in uniformity of names according to the criteria of accuracy, recall, and F value compared to the support vector machine, the nearest neighbor, and genetics. Our proposed method can be applied to scientific databases to standardize the names of the authors. In the future, we are investigating the efficiency of our proposed framework in a non-stationary environment in which the distribution of data may be changed over time.

Several factors are involved in the production and presentation of recommender systems.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the two challenges lack and sparsity of data on the effectiveness of the proposed results of the RICeST Journal Finder. The corpus includes more than 15,000 articles from technical and engineering publications in the period 2013 to 2017, which have been collected from their website. Textual elements of these articles were extracted, normalized and processed, and a research body database was created. Based on the number of collected articles, by using Cochran's formula, 400 basic articles that previously published in related to the topic of each journal were selected in a random-proportional method. Title and abstract of these articles as a query, in order to receive the system Journals suggested, to print the article in two stages of before and after improving the two challenges of lack and sparsity of data in the test corpus. The suggested results in each step were saved in Excel. Finally, the effectiveness of the system results in each stage was determined by Leave-one-out Cross-Validation method and based on the accuracy criterion in k.The relative abundance of categories showed that, in the current situation, the target journal was suggested in only 26% of searches in the first 3 ranks. After enriching, normalizing and processing the data and thus improving the lack of data challenge, although 30% of the results were still rated above 10; But the accuracy of the results in the first 3 ranks increased by 15%. Also, after thematically categorizing the data with the aim of improving the sparsity challenge, 30% increase in the accuracy of the system results in the first 3 ranks compared to the previous step was achieved. The results of this study showed that enriching the database, improving the processing process and thematic classification of data in RICeST journal finder can reduce the two challengs lack and sparsity of data and increase the effectiveness of the proposed results of this systems.

In the recent years, with the increasing volume of articles and the use of Internet and search engine services, the author name disambiguation problem has received a lot of attention. Name disambiguation can occur when one is seeking a list of publications of an author who has used different name variations and also when there are multiple other authors with the same name. So far, various methods have been proposed to solve this problem, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. Despite years of research, the name disambiguation problem remains largely unresolved. In this study, we propose an algorithm to identify several records that belong to one author. For this purpose, a new criterion has been proposed to determine the similarity between the two records. Since this study addresses the approximate matching of authorschr('39') records, the importance of the fields in each record is determined by the coefficients. In order to get the optimal coefficients, we propose a genetic algorithm to learn from the available samples. The proposed method has been evaluated with two fitness functions on experimental data and the results are promising.